5.14 Makomar ‘Ammār
5.14 The Fate Of ‘ammār
Abū Sa‘īd al-Khudrī ya ruwaito cewa, yayin da Musulmi ke gina masallaci a Madina, ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir yana ɗaukar tubali biyu a lokaci guda, alhali wasu suna ɗaukar ɗaya. Da Annabi ﷺ ya gan shi, sai ya fara share ƙurar jikin ‘Ammār da hannayensa, yana cewa: “Kaico ga ‘Ammār, za a kashe shi ta hannun ƙungiyar azzalumai! Zai riƙa kiran su zuwa Aljanna, su kuma za su riƙa kiran sa zuwa Wuta.” Ga wannan, ‘Ammār ya amsa da cewa: “Muna neman tsarin Allah daga fitintinu.”297 Shekaru talatin bayan wannan annabci, a lokacin yakin Ṣiffīn, sojojin Shām ne suka kashe ‘Ammār, waɗanda suka yi wa shugaban Musulmi, ‘Alī, tawaye, suna neman ɗaukar fansar halifa ‘Uthmān da aka kashe. Abin mamaki, sojojin Shām ba su yi iƙirarin cewa wannan hadisi an ƙirƙire shi ba, sai dai sun yi jayayya da cewa waɗanda suka kira shi zuwa yaƙi su ne “ƙungiyar azzalumai” da ke da alhakin mutuwarsa a ƙarshe.
Abū Sa‘īd al-Khudrī narrated that, as the Muslims were building the mosque in Madinah, ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir would carry two bricks at a time while others lifted one. When the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم saw him, he began wiping the dust off ‘Ammār with his hands and said, “Woe to ‘Ammār, who will be killed by the transgressing party! He will be inviting them to Paradise, and they will be inviting him to the Fire.” To that, ‘Ammār replied, “We seek refuge with Allah from the trials.”297 Three decades after that prophecy, when the Battle of Ṣiffīn took place, ‘Ammār was killed by the army of Shām who transgressed against the Muslim ruler, ‘Alī, while seeking to avenge the murdered caliph, ‘Uthmān. Interestingly, the army of Shām did not claim that this hadith had been fabricated, but rather argued that those who called him to fight were the “transgressing party” ultimately responsible for his death.
Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa jabun hadisi bai taɓa shiga zukatan Sahabbai ba, don haka ba su taɓa tambayar sahihancin annabcin ba, sai dai sun bambanta ne kawai a kan yadda za a fassara shi. A ƙarshe, kafin Yaƙin Ṣiffīn, an miƙa wa ‘Ammār wani madara, wanda ya sa ya yi murmushi. Ya ce, “Manzon Allah ﷺ ya gaya mini cewa abu na ƙarshe da zan sha kafin mutuwata shi ne madara.”298 Sai ya tashi ya cika alƙawarin Annabinsa ﷺ, ya yi yaƙi har ya mutu.
This substantiates that forging hadith was unfathomable by the Companions, and thus, they did not question the authenticity of the prophecy and only differed on how to interpret it. Finally, moments before the Battle of Ṣiffīn, some milk was passed to ‘Ammār which caused him to smile. He said, “The Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم told me that the last thing I would drink before dying would be some milk.”298 Then he rose to meet the promise of his Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم and fought until his death.
297 al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, 1:97 #337.
297 al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, 1:97 #337.
ʿAmmār ya kasance “yana kiran su zuwa Wuta” ne saboda ya yi imani da gaskiya cewa tsayuwa tare da shugaban Musulmi wajibi ne, don haka barin ʿAlī zai zama tawaye mai zunubi. Amma game da waɗanda suka yi imani da wani abu dabam da gaskiya, matsayin Ahlus-Sunna na hukuma shi ne cewa sun yi kuskure yayin neman gaskiya, saboda haka ba su yi zunubi ba. Wasu malamai, kamar Ibn Baṭṭāl, sun ce “za su kasance suna kiran sa zuwa Wuta” ba ya nufin ɗayan rundunar ba, sai dai Khawarijawa waɗanda ʿAlī ya aika ʿAmmār wajensu a matsayin jakada da mai sasantawa. Su ne kuma ’yan tawayen da suka tsokani rundunar ʿAlī har ta ƙarshe ta ɗauki makamai a kansu a Ṣiffīn.
‘Ammār was “invited by them to the Fire” because he rightfully believed that standing by the Muslim ruler was mandatory, and hence abandoning ‘Alī would have been sinful rebellion. As for those who sincerely believed otherwise, the official Sunni position is that they were mistaken while pursuing the truth and therefore not sinful. Some scholars, like Ibn Baṭṭ āl, held that “they will be inviting him to the Fire” does not refer to the other army, but rather to the Khārijites to whom ‘Alī sent ‘Ammār as an ambassador and negotiator. They were also the same rebels who provoked the army of ‘Alī to eventually raise arms against them at Ṣiffīn.
298 Ibn Ḥanbal, Musnad Aḥmad, 31:178 #18883; al-Arna’ūṭ ya inganta shi a cikin sharhinsa.
298 Ibn Ḥanbal, Musnad Aḥmad, 31:178 #18883; authenticated by al-Arna’ūṭ in the comments.