9.9 Al-Mazalim qozilarini tayinlash va lavozimidan ozod etish
9.9 The appointment and dismissal of the judges of al-Mazalim
Mazolim sudyasini xalifa yoki bosh qozi tayinlaydi. Buning sababi shundaki, mazolim sud tizimining bir qismidir, chunki u shariat hukmini ijro yo‘li bilan yetkazadi, sudyaning barcha turlari esa xalifa tomonidan tayinlanishi shart. Buni Payg‘ambar ﷺ ning amallari tasdiqlaydi, chunki u ﷺ qozilarni tayinlar edi. Bularning barchasi xalifa mazolim sudyasini tayinlashi dalilidir, biroq xalifa tayinlash shartnomasida shunday qoida kiritgan bo‘lsa, bosh qozi mazolim sudyasini tayinlashi mumkin. Davlat markazidagi asosiy mazolim sudi (mahkamat ul-mazolim) faqat xalifaning, uning yordamchilarining va bosh qozining ishidan kelib chiqqan mazolimlarni ko‘rib chiqishi joiz; viloyatlardagi mazolim sudining filiallari esa valiylar va davlatning boshqa xodimlaridan kelib chiqqan mazolimlarni ko‘radi. Xalifa markazdagi mazolim sudiga, viloyatlarda unga bo‘ysunuvchi filial mazolim sudlaridagi mazolim sudyalarini tayinlash va lavozimidan ozod qilish vakolatini berishga haqlidir.
The judge of Mazalim is appointed by the Khalifah, or by the supreme judge. This is because the Mazalim is part of the judiciary, for they are the conveying of the Shariah rule by way of enforcement, and all the types of judges must be appointed by the Khalifah. This is confirmed by the Messenger of Allah's (PBUH) actions, for he (PBUH) used to appoint the judges. All this serves as evidence that it is the Khalifah who appoints the judge of Mazalim, yet the supreme judge could appoint the judge of Mazalim if the Khalifah made provisions for this in his appointment clause. It is allowed for the main court of unjust acts (mahkamat ul-Mathalim) in the centre of the State to examine only the Mazalim that occurred from the Khalifah, his assistants and the supreme judge; whilst the branches of the court of unjust acts in the wilayat examine the Mazalim occurring from the walis and the other State employees. The Khalifah has the right to give the central court of unjust acts the authority of appointment and removal of the Mazalim judges in the branch Mazalim courts that follow it in the wilayat. .
Xalifa davlatning markazidagi asosiy mazalim mahkamasining a'zolarini tayinlaydi va lavozimidan chetlatadi. Markaziy mazalim mahkamasining boshlig'i, ya'ni xalifani lavozimidan chetlatish masalasini ko'rib chiqadigan mazalim qozisini chetlatish, asosan, xalifaning huquqi bo'lishi kerak, chunki barcha qozilar singari uni tayinlash huquqi ham aynan unga tegishli. Biroq, agar qozini chetlatish vakolati ish ko'rilayotgan paytda xalifaga berilsa, bu vakolat harom ishga olib kelishi mumkin. Bunday vaziyatda "haromga olib boradigan vosita ham haromdir" degan qoida qo'llanadi. Bunday holatning yuzaga kelish ehtimoli katta bo'lishi ushbu qoidani qo'llash uchun kifoyadir.
The Khalifah is the one that appoints and removes the members of the main mahkamat ul-mathalim in the centre of the State. As for the removal of the head of the central mahkamat ul-Mazalim, i.e. the Mazalim judge responsible in examining the removal of the Khalifah, it should in principle be the right of the Khalifah to remove him, as it is he who has the right to appoint him like all the judges. However, it is possible, if the power of removing the judge were left to the Khalifah during a case, then this power would lead to haram. In such a situation the principle of "the means that leads to haram is haram" would apply. The strong likelihood of such a scenario arising is enough for applying this principle. .
Bu holat Xalifa yoki uning yordamchilari yoki uning oliy qozisi ustidan da'vo qo'zg'atilganda yuzaga keladi (agar Xalifaga Mazolim qozisini tayinlash va lavozimidan chetlatish majburiy vakolati berilgan bo'lsa). Chunki bunday holatda Mazolim qozisini chetlatish majburiy vakolatining Xalifa qo'lida saqlanishi qozining hukmiga ta'sir o'tkazadi; shunga ko'ra, qozining zarur deb topilganda Xalifani yoki uning yordamchilarini lavozimidan chetlatish imkoniyati cheklanadi. Bu holatda qozini chetlatish majburiy vakolati haromga olib boradigan vositadir, ya'ni bunday holatda uni Xalifa qo'lida saqlash haromdir.
This case means when a case is raised against the Khalifah or his assistants or his supreme judge (in case the Khalifah was given the mandatory power of appointing and removing the Mazalim judge). This is because keeping the mandatory power of removing the Mazalim judge in the hands of the Khalifah in this case would influence the verdict by the judge; and accordingly it would limit the capability of the judge to remove the Khalifah or his assistants if deemed necessary. This mandatory power of removing the judge in this case is a means for haram, i.e. keeping it in the hand of the Khalifah in this case is haram. .
Qolgan holatlarga kelsak, qoida o'z holicha qoladi, ya'ni mazolim qozisini lavozimdan chetlatish vakolati xuddi uni tayinlash kabi Xalifaga qoldiriladi.
As for the remaining cases, the rule remains as it is, i.e. the power of removing the Mazalim judge is left to the Khalifah just like his appointment.