4. 先知的使命
4. The Prophet’s Message
先知穆罕默德صلى الله عليه وسلم所带来的讯息在道德与智识上的伟大,本身就是其真实性的见证——这讯息即《古兰经》与《圣训》(即他的先知典范)。正如柏拉图在其超验价值三元论中所主张的,真、善、美是不可分割的。从这个意义上说,欣赏伊斯兰生活方式固有的纯洁与美,不仅会吸引我们接近其讯息,也印证了这位最后的先知作为真主所遣使者的合法性。此外,这一讯息与其他先知在根本信条上的一致,也能为穆罕默德ﷺ的先知身份作证。《旧约》主张,一位先知的教导正是揭示其真实身份的依据,并且警告说:即便某人能够预言未来,只要他号召人们崇拜其他神灵,他仍是一个假先知。
The moral and intellectual greatness of the message brought by the Prophet Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم —namely the Qur’an and Sunnah (his prophetic example)—testifies to its truth. As Plato famously argued in his triad of transcendental values, truth, beauty, and goodness are inseparable. In that sense, appreciating the inherent purity and beauty of the Islamic lifestyle not only attracts us to its message, but also confirms the legitimacy of its final prophet as a messenger from the Divine. The message can also vouch for the prophethood of Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم by way of its alignment with the message of other prophets on fundamental creedal points. The Old Testament argues that the teachings of a prophet are what reveal his true identity,165 and also warns that even if someone is able to predict the future, they are a still a false prophet if they call to worshipping other gods.
一个人也会惊叹于穆罕默德ﷺ在公元610至632年间短暂传教期间所留下的大量记载。《古兰经》和《圣训》不能与《圣经》相提并论,例如,后者并不仅仅包含摩西的教导,而是一部历经数百年才逐步形成的、综合性的历史经典。就其内容的品质和涵盖范围而言,先知ﷺ所传授的教导依然以其深刻而宝贵的特质而独树一帜。它界定了人与造物主的关系,界定了人与周围之人的关系,甚至界定了人与动物和无生命物体的关系,并为与个人及集体福祉相关的一切事务提供了历久弥新的智慧。