Islom davlati — bu Xilofat. U butun dunyodagi barcha musulmonlar ustidan oliy rahbarlikdir. Shuning uchun agar biror musulmon mamlakatda Xalifaga qonuniy bay'at berilgan va Xilofat qaror topgan bo'lsa, dunyodagi musulmonlarga boshqa Xilofat o'rnatish harom qilinadi. Bu Rasululloh ﷺning quyidagi hadislariga asoslanadi:

he Islamic State is the Khilafah. It is the supreme leadership over all the Muslims worldwide, so if a Khalifah was given a legitimate bayah in any Muslim country, and Khilafah was established, then it is forbidden upon Muslims worldwide to establish another Khilafah. This is due to the saying of the Messenger (PBUH): .

“Agar ikki xalifaga bay'at berilsa, ulardan keyingisini o'ldiringlar.” [Muslim, Sahih, #1853].

“If bayah was taken to two Khalifahs, then kill the latter of them.” [Muslim, Sahih, #1853].

Xilofat Islom shariatining qoidalarini Islom olib kelgan tushunchalar va u belgilagan hukmlar asosida amalga oshirish uchun, shuningdek, Islom xabarini dunyoga yetkazish uchun tashkil etiladi. Xabar odamlarga Islomni tanishtirish, uni qabul qilishga chaqirish va Allohning yo'lida jihod qilish orqali yetkaziladi. Xilofat Imomat yoki Imorat ul-Mo'minin (mo'minlarning rahbarligi) deb ham ataladi. U dunyoviy vazifa bo'lib, oxirat bilan bog'liq vazifa emas. Xilofat odamlarga Islomni joriy etish va ularning orasida uni yoyish uchun mavjuddir. U, albatta, Payg'ambarlikdan farq qiladi.

Khilafah is established for implementing the rules of the Islamic Sharia using the concepts that Islam has brought and the rules that it has legislated; and also to convey the Islamic Message to the world. The message is conveyed by introducing Islam to the people and calling on them to embrace it and performing Jihad in the way of Allah. Khilafah is also known as Imamah or Imaratul-Mu‘mineen (leadership of the believers). It is a temporal post and not a post related to the hereafter. The Khilafah exists to implement Islam on people and to spread it among them. It is definitely different to the Prophethood. .

Payg'ambarlik — Alloh (SWT) o'zi xohlagan kishiga beradigan ilohiy mavqe bo'lib, u diniy e'tiqod masalasidir. Xalifalik esa esa inson tomonidan belgilanadigan lavozim bo'lib, unda musulmonlar o'zlari xohlagan kishiga bay'at beradilar va musulmonlar orasidan o'zlari xohlagan kishini o'zlariga xalifa etib tayinlaydilar. Bizning Payg'ambarimiz Muhammad ﷺ esa Alloh (SWT) tomonidan olgan Shariatni joriy etgan hukmdor edi.

The Prophethood is a theological position, which Allah (S.W.T) gives to whomever He wishes. The Khilafah on the other hand is a human post whereby the Muslims give their bayah to whomever they wish, and appoint whomever they like over them as Khalifah from among the Muslims. Our Messenger Muhammad (PBUH) was a ruler who implemented the Shariah which he received from Allah (S.W.T). .

Demak, u (ﷺ) nubuvvat va risolat martabasini egallagan hamda shu bilan birga Islom ahkomlarini amalga oshirishda musulmonlarga rahbarlik qilish vazifasini ham o‘z zimmasiga olgan. Shu sababli Alloh (SWT) unga ham hukm yuritishni, ham risolatni yetkazishni buyurgan.

So He (PBUH) held the Prophethood and the Messengership and at the same time assuming the post of presiding over the Muslims in implementing the rules of Islam. Allah (S.W.T) thus commanded him to rule as well as to convey the Message. .

U'ZGA TARJIMA: U (S.W.T) unga (ﷺ) buyurdi: "Va ular orasida Alloh nozil qilgan narsa bilan hukm qil" [TMQ 5:49].

He (S.W.T) ordered Him (PBUH):. "And judge between them by that which Allah has revealed" [TMQ 5:49] .

U Ham (S.W.T) shuningdek aytadi: .

He (S.W.T) also says: .

Biz senga haqiqat bilan kitobni nozil qildik, toki Alloh sanga ko'rsatgan narsa bilan odamlar orasida hukm qilasan.

"We have sent down to you the Book in truth so that you judge between people by that which Allah has shown you" [TMQ 4:105].

Alloh (S.W.T) ham shunday deydi:

Allah (S.W.T) also says: .

"Ey Rasul! Sizga Rabbingiz tomonidan nozil qilingan (xabar)ni yetkazing" [TMQ 5:67].

"O Messenger! Proclaim the (message) which has been sent to you from your Lord" [TMQ 5:67] .

"Ey, o'ralgan kishi! Turing va ogohlantiring." [TMQ 74:1, 2].

"O you wrapped up. Arise and deliver warning." [TMQ 74:1, 2].

Shunday qilib, Elchi (ﷺ) ikki vazifani zimmasiga olgan edi: Payg'ambarlik va Xabarni yetkazuvchi vazifasi hamda unga nozil qilingan Allohning Shariatini amalga oshirish uchun dunyoviy hayotda musulmonlarning yetakchisi vazifasi.

Thus, the Messenger (PBUH) held two posts: the post of Prophethood and conveyor of the Message, and the post of the leader of the Muslims in the worldly life for implementing the Shariah of Allah revealed to him. .

Biroq, Allohning Elchisi (SAV) dan keyin xalifalikni Payg‘ambar bo‘lmagan odamlar boshqargan. Shuning uchun xalifalar insonlar sifatida xato qilishlari, unutuvchan bo‘lishlari, gunoh qilishlari va boshqa narsalarga yo‘l qo‘yishlari mumkin. Chunki ular insonlar bo‘lib, payg‘ambar yoki elchi bo‘lmaganlari uchun gunohsiz emaslar. Allohning Elchisi (SAV) imomning xato qilishi mumkinligini bizga xabar qilgan va imom odamlar nafratlanib, la’nat o‘qiydigan ishlarni, masalan, zulm, itoatsizlik va boshqa narsalarni qilishi mumkinligini aytgan. Shuningdek, u imomdan ochiq kufr zohir bo‘lishi mumkinligini ham xabar bergan. Muslim Abu Hurayradan rivoyat qilgan: Allohning Elchisi (SAV) shunday degan: .

However, the Khilafah after the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) was held by humans, who were not Messengers. It is thus possible for the khulafa’ as humans to make mistakes, being absent minded, being forgetful as well as committing a sin and other things. This is because they are humans, so they are not infallible, for they are not Prophet or messengers. The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) has informed us that the Imam may make a mistake and he informed us that the Imam may do things which people hate and curse him for, like oppression, disobedience and other things. He also informed us that open Kufr might appear from the Imam. Muslim reported on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: .

“Darhaqiqat, imom — bu xuddi qalqon kabidir; odamlar uning orqasida jang qiladilar va o‘zlarini u bilan himoya qiladilar. Agar u bizga Allohning taqvosini saqlashni buyursa va adolatli bo‘lsa, bunda unga (shu amallarga) teng ajr bo‘ladi; agar u bundan boshqasini buyursa, unga ham shunga teng gunoh bo‘ladi.” [Bukhoriy, Sahih, #2957].

“Verily the Imam is but a shield from behind which the people fight and with which they protect themselves. So if he ordered us to observe the taqwa of Allah and he was just he would have equal to these (actions) in reward and if he ordered other than that it would be against him equal to that.” [Bukhari, Sahih, #2957] .

Bu shuni anglatadiki, imom Allohdan qo'rqishdan boshqa sabablar bilan buyruq berishi mumkin. Muslim ham ‘Abdulloh (ibn Mas’ud)dan rivoyat qiladi, u aytadi: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday dedilar:

This means that it is possible that the Imam may command with other than the fear of Allah. Muslim also narrated from ‘Abdullah (ibn Mas’ud) who said the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: .

"Mendan keyin xudbinlik va sizlar yomon ko'radigan ishlar bo'ladi", dedi u. Ular dedilar: "Ey Allohning Elchisi, bunday paytga guvoh bo'lgan kishiga qanday buyurasiz?" U ﷺ dedi: "Zimmangizdagi haqni ado eting, o'zingiz uchun esa Allohdan o'zingizga tegishli narsani so'rang." [Bukhoriy, Sahih, #7052]

“There would be after me selfishness and matters which you hate.” They said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, how do you order the one from us who would witness that?’ He (PBUH) said: “You should offer the right due upon you, and you ask from Allah the thing which is due to you.” [Bukhari, Sahih, #7052] .

Imom Buxoriy Junoda ibn Abu Umayya rivoyat qilganini aytadi, u esa shunday degan: «Biz kasal bo‘lib yotgan Ubada ibn as-Somitning huzuriga bordik va dedik: "Alloh (SWT) sizni to‘g‘ri yo‘lga yo‘naltirsin! Bizga Alloh Elchisidan ﷺ bir hadis aytib bering, shunda Alloh uni sizga foydali qilsin." U shunday dedi:

Bukhari narrated on the authority of Junada b. Abi Umayah who said: “We went to ‘Ubadah b. al-Samit when he was sick and we said may Allah (S.W.T) guide you. Inform us of a Hadith from the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) so Allah may benefit you from it. He said: .

“Allohning Elchisi (ﷺ) bizni chaqirdi va biz unga bay’at berdik. U biz undan olgan ahdda: biz unga yoqqan va yoqmagan narsalarda, qiyinchilik va osonlikda tinglash va itoat etish bay’atini berishimizni aytdi va biz odamlar ustidan uning hukmronligiga, agar Allohdan dalilga ega bo‘lgan ochiq kufrni ko‘rmasak, tortishmasligimizni aytdi.” [Buxoriy, Sahih, #7055].

“The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) called upon us and we gave him the bayah, and he said of that which he had taken from us that we should give him the pledge to listen and obey, in what we like and dislike, in our hardship and ease, and that we should not dispute his authority over the people unless we saw open Kufr upon which we had a proof from Allah.” [Bukhari, Sahih, #7055] .

Oisha roziyallohu anhodan rivoyat qilinadi: Allohning Elchisi (SWT) shunday dedilar:

Aisha narrates that the Messenger of Allah (S.W.T) said: .

“Musulmonlardan jazolarni imkon qadar qaytaringlar; agar ayblanuvchining chiqib ketish yo‘li bo‘lsa, uni ozod qilinglar, chunki imomning kechirishda xato qilishi jazoni joriy etishda xato qilishidan yaxshiroqdir.” Rivoyat qilingan: [Termiziy, “Sunan”, #1424].

“Avert the punishments from the Muslims as much as you can, so if the accused has any way out let him go free, because it is better for the Imam to make a mistake in forgiving than to make a mistake in imposing the punishment.” Narrated [Tirmidhi, Sunan, #1424] .

Ushbu hadislar aniq ko'rsatadiki, imom xato qilishi, unutishi yoki itoatsizlik qilishi mumkin. Shunga qaramay, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ uning Islom bilan boshqarganicha va ochiq kufr sodir bo'lmaguncha hamda u gunohga buyruq bermaguncha unga itoat etishni buyurganlar. Shuning uchun Rasululloh ﷺ dan keyin kelgan xalifalar insonlardir, ular ham to'g'ri, ham noto'g'ri ish qiladilar va ular ma'sum emas, ya'ni ular Payg'ambar emas. Demak, Xilofatni teologik davlat deyish noto'g'ridir. Aksincha, u inson davlatidir, unda musulmonlar Islom shariati qoidalarini amalga oshirish uchun xalifaga bay'at beradilar.

These Ahadith clearly make the point that it is possible for the Imam to make a mistake, forget or disobey. Despite this, the Messenger of Allah ( PBUH) has ordered obedience to him as long as he governs by Islam and no open Kufr occurs from him and he does not command with sin. Therefore, the Khulafa’ who came after the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) are humans, who do both right and wrong, and they are not infallible, i.e. they are not Prophet. Therefore it is incorrect to say that the Khilafah is a theological state. It is rather a human State, in which Muslims give bayah to a Khalifah for implementing the rules of Islamic Shariah.