5.15 阿里镇压哈里吉派
5.15 Ali Suppressing the Khaarijites
在对这一动荡时期的另一则预言中,Abū Sa‘īd al-Khudrī 传述:先知ﷺ说:“穆斯林之间出现分裂之时,会有一伙持异见的人脱离出来,他们将被两派中更正确的一方所讨伐。”299
In another foretelling of this turbulent period, Abū Sa‘īd al-Khudrī narrates that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said, “A dissenting faction will splinter at a time of disunity between the Muslims, and they will be fought by the more correct of the two parties.”299
再次说明,在公元37年(回历37年)的纳赫拉万战役中,与哈瓦利justified叛乱者作战的是库法军(由阿里率领),而不是沙姆军(由穆阿维叶率领)。正因如此,阿里一方才是“更正确”、未越界的一方。 关于哈瓦利派的根源,先知ﷺ曾被一个名为Dhul Khuwayṣirah的伪信士指责不公正。先知ﷺ对那些想要惩罚此人侮辱行为的人说:“放过他吧。他的同伙必定会出现,你们会觉得自己的拜功与他们的拜功相比微不足道,自己的斋戒与他们的斋戒相比也微不足道。他们诵读《古兰经》,但它不会超过他们的喉咙〔到达心中〕。他们会脱离宗教,就像箭穿过猎物一样:人们看那箭头,看不到任何痕迹;看那缚住箭头与箭杆的绑线,也看不到任何痕迹;看那箭杆本身,同样看不到任何痕迹;看那箭羽,也看不到任何痕迹。箭却直穿过肠胃和血液。”
Again, it was the army of Kufa (led by ‘Alī), not Shām (led by Mu‘āwiyah), who fought the Khārijite rebels at Nahrawān in 37H, making them the “more correct” and non-transgressing party. Regarding the roots of the Khārijites, the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was once accused by a hypocrite known as Dhul Khuwayṣirah of inequity. The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم told those seeking to punish this man for his insult, “Leave him be. He will certainly have fellows who will cause you to belittle your own prayer when compared to their prayer, and his fasting compared to their fasting. They will recite the Qur’an, but it will not pass beyond their throats [to their hearts]. They will exit the religion as an arrow passes through a game animal, whereby one would look at the arrowhead and not see any traces on it; one would look at the binding which fastens the arrowhead to the rod and not see any traces on it; one would look at the rod itself and not see any traces on it; one would look at the feathers and not see any traces on them. It would go straight through the bowels and the blood.
"他们的标志将是一个黑人,其四肢看起来像女人的乳房,或者像一块畸形的肉块。他们将在民众分裂的时候出现。"叙述者艾卜·赛义德说:"我作证,我亲耳从安拉的使者ﷺ那里听到这段圣训,我作证,阿里·本·艾布·塔利卜与他们作战,而我当时就在他身边。他下令寻找这个人。最终他被找到并带到阿里面前,我看到那个人的样子,与先知ﷺ所描述的完全一致。"300
Their sign will be a black man whose limbs will appear like a woman’s breasts, or like a disfigured lump of flesh. They will emerge at a time when the people are disunited.” The narrator, Abū Sa‘īd , adds, “I testify that I heard this hadith directly from the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم, and I testify that ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib fought them, and that I was with him. He instructed that we search for this man. He was eventually found and brought to ‘Alī, and I saw that that man appeared exactly as the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم had described him.”300
《穆斯林圣训实录》(Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim),2:745 #1064。
299 Muslim, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 2:745 #1064.
300 al-Bukhārī,《伊玛目布哈里圣训集》(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī),4:200 #3610;Muslim,《穆斯林圣训集》(Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim),2:744 #1064。
300 al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, 4:200 #3610; Muslim, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 2:744 #1064.