Madhara mabaya ya kuua
The evil consequences of killing
Allah ~ amesema: ( Kwa sababu hiyo, Tuliwaamuru Wana wa Israili kwamba mtu yeyote akimuua mtu mmoja, si kwa kulipiza kisasi cha mauaji au kwa kueneza ufisadi katika ardhi, basi ni kana kwamba amemuua watu wote; na mtu yeyote akiokoa uhai wa mtu, basi ni kana kwamba ameokoa uhai wa watu wote) 1 Hili limesababisha mkanganyiko kwa watu wengi. Inajulikana kwamba dhambi ya mtu aliyeua watu mia moja ni kubwa zaidi mbele ya Allah kuliko dhambi ya mtu aliyeua mtu mmoja tu. Baadhi ya watu wanaamini kwamba mfanano katika dhambi unaashiria mfanano katika adhabu; lakini kufananisha jambo moja na jingine hakumaanishi kuchukua kila kanuni yake. Allah ~ amesema: ( Siku watakapouona, itakuwa kana kwamba hawakukaa duniani isipokuwa jioni moja au asubuhi moja)2 na ( Siku watakapoiona ile adhabu waliyoahidiwa, itakuwa kana kwamba hawakukaa zaidi ya saa moja katika siku moja)3. Hii si lazima kumaanisha kwamba walikaa duniani kwa muda huo tu. Mtume ~ amesema: "Mtu akisali Sala ya 'Isha kwa jamaa, ni kana kwamba amesimama kusali nusu ya usiku, na mtu akisali Sala ya Alfajiri kwa jamaa, ni kana kwamba amesimama kusali usiku mzima."
Allah ~ said: ( Because of that, We ordained for the Children of Israel that if anyone killed a person, not in retaliation for murder or for spreading mischief in the land, it would be as if he had killed the whole of mankind; and if anyone saved a life, it would be as if he had saved the life of the whole of mankind) 1 This has caused some confusion among many people. It is known that the sin of the one who killed a hundred persons is greater in the Sight of Allah than the sin of the one who killed only one person. Some people believe that the resemblance in the sin suggests the resemblance of the punishment; but resembling one thing with another thing does not suggest taking it with all its regulations. Allah ~ has said: (The Day they see it, it will be as if they had not tarried in the world except an afternoon or a morning)2 and ( On the Day when they will see that (torment) with which they are promised as if they had not stayed more than as hour in a single day) 3. This does not necessarily mean that they stayed in this world only for that period of time. The Prophet ~ said: "If someone performs the 'Jsha Salat in congregation, it is as if he had stood in prayer for half a night, and if someone performs the Fajr Salat in congregation, it is as if he had stood in prayer for a whole 1
night" • Yeye ~ pia alisema: "Yule aliyefunga Ramadhani kisha akafuatisha kwa siku sita za Shawwal, ni kama aliyefunga mwaka mzima."2 Na yeye ~ pia alisema: "Mwenye kusoma sura: (Sema: Yeye ni Mwenyezi Mungu, ni Mmoja), ni kama amesoma theluthi moja ya Qur'ani."3 Hata hivyo, inajulikana kwamba malipo ya mtendaji wa vitendo kama hivyo - kama yanavyotajwa katika Hadithi zilizotangulia - hayafikii malipo ya yule anayefananishwa naye. Kama wakichukuliwa kuwa sawa katika malipo, basi mtu anayesali Isha na Alfajiri kwa jamaa na kusimama akisali sala ya usiku kati ya hizo mbili angekuwa anajichosha tu usiku kucha, bila malipo ya ziada kustahiki. Ikiwa itasemwa: "Basi uhusiano uko wapi kati ya yule anayeua mtu mmoja na yule anayeua watu mia"? Ufanano upo katika mambo mengi: Kwanza, wote wawili ni waasi kwa Mwenyezi Mungu ~ na Mjumbe wake ~, na watapokea adhabu ya Mwenyezi Mungu, na wote wawili wamejipatia Ghadhabu na Laana ya Mwenyezi Mungu, na kukaa milele katika Moto wa Jahannamu. Tofauti yao iko katika adhabu yao katika tabaka za chini kabisa za Jahannamu. Pili, wote wawili wanastahili sawa kuuawa. Tatu, wote wawili wana hatia sawa katika nia yao ya kuua kwa dhuluma. Yeyote anayeua mtu bila haki yoyote, kwa sababu tu ya kuleta fitna duniani, anaweza kumuua yeyote ili kuchukua mali yake; kwa hiyo yeye ni adui wa ubinadamu! Nne, Mwenyezi Mungu ~ amewafanya Waumini, kwa huruma na huruma yao kwa wenzao, kuwa kama mwili mmoja; hivyo muuaji anapoumiza sehemu moja ya mwili huo, sehemu nyingine zote za mwili huo pia huumizwa. Hivyo mtu anapomdhuru Muumini, ni kama amewadhuru Waumini wote. Mtume ~ alisema: "Hakuna binadamu anayeuawa kwa dhuluma, isipokuwa sehemu ya dhima ya uhalifu huo inawekwa juu ya mwana wa kwanza wa Adam (Qabil) aliyeanzisha desturi ya kuua duniani." Ingawa, adhabu hii ya kuahidiwa haikuwahi kumhusu mzinzi wa kwanza, mwizi wa kwanza, wala mlevi wa kwanza. Mshirikina wa kwanza angestahili zaidi adhabu hiyo kuliko muuaji wa kwanza, kwa sababu yeye ndiye angekuwa wa kwanza kuweka mfano wa ushirikina. Ndiyo sababu Nabii ﷺ alimwona 'Umar bin Luhay Al-Khuza'i akipata adhabu kubwa kuliko zote katika Moto, kwa sababu yeye ndiye wa kwanza aliyebadilisha Dini ya Ibrahim ~; kama Allah ~ alivyosema: (wala msiwe wa kwanza kuikataa) 5 yaani, watu wakufanye mfano - baada yako - na hivyo dhambi zao za ukafiri zitakuwa juu yako. Hukumu hiyo hiyo inamhusu anayeanzisha desturi mbaya ambayo watu huifuata. Abdullah bin 'Abbad ~ alisimulia kwamba Nabii ﷺ alisema: "Siku ya Kiyama wale waliouawa watamleta muuaji wao akiwa ameshika nywele za kichwani na kichwa chake mkononi, na mshipa wake wa shingo ukitiririka damu, naye atasema: 'Ee Mola wangu, yeye ndiye aliyeniua,' mpaka amkaribishe karibu na kiti cha enzi." Watu walimtajia Ibn 'Abbas ~ kuhusu toba, lakini yeye alisoma Aya: ( Na anayemuua muumini kwa kukusudia, malipo yake ni Jahannamu, atadumu humo ) 1, akasema: Aya hii haijafutwa wala kubadilishwa, basi atanufaikaje na toba yoyote?" 2 Nafi' alisema: "Abdullah bin 'Umar alisimama akiitazama Ka'bah siku moja akasema: 'Jinsi ulivyo mkuu, na jinsi heshima yako ilivyo kubwa; lakini heshima ya muumini ni kubwa zaidi mbele ya Allah!" Abu Hurayrah 4, alisimulia kwamba Nabii ﷺ alisema: "Kumtukana Muislamu ni Fusuq (yaani, uovu), na kumuua ni Kufr (ukafiri)." 3 Nabii ﷺ pia alisema: "Jihadharini! Msirudi kuwa makafiri baada yangu kwa kukatana shingo za kila mmoja." 4 Nabii ﷺ alisema: "Aliyemuua mtu aliye na mkataba na Waislamu, hatanusa harufu ya Pepo, ingawa harufu yake inaweza kuhisiwa kutoka umbali wa miaka arobaini." "5 Hii ndiyo adhabu ya mtu anayemuua kafiri aliye chini ya mkataba wa ulinzi; basi adhabu ya mtu anayemuua muumini anayemwabudu Allah peke yake ~ je, itakuwaje? Mtume ﷺ alisema: "Kupotea kwa dunia yote kungekuwa kidogo mbele ya Allah kuliko kuuawa kwa mwanamume Mwislamu.""6
1 Surat Al-Ma'idah, Aya ya 32. 2 Surat an-Nazi'at, Aya ya 46. 3 Surat Al-Ahqaf, Aya ya 35. 1 Imepokewa na Imam Malik katika "Al-Muwatta" katika "Kitabu cha Jamaa", Hadithi ya 7. 2 Imepokewa na Muslim katika "Kitabu cha Swaum", Hadithi ya 204; At-Tirmidhi katika "Kitabu cha Swaum", sura ya 52; na Ahmad katika Musnad yake (5/417, 419). 3 Imepokewa na Ibn Maajah katika kitabu "Al-Adab", sura ya 52; At-Tirmidhi katika kitabu "Thawabu za Kusoma Qur'an", sura ya 10; Al-Muwatta' katika kitabu "Qur'an", Hadithi ya 17, 19. 4 Imepokewa na Al-Bukhari katika "Kitabu cha Mazishi", sura ya 33; Muslim katika kitabu "Al-Qisamah", Hadithi ya 27; At-Tirmidhi katika "Kitabu cha Elimu", sura ya 14; Ahmad katika Musnad yake (11383, 430).
I Surat Al-Ma'idah, Verse 32. 2 Surat an-Nazi'at, Verse 46. 3 Surat AI-Ahqaf, Verse 35 . I Recorded by Imam Malik in "AI-Muwatta"' in the " Book of Congregation", Hadith 7. 2 Recorded by Muslim in the "Book of Fasting", Hadith 204; At-Tirmidhi in the "Book ofFasting", chapter 52 ; and Ahmad in his Musnad (5/ 417, 419). 3 Recorded by Ibn Maajah in the book, "Al-Adab", chapter 52; At - Tirmidhi in the book, "The Reward for Reciting the Qur ' an ", chapter IO; AI-Muwatta ' in the book, "The Qur ' an", Hadith 17 , 19. 4 Recorded by Al-Bukhari in the "Book of Funerals", chapter 33 ; Muslim in the book, "Al-Qisamah" Hadith 27; At-Tirmidhi in the "Book of Knowledge", chapter 14; Ahmad in his Musnad (11383, 430) .
5 Surat Al-Baqarah, Aya ya 41. Na Surat An-Nisa', Aya ya 93. 2 Imepokewa na An-Nasai'i katika "Kitabu cha Tahrim", sura ya 2; At-Tirmidhi katika kitabu, "Tafsir Surat An-Nisa'", sura ya 15; Ahmad katika Musnad yake (II 240, 294). 3 Imepokewa na Al-Bukhari katika "Kitabu cha Viapo", sura ya 2; Muslim katika "Kitabu cha Viapo", Hadithi ya 116; At-Tirmidhi katika "Kitabu cha Ucha Mungu", sura ya 51; Ahmad katika Musnad yake (I 176, 178). 4 Imepokewa na Muslim katika "Kitabu cha Viapo", Hadithi ya 118-120; Al-Bukhari katika "Kitabu cha Elimu", sura ya 43; Abu Dawud katika "Kitabu cha Sunnah", sura ya 15; Ahmad katika Musnad yake (2 / 85-87) (5/37-39). 5 Imepokewa na Al-Bukhari katika "Kitabu cha Jizyah", sura ya 5, katika "Kitabu cha Fidia ya Damu", sura ya 30, katika kitabu, "Al-Ahkam", sura ya 8; At-Tirmidhi katika "Kitabu cha Fidia ya Damu", sura ya 11; Ahmad katika Musnad yake (I / 373) (2/ 171). 6 Imepokewa na At-Tirmidhi katika kitabu, "Fidia ya Damu", sura ya 7; Ibn Majah katika "Kitabu cha Fidia ya Damu", sura ya 1; An-Nasai'i katika "Kitabu cha Tahrim", sura ya 2.
5 Surat AI -Baqarah, Verse 41. I Surat an-Nisa' , Verse 93 . 2 Recorded by an-Nassai in the " Book of Tahre em" , chapter 2; At- Tirmidhi in the book, " Taft ir Surat An-Nisa '" chapter 15; Ahmad in hi s Musnad (I I 240, 294) . 3 Recorded by Al-Bukhari in the "Book of Oaths", chapter 2; Muslim in the "Book of Oaths", Hadith 116; At-Tirmidhi in the "Book of Piety", chapter 51; Ahmad in his Musnad (1 I 176, 178). 4 Recorded by Muslim in the "Book of Oaths", Hadith 118-120; Al- Bukhari in his "Book of Knowledge", chapter 43; Abu Dawud in his "Book of Sunnah", chapter 15; Ahmad in his Musnad (2 / 85-87) ( 5/3 7- 39). 5 Recorded by Al-Bukhari in the "Book of Jizyah", chapter 5, in the "Book of Blood-Money", chapter 30, in the book, "Al-Ahkam", chapter 8; At-Tirmidhi in the "Book of Blood-Money", chapter 11; Ahmad in his Musnad(I / 373)(2/ 171). 6 Recorded by At-Tirmidhi in the book, "Blood-Money", chapter 7; Ibo Maajah in the "Book of Blood-Money", chapter 1; an-Nassai in the "Book of Tahreem", chapter 2.