Idara ya vita ni mojawapo ya taasisi za Dola, na mkuu wake anaitwa amiri wa jihadi, badala ya meneja wa jihadi. Hii ni kwa sababu Mtume ﷺ alikuwa akiwapa viongozi wa jeshi jina la amiri.. Ibn Sa'd alisimulia kwamba Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alisema:

The war department is one of the State’s organisations, and its head is called the amir of jihad, rather than the manager of jihad. This is because the Messenger (PBUH) used to give to the leaders of the army the names of amirs.. Ibn Sa’d narrated that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: .

Amiri wa watu ni Zayd ibn Haritha; ikiwa atauawa, basi amiri ni Ja'far ibn Abi Talib; na ikiwa yeye pia atauawa, amiri ni Abdullah ibn Ruwahah; na ikiwa yeye pia atauawa, basi Waislamu wamchague mtu mmoja miongoni mwao na wamfanye kuwa amiri wao.”

The amir of the people is Zayd ibn Haritha; if he was killed then the amir is Ja’far ibn Abi Talib; and if was killed the amir is Abdullah ibn Ruwahah; and if was killed let the Muslims choose one man from among them and make him their amir.” .

Al-Bukhari alisimulia kutoka kwa Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (ra) kwamba alisema:

Al-Bukhari narrated that Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (ra) said: .

Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alimteua Zayd ibn Haritha kuwa amiri katika msafara wa Mu’tah…" Al-Bukhari amesimulia kutoka kwenye hadithi ya Salamah ibn Al-Akwa’: "Nilienda katika msafara pamoja na Zayd; yeye ndiye alifanywa kuwa amiri juu yetu".

“The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) appointed Zayd ibn Haritha as amir in the expedition of Mu’tah…” Al-Bukhari narrated has from the hadith of Salamah ibn Al-Akwa’: “I went on an expedition with Zayd; he was appointed amir over us”. .

Al-Bukhari na Muslim wameeleza kwamba Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (ra) alisema:

Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated that Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (ra) said: .

Mtume ﷺ alituma jeshi na akamteua Usama bin Zayd kuwa amiri juu yao. Basi baadhi ya watu walimkashifu uongozi wake, hivyo Mtume ﷺ akasema:

The Prophet (PBUH) sent an army and appointed Usama ibn Zayd as an amir over them. So some people defamed his leadership, so the Prophet (PBUH) said: .

“Ukimkashfu uongozi wake, basi umemkashfu uongozi wa baba yake kabla yake. Naapa kwa Allah! Yeye anastahili uongozi…”” [Bukhari, Sahih, #4250 na Muslim, Sahih, #2436]. Masahaba walikuwa wakiita jeshi la Mu’tah jeshi la maamiri. Muslim alisimulia kutoka kwa Ibn Buraydah, akasema: “Mjumbe wa Allah (ﷺ) alikuwa akimpa ushauri mtu aliyemteua kuwa amiri juu ya jeshi au msafara …” ..

‘If you defame his leadership you defamed the leadership of his father before. By Allah! He is worthy of leadership…’” [Bukhari, Sahih, #4250 and Muslim, Sahih, #2436]. The Sahabah used to call the army of Mu’tah the army of amirs. Muslim narrated from Ibn Buraydah, he said: “The Messenger of Allah ( PBUH) used to advise the person whom he appointed as amir over an army or an expedition …” ..

Idara ya vita inashughulikia masuala yote yanayohusiana na majeshi ya kijeshi, kwa upande wa jeshi, vifaa, silaha, vituo, risasi na mengineyo. Hii ni pamoja na vyuo vya kijeshi, misheni za kijeshi, na chochote kinachohitajika katika elimu ya Kiislamu na ya jumla kwa jeshi, pamoja na kila kitu kinachohusiana na vita na upangaji wake. Kazi ya kutuma majasusi dhidi ya makafiri wanaopigana vita pia ni jukumu la idara ya vita, na inapaswa kuwepo sehemu maalum kwa kusudi hili. Ushahidi wa hayo unajulikana vizuri katika Siyrah ya Mtume ﷺ.

The war department takes charge of all the issues connected to the armed forces, in terms of the army, equipment, weapons, facilities, ammunition and the like. This is in addition to military academies, military missions and whatever is necessary of Islamic and general culture for the army and everything related to war and planning of it. The task of sending spies against the belligerent disbelievers is also the role of the war department and there should be a special section for this purpose. The evidences for this are well known in the seerah of the Messenger (PBUH). .

Yote haya yanafanywa na kusimamiwa na idara ya vita kama jina lake linavyoonyesha, kwani inahusiana na vita na mapigano. Vita vinahitaji jeshi, na jeshi linahitaji kuundwa na kuandaliwa kwa upande wa uongozi wake, wakuu wa majeshi, maafisa na askari.

All of this is undertaken and supervised by the war department as its name indicates it is related to war and fighting. War needs an army, and the army needs formation and preparation in terms of its leadership, chiefs of staff, officers and soldiers. .

Kuundwa kwa jeshi kunahitaji maandalizi na mafunzo, ya kimwili pamoja na ya kiufundi. Mafunzo kama hayo yanahusu sanaa ya kupigana, matumizi ya silaha mbalimbali, na mafunzo ya kutumia na kuendeleza silaha za kisasa. Kwa hiyo, masomo ya kiufundi na kijeshi, mafunzo katika sanaa ya kupigana, na kujifunza matumizi ya silaha mbalimbali ni sharti la msingi kwa jeshi.

The formation of the army needs preparation and training, physical as well as technical. Such training addresses the art of fighting, the use of various weapons, and training in the use and developing of modern weapons. Therefore, the technical and military study, training in the art of fighting and learning the use of various weapons is an essential requirement for the army. .

Allah (SWT) amewaheshimu Waislamu kwa kuwafanya wawe wasambazaji wa ujumbe wa Uislamu kwa ulimwengu mzima. Amewabainishia njia ya kuufikisha Uislamu, nayo ni da‘wah na jihad. Amewawajibishia jihad, na mafunzo ya huduma ya kijeshi kuwa ni wajibu.

Allah (PBUH) has honoured the Muslims by making them the propagators of the message of Islam to the entire world. He defined for them the method of conveying Islam by da’wah and jihad. He made jihad obligatory upon them and training in the military service a duty. .

Kuanzia sasa, kila Muislamu mwanaume anayefikia umri wa miaka kumi na tano analazimika kupata mafunzo ya huduma ya kijeshi ili ajiandae kwa jihadi. Kuhusu usajili wa kijeshi, hili ni wajibu wa kutosha (wajibu wa pamoja).

Henceforth, every Muslim male that reaches the age of fifteen years is obliged to have training in military service to prepare for jihad. In regards to military conscription, this is a duty of sufficiency (collective duty). .

Ushahidi wa wajibu wa kushiriki katika jihadi ni kauli yake ﷺ:

The evidence for military service is His (PBUH) saying: .

“Na piganeni nao mpaka pasiwepo na fitina, na dini yote iwe ya Allah.” [TMQ 8:39].

“And fight them on until there is no persecution and the submission is to Allah in its entirety.” [TMQ 8:39].

Imetajwa pia katika Hadithi ifuatayo ya Nabii wa Allah ﷺ:

It is also mentioned in the following Hadith of the Prophet of Allah ( PBUH): .

"Fanyeni Jihadi dhidi ya Washirikina kwa mali zenu, mikono yenu na ndimi zenu" - imepokewa na Abu Dawud kwa mapokezi ya Anas [Sunan, #2504]. Ili mapigano yafanyike kwa namna iliyoainishwa na Shariah, kwa lengo la kumshinda adui na kuteka ardhi, mafunzo ya kijeshi ni ya lazima, kama Jihadi ilivyo lazima, kwa kuzingatia kanuni ya Shariah inayosema: 'Kile kinachohitajika ili kutekeleza wajibu chenyewe ni wajibu'. Kuwahimiza kupigana kunaingia katika amri ya kupigana. Allah (S.W.T) anaposema: "Na wapigane nao", hii ni amri ya kupigana na amri ya kufanya kazi yoyote inayofanya mapigano yawezekane. Zaidi ya hayo, Allah (S.W.T) anasema:

“Do perform Jihad against the Mushriks with your wealth, hands and tongues” narrated by Abu Dawud on the authority of Anas [Sunan, #2504]. In order for fighting to be carried out according to the way determined by Shariah, with the aim of defeating the enemy and conquering the land, military training is necessary, which is compulsory like Jihad, in accordance with the Shariah principle that States: ‘That which is necessary to accomplish a duty is itself a duty’. The soliciting of fighting falls within the order to fight. When Allah (S.W.T) says,. “And fight them”, this is an order to fight and an order to perform any task that makes the fighting possible. In addition Allah (S.W.T) says:.

"Waandalieni kwa ajili yao nguvu zote mnazoweza kuwa nazo (za kijeshi)". [8:60]

“Make ready for them all that (of armed force) you can “. [8:60] .

Mafunzo na utaalamu wa hali ya juu wa kijeshi ni sehemu ya maandalizi ya nguvu ya kupigana, kwani lazima viwepo ili kuwezesha kupigana. Hivyo, mafunzo ni sehemu ya nguvu ambayo lazima ipatikane, kama vile vifaa vya kijeshi na misheni za kijeshi n.k.

Training and high military expertise form part of the preparation of fighting power, for they have to be available in order to make the fighting possible. Thus training forms part of the force that must be obtained such as military hardware and military missions etc. .

Kuhusu kuandikishwa jeshini, ambako ni kuwateua watu kuwa sehemu ya vikosi vya kijeshi kwa kudumu, yaani kuwa na Mujahidina wanaofanya jihadi yenye ufanisi na kila kinachojumuishwa katika wajibu wa jihadi, hili ni la lazima, kwa kuwa kufanya jihadi ni wajibu endelevu, iwe adui ameshatushambulia au la. Ndiyo maana kuandikishwa jeshini ni wajibu wa pamoja unaojumuishwa katika hukmu ya jihadi.

As for the Military conscription, which is the assignment of people to be part of the armed forces permanently, i.e. to have Mujahidin performing effective Jihad and whatever the duty of Jihad entails, this is compulsory, for the performing of Jihad is a continuous duty whether the enemy attacked us or not, which is why military conscription is a collective duty that is included in the hukm of jihad. .

Kuhusu kanuni ya kuandikishwa kwa jeshi, ambayo inahusu wanaume pekee walio na umri wa zaidi ya miaka kumi na mitano, hii inatokana na hadithi iliyopokewa na Al-Bukhari kupitia Nafi', alipoeleza kwamba:

In regards to the rule of conscription which is only for men above the age of fifteen years, this is due to the hadith reported by Al-Bukhari through Nafi’ when he stated: .

Ibn ‘Umar (ra) alinieleza kwamba Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alimgeukia siku ya Uhud alipokuwa na umri wa miaka kumi na minne, lakini hakuniruhusu. Kisha alinigeukia siku ya handaki nilipokuwa na umri wa miaka kumi na mitano, naye akaniruhusu kupigana.” [Bukhari, Sahih, #2664]

Ibn ‘Umar (ra) told me that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) turned to him on the day of Uhud when he was fourteen years old, but did not allow me. Then he turned to me on the day of the trench when I was fifteen years old and he allowed me to fight.” [Bukhari, Sahih, #2664] .

Nafi' alisema, "Nilimtembelea 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-Aziz alipokuwa Khalifah. Nilimwambia hadith hii, naye akasema, 'Hakika hii ni mpaka kati ya mtoto na mtu mzima.' Kwa hiyo, akawaandikia magavana wake kuwawekea wajibu kila aliyefikia umri wa miaka kumi na tano." Maana yake ni kuwapangia rizki (mafungu ya fedha) katika diwani ya jeshi.

Nafi’ said, “I visited ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-Aziz when he was a Khalifah. I told him of this hadith and he said, ‘This is indeed a limit between the young and the mature.’ So, he wrote to his governors to make duty for whoever reached fifteen years.” It means to assign rizq (funds) to them in the divan of the army. .

Kwa hiyo tunakubali kwamba yule anayefikia umri wa miaka kumi na tano ni lazima apewe mafunzo ya utumishi wa kijeshi.

Therefore we adopt that the one that reaches the age of fifteen has to be trained in the military service.