《伊斯兰教的要素》
Elements Of Islaam
伊斯兰
Islaam
它指的是遵从先知穆罕默德ﷺ所带来的教义，遵守他的命令，远离他的禁令。
It refers to submitting oneself to the teachings brought by the Prophet Sallalahu Alaihi Wa Sallam abiding by the commands and refraining from the prohibitions.
《伊斯兰教的要素》
Elements Of Islaam
伊斯兰教有四个要素。它们如下:
There are four elements of Islaam. They are as follows:
1. 古兰经
1. Al-Qur’aan
2. 圣训（Al-Hadeeth）
2. Al-Hadeeth
3. 伊季玛（Al-Ijmaa’）
3. Al-Ijmaa’
4. 类比推理（Al-Qiyaas）
4. Al-Qiyaas
《古兰经》
Al-Qur’aan
这是安拉subhanahu wa ta'ala（至圣、至高）所启示的神圣经典，启示给最后、最终的先知穆罕默德ﷺ。这部经典引导人们处理宗教事务和世俗事务，教导人如何为永恒的后世做好准备。
The sacred scripture of Allaah Subhanahu Wa Ta’ala, which was revealed to the last and final Prophet; Muhammad Sallalahu Alaihi Wa Sallam. The book guides people to their religious and worldly affairs. It teaches man how to get preparation for the eternal life.
圣训
Al-hadeeth
先知ﷺ的言行，用以阐明《古兰经》的教导，并指引人们遵行这些教导。
The statements and practices of the Nabee Sallalahu Alaihi Wa Sallam which explain the Qur’aanic teachings and direct mankind to those instructions.
伊制马尔 / 按音译应为：伊吉马尔 Note: 若按照常见的伊斯兰术语译法，"Al-ijmaa’" 应译为 **穆斯林学者的共识（伊制马）**。
Al-ijmaa’
"伊giamaa'"这个术语指的是学者们在某一宗教事务上达成的一致意见，并且大多数穆斯林认可这种一致。 Let me correct that: the transliteration should match the original spelling. "伊禁马仪"这一术语指的是乌拉玛（学者）们在某一宗教问题上的一致意见，而且大多数穆斯林认可这种一致。
The term Ijmaa’ is used for the unanimity of the Ulamaa on a religious matter in a way that the majority of Muslims approve that unity.
类比推理（Al-qiyaas）
Al-qiyaas
它指的是将一件没有明确伊斯兰经据的事情，与另一件类似的事情进行比较，依据是二者具有共同的“illah”（效因），从而将后者的判决（Hukm）推及前者。
It refers to comparing a matter, which bears no clear Islaamic evidence, with a similar one on the basis of having common Illah-ground for Hukm-ruling
问题
Question
1. 什么是伊斯兰?
1. What is Islaaam?
2. 伊斯兰教的要素是什么？
2. What are the elements of Islaam?
3. 什么是《古兰经》？
3. What is Qur’aan?
4. 什么是圣训（Hadeeth）？
4. What is Hadeeth?
5. 什么是伊贾玛（Ijamaa’）？
5. What is Ijamaa’?
6. 什么是 Qiyaas（类比推理）？
6. What is Qiyaas?
作者：Umar Abdul Jabbaar——沙斐仪教法要义
By Umar Abdul Jabbaar - Elements of Shaafi Fiqh