4.1 Sarlavha
4.1 The title
Uning unvoni Xalifa, "Imom" yoki "Amir al-Mu'minin" bo'lishi mumkin. Bu unvonlar sahih hadislarda rivoyat qilingan va sahobalarning ijmosida tasdiqlangan. Xulafoi Rashidin (birinchi to'rt xalifa) aynan shunday unvonlarni ko'targanlar.
His title could be the Khalifah, the “Imam” or the “Amir al-Mu’minin”. These titles have been narrated in sound Ahadith and in the Ijma’ of the Sahabah. The Khulafa’ Al-Rashidin (first four Khulafa’) have held such titles. .
Abu Said Al-Khudri rivoyat qilishicha, Allah elchisi ﷺ shunday dedilar: "Agar ikki xalifaga bay'at berilgan bo'lsa, ulardan keyingisini o'ldiringlar." (Muslim, Sahih, #1842).
Abu Said Al-Khudri reported that the Messenger of Allah said: “If the pledge of allegiance (Bay’ah) has been taken for two Khulafaa’ kill the latter of them.” (Muslim, Sahih, #1842).
‘Abdulloh ibn Amr ibn al-‘Os rivoyat qiladi: u Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ning shunday deganini eshitgan: “Kim imomga bay’at qilsa, qo‘lini uning qo‘liga berib va qalbining mevasini bersa, qodir bo‘lganicha unga itoat etsin ...” [Muslim, Sahih, #1844].
‘Abdullah ibn Amr Ibn al-‘Aas reported that he heard Allah’s Messenger say: “Whoever pledged allegiance to an Imam giving him the clasp of his hand and the fruit of his heart shall obey him as long as he can ...” [Muslim, Sahih, #1844] .
Avf ibn Molik rivoyat qilishicha, u Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ning shunday deganini eshitgan: "Imomlaringizning eng yaxshisi - sizlar ularni sevadigan va ular sizlarni sevadigan, sizlar ular uchun duo qiladigan va ular sizlar uchun duo qiladiganlardir..." [Muslim, Sahih, #4782].
Auf Ibn Malik reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (P.B.U.H) say: “The best of your Imams are those whom you love and they love you and who pray for you and you pray for them ...” [Muslim, Sahih, #4782]. .
Ushbu hadislarda Islomda ilohiy hukmlarni ijro etuvchi hokimning unvoni xalifa yoki imomdir.
In these ahadith the title of the ruler that executes the divine rules in Islam is the Khalifah or the Imam. .
Amir al-Mu’minin unvoni bilan bog‘liq eng ishonchli riwoyatlar Imom Zuhriyning hadisidan kelib chiqadi. U al-Hokim “al-Mustadrak”da [3-jild, 73-bet, 4480-raqam] keltirgan, az-Zahabiy esa uni “at-Talxis”da sahih deb baholagan. at-Tabaraniy ham shunday riwoyat keltirganki, uning barcha rivoyat qiluvchilarini al-Haysamiy sahih deb e’lon qilgan. al-Hokim hadisni quyidagicha rivoyat qiladi: .
The most authentic reports regarding the title “Amir al-Mu’mineen,” came from the hadith of Shihab Al-Zuhri reported by Al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak [vol.3, p.73, #4480], which was authenticated by al-Zahabi [in the Talkhis]. Al- Tabarani has reported a narration regarding which Al-Haythami declared all transmitters of sound character. Al-Hakim narrates the hadith as follows: .
Ibn Shihob rivoyat qiladi: ‘Umar ibn Abdulaziz Abu Bakr ibn Sulaymon ibn Abu Haythamadan so‘radi…: “Amir al-mu’minindan [xat] yozgan birinchi kishi kim edi?” U dedi: “Muhojir ayollarning birinchilaridan bo‘lgan Ash-Shifa’ menga aytdi: ‘Umar ibn al-Xattob (ra) Iroq hokimiga yozdi va Iroq hamda uning aholisi haqida ularni so‘roq qilish uchun ikki kuchli kishini yuborishni so‘radi. U unga Labid ibn Rabi‘a va Adiy ibn Hotimni yubordi. Ular Madinaga kelganlarida, ikki tuyasini masjid hovlisida to‘xtatib, masjidga kirdilar. Ular tuyaqdan to‘satdan ‘Amr ibn al-‘Os‘ni ko‘rib qoldilar va dedilar: “Ey ‘Amr, bizga Amir ul-mu’minin ni ko‘rishga ruxsat so‘rab ber!” ‘Amr dedi: “Allohga qasamki, siz uni to‘g‘ri nom bilan atadingiz. U amir, biz esa mu’minlarmiz (mu’minin).” Keyin ‘Amr sakrab, ‘Umar, Amir ul-mu’minin oldiga kirdi va dedi: “Assalomu alayka ya Amir ul-mu’minin (Ey mu’minlarning amiri, sizga salom bo‘lsin).” ‘Umar dedi: “Ey ibn al-‘Os, bu nomni nima uchun o‘ylab topding? Alloh bilադi, sen aytgan gapingni isbotlashing kerak.” U dedi: “Labid ibn Rabi‘a va Adiy ibn Hotim keldilar, tuyalarini masjid hovlisida to‘xtatdilar va menga kelib dedilar: ‘Ey ‘Amr, bizga Amir al-mu’minin ni ko‘rishga ruxsat so‘rab ber!’ Allohga qasamki, ular sizga to‘g‘ri nom berdilar: biz mu’minlarmiz, siz esa bizning amirimizsiz.” Shundan so‘ng bu unvon yozuvda ishlatila boshlandi.” Ash-Shifa’ Abu Bakr ibn Sulaymonning buvisi edi. Shundan keyin musulmonlar ‘Umar (ra)dan keyingi xalifalarni ham shu unvon bilan atashda davom etdilar. [Qarang: Bukhoriy, Adab al-mufrad, #780.]
“Ibn Shihab narrated that ‘Umar ibn Abdul Aziz asked Abu Bakr ibn Suleiman ibn Abi Haythma…“Who was the first to write from Amir al-Mu’minin?” He said, “Ash-Shafa’ told me, who was from the first female emigrants, that ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (ra) wrote to the governor of Iraq to request two strong men so as to ask them about Iraq and its people. He sent to him Labeed ibn Rabeeah and Adi ibn Hatim. When they arrived to al-Madinah they halted their two camel rides in the courtyard of the masjid and entered into the masjid. They suddenly saw Amr ibn al-Aas, and said, “Ask O Amr for us the permission to see Amir ul-Mu’mineen!” Amru said, “By Allah, you called him by his right name. He is the Amir, and we are the believers (mu’mineen).” Then Amru jumped and entered before ‘Umar, Amir ul-Mu’mineen and said, “Assalamu Alayka ya Amir ul-Mu’mineen (Peace be upon you O Amir of the believers).” ‘Umar said, “What made you think of this name, O ibn al-As? Allah knows you have to justify that which you say.” He said, “Labeed ibn Rabeeah and Adi ibn Hatim arrived and they camped their two camel rides in the courtyard of the masjid and came to me and said ask O Amru for us the permission to see Amir al-Mu’minin!’ By Allah they gave you the right name; we are the believers (mu’mineen) and you are our Amir.” Since then, they started using this title in writing.” Ash-Shifa’ was the grandmother of Abu Bakr ibn Suleiman. After this the Muslims continued to call the Khulafaa’ after ‘Umar (ra) by this title.” [See also Bukhari, Adab al-Mufrad, #780].