Urush vazirligi Davlatning tashkilotlaridan biri bo‘lib, uning boshlig‘i jihod mudiri emas, balki jihod amiri deb ataladi. Buning sababi shuki, Payg‘ambar ﷺ qo‘shin boshliqlariga amirlar nomini berar edilar.. Ibn Sa’d rivoyat qilishicha, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan edilar: .

The war department is one of the State’s organisations, and its head is called the amir of jihad, rather than the manager of jihad. This is because the Messenger (PBUH) used to give to the leaders of the army the names of amirs.. Ibn Sa’d narrated that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: .

"Xalqning amiri Zayd ibn Harisa bo'ladi; agar u o'ldirilsa, amir Ja'far ibn Abu Tolib bo'ladi; agar u ham o'ldirilsa, amir Abdulloh ibn Ravoha bo'ladi; agar u ham o'ldirilsa, musulmonlar ulardan bir kishini tanlab, uni o'zlariga amir qilib olsinlar."

The amir of the people is Zayd ibn Haritha; if he was killed then the amir is Ja’far ibn Abi Talib; and if was killed the amir is Abdullah ibn Ruwahah; and if was killed let the Muslims choose one man from among them and make him their amir.” .

Al-Buxoriy rivoyat qilishicha, Abdulloh ibn Umar (roziyallohu anhu) shunday degan: .

Al-Bukhari narrated that Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (ra) said: .

Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Zayd ibn Horisani Mu’tah yurishida amir etib tayinladi… Al-Buxoriy Salama ibn al-Akva’ning rivoyatidan naql qiladi: “Men Zayd bilan yurishga chiqdim; u bizning ustimizga amir etib tayinlangan edi”.

“The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) appointed Zayd ibn Haritha as amir in the expedition of Mu’tah…” Al-Bukhari narrated has from the hadith of Salamah ibn Al-Akwa’: “I went on an expedition with Zayd; he was appointed amir over us”. .

Al-Buxoriy va Muslim rivoyat qilishlaricha, Abdulloh ibn Umar (roziyalloohu anhu) aytdi:

Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated that Abdullah ibn ‘Umar (ra) said: .

Payg'ambar ﷺ bir qo'shin yubordilar va ularning ustiga Usoma ibn Zayd ni amir etib tayinladilar. Shunda ba'zi kishilar uning rahbarligiga tanqid bilan til tekkizdilar. Shunda Payg'ambar ﷺ dedilar:

The Prophet (PBUH) sent an army and appointed Usama ibn Zayd as an amir over them. So some people defamed his leadership, so the Prophet (PBUH) said: .

“Agar siz uning rahbarligini obro‘sizlantirsangiz, undan oldin uning otasining rahbarligini ham obro‘sizlantirgan bo‘lasiz. Allohga qasamki! U rahbarlikka loyiqdir…” [Buxoriy, Sahih, #4250 va Muslim, Sahih, #2436]. Sahobalar Mu’ta lashkarini “amirlar lashkari” deb atashardi. Muslim Ibn Buraydadan rivoyat qilgan, u aytdi: “Allohning Elchisi ﷺ biror lashkar yoki yurishga amir etib tayinlagan kishiga nasihat qilardilar …”

‘If you defame his leadership you defamed the leadership of his father before. By Allah! He is worthy of leadership…’” [Bukhari, Sahih, #4250 and Muslim, Sahih, #2436]. The Sahabah used to call the army of Mu’tah the army of amirs. Muslim narrated from Ibn Buraydah, he said: “The Messenger of Allah ( PBUH) used to advise the person whom he appointed as amir over an army or an expedition …” ..

Harbiy vazirlik armiyaga, jumladan qo'shin, jihozlar, qurollar, harbiy inshootlar, o'q-dorilar va shunga o'xshash barcha masalalar bilan bog'liq ishlarni o'z zimmasiga oladi. Bundan tashqari, harbiy akademiyalar, harbiy missiyalar hamda armiya uchun zarur bo'lgan islomiy va umumiy madaniyat, urush va uni rejalashtirishga oid barcha masalalar ham uning vazifasiga kiradi. Urushqoq kofirlarga qarshi josuslarni yuborish vazifasi ham harbiy vazirlikning roli bo'lib, bu maqsadda alohida bo'lim bo'lishi lozim. Bunga dalillar Payg'ambar ﷺ siyratida yaxshi ma'lum.

The war department takes charge of all the issues connected to the armed forces, in terms of the army, equipment, weapons, facilities, ammunition and the like. This is in addition to military academies, military missions and whatever is necessary of Islamic and general culture for the army and everything related to war and planning of it. The task of sending spies against the belligerent disbelievers is also the role of the war department and there should be a special section for this purpose. The evidences for this are well known in the seerah of the Messenger (PBUH). .

Bularning barchasi urush vazirligi tomonidan amalga oshiriladi va uning nazorati ostida bo‘ladi, chunki uning nomidan ham ko‘rinib turibdiki, u urush va jangga aloqadordir. Urush esa armiyani talab qiladi, armiya esa rahbariyati, shtab boshliqlari, zobitlari va askarlari jihatidan shakllantirilishi va tayyorlanishi lozim.

All of this is undertaken and supervised by the war department as its name indicates it is related to war and fighting. War needs an army, and the army needs formation and preparation in terms of its leadership, chiefs of staff, officers and soldiers. .

Armiyani shakllantirish tayyorgarlik va mashg'ulotni talab qiladi, jismoniy ham, texnik ham. Bunday mashg'ulot jangovar san'at, turli qurollardan foydalanish, shuningdek zamonaviy qurollardan foydalanish va ularni rivojlantirish bo'yicha o'qitishni o'z ichiga oladi. Shu sababli, texnik va harbiy bilim olish, jangovar san'atni o'rganish hamda turli qurollardan foydalanishni o'rganish armiya uchun zarur shartdir.

The formation of the army needs preparation and training, physical as well as technical. Such training addresses the art of fighting, the use of various weapons, and training in the use and developing of modern weapons. Therefore, the technical and military study, training in the art of fighting and learning the use of various weapons is an essential requirement for the army. .

Alloh (SWT) musulmonlarni butun dunyoga Islom xabarini yetkazuvchilar etib, ularni sharaflagan. U zot ularga Islomni da’vat va jihod yo‘li bilan yetkazish usulini belgilab bergan. Jihodni ularning zimmasiga farz qilgan va harbiy xizmatga tayyorgarlikni vazifa etib belgilagan.

Allah (PBUH) has honoured the Muslims by making them the propagators of the message of Islam to the entire world. He defined for them the method of conveying Islam by da’wah and jihad. He made jihad obligatory upon them and training in the military service a duty. .

Balog'at yoshiga yetgan har bir musulmon erkak endi o'n besh yoshga yetgach, jihodga tayyorlanish uchun harbiy xizmat bo'yicha o'qitilishi shart. Harbiy safarbarlik masalasiga kelsak, bu kifoya qiladigan farz (jamoaviy farz) hisoblanadi.

Henceforth, every Muslim male that reaches the age of fifteen years is obliged to have training in military service to prepare for jihad. In regards to military conscription, this is a duty of sufficiency (collective duty). .

Harbiy xizmatning dalili Uning ﷺ hadisi: .

The evidence for military service is His (PBUH) saying: .

"Ularga qarshi shunday jang qilinglarki, fitna qolmasin va din butunlay Alloh uchun bo'lsin." [TMQ 8:39].

“And fight them on until there is no persecution and the submission is to Allah in its entirety.” [TMQ 8:39].

Bu haqda Allohning Rasuli ﷺ ning quyidagi hadislarida ham zikr etilgan:

It is also mentioned in the following Hadith of the Prophet of Allah ( PBUH): .

"Jihodni mushriklarga qarshi mol-mulkingiz, qo'lingiz va tilingiz bilan olib boring" — Abu Dovud Anas (roziyallohu anhu) orqali rivoyat qilgan [Sunan, #2504]. Dushmanni yengish va yerlarni egallash maqsadida jang Shariat belgilagan tartibda olib borilishi uchun harbiy mashg'ulot zarur bo'lib, u jihod kabi farzdir, chunki Shariat qoidasiga ko'ra: "Vojibni ado etish uchun zarur bo'lgan narsa o'zi ham vojibdir". Jangga tayyorlanishga da'vat qilish jangga buyurish doirasiga kiradi. Alloh (SWT) aytganida: "Ular bilan jang qiling" — bu jangga buyruq va jangni mumkin qiladigan har qanday ishni bajarishga buyruqdir. Bundan tashqari, Alloh (SWT) aytadi:

“Do perform Jihad against the Mushriks with your wealth, hands and tongues” narrated by Abu Dawud on the authority of Anas [Sunan, #2504]. In order for fighting to be carried out according to the way determined by Shariah, with the aim of defeating the enemy and conquering the land, military training is necessary, which is compulsory like Jihad, in accordance with the Shariah principle that States: ‘That which is necessary to accomplish a duty is itself a duty’. The soliciting of fighting falls within the order to fight. When Allah (S.W.T) says,. “And fight them”, this is an order to fight and an order to perform any task that makes the fighting possible. In addition Allah (S.W.T) says:.

«Ular uchun qo'lingizdan kelgan barcha kuch-qudrat (harbiy kuch)ni tayyorlab qo'ying»

“Make ready for them all that (of armed force) you can “. [8:60] .

Harbiy tayyorgarlik va yuqori harbiy mahorat jangovor kuchni tayyorlashning bir qismidir, chunki ular jang qilish mumkin bo‘lishi uchun mavjud bo‘lishi kerak. Shunday ekan, tayyorgarlik harbiy texnika va harbiy vazifalar va boshqalar kabi, qo‘lga kiritilishi shart bo‘lgan kuchning bir qismini tashkil etadi.

Training and high military expertise form part of the preparation of fighting power, for they have to be available in order to make the fighting possible. Thus training forms part of the force that must be obtained such as military hardware and military missions etc. .

Harbiy majburiy xizmat, ya'ni odamlarni doimiy ravishda qurolli kuchlar tarkibiga tayinlash, aniqrog'i mujohidlarning samarali jihod qilishi va jihod vazifasi talab qiladigan barcha ishlarni bajarishi uchun, vojibdir, chunki jihod doimiy farz bo'lib, dushman bizga hujum qilganmi yoki yo'qmi, buning ahamiyati yo'q. Shu sababli harbiy majburiy xizmat jihod hukmiga kiradigan jamoaviy farzdir.

As for the Military conscription, which is the assignment of people to be part of the armed forces permanently, i.e. to have Mujahidin performing effective Jihad and whatever the duty of Jihad entails, this is compulsory, for the performing of Jihad is a continuous duty whether the enemy attacked us or not, which is why military conscription is a collective duty that is included in the hukm of jihad. .

Harbiy xizmatga chaqirish qoidasi, ya’ni u faqat o‘n besh yoshdan katta erkaklarga taalluqli bo‘lishi, Nafi’ rivoyat qilgan, Imom al-Buxoriy keltirgan hadisga asoslanadi, u shunday deydi:

In regards to the rule of conscription which is only for men above the age of fifteen years, this is due to the hadith reported by Al-Bukhari through Nafi’ when he stated: .

Ibn ‘Umar (ra) menga aytdi: Allohning Elchisi (PBUH) Uhud kuni, men o‘n to‘rt yoshda bo‘lganimda, menga e’tibor qaratdi, ammo menga ruxsat bermadi. Keyin xandaq kuni, men o‘n besh yoshda bo‘lganimda, menga yana murojaat qildi va jang qilishga ruxsat berdi.” [Buxoriy, Sahih, #2664]

Ibn ‘Umar (ra) told me that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) turned to him on the day of Uhud when he was fourteen years old, but did not allow me. Then he turned to me on the day of the trench when I was fifteen years old and he allowed me to fight.” [Bukhari, Sahih, #2664] .

Nofi’ aytdi: “Men Xalifa bo‘lganida ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-Aziz huzuriga bordim. Unga bu hadisni aytdim, u esa: ‘Bu, shubhasiz, voyaga yetgan va yosh o‘rtasidagi chegaradir’, dedi. Shu sababli u hokimlariga yozdi: o‘n besh yoshga yetgan har bir kishiga (vazifa) yuklansin.” Bu degani, ularga armiya devonida rizq (ta’minot) belgilanishi demakdir.

Nafi’ said, “I visited ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-Aziz when he was a Khalifah. I told him of this hadith and he said, ‘This is indeed a limit between the young and the mature.’ So, he wrote to his governors to make duty for whoever reached fifteen years.” It means to assign rizq (funds) to them in the divan of the army. .

Shuning uchun biz quyidagini qabul qilamiz: o‘n besh yoshga yetgan kishi harbiy xizmatga tayyorlanishi kerak.

Therefore we adopt that the one that reaches the age of fifteen has to be trained in the military service.