4.7 Spirtli ichimliklarni iste'mol qilishning taqiqlanishi - Oxirgi Payg'ambar | Quran Course

4.7 Spirtli ichimliklarni iste'mol qilishning taqiqlanishi - Oxirgi Payg'ambar | Quran Course

ustalar ko'p tarmoqli kampaniyani amalga oshirdi: unga hukumat tashabbusdagi guruhlari, Gollivud, professional sport ligalari, yirik korporatsiyalar jalb qilingan, hatto pivo va spirtli ichimliklar ishlab chiqaruvchi kompaniyalarning o'zlari tayyorlagan ijtimoiy reklama roliklari ham bo'lgan. Gap tugagach, ma'lum bo'ldiki, bu kampaniya noto'g'ri nishonga qaratilgan edi. Uch o'n yil o'tdi, lekin spirtli ichimlik ta'sirida yuz beradigan avtomobil avariyalarini 50 foizga kamaytirish hanuzgacha amalga oshmadi. 2016 yilda Qo'shma Shtatlarda spirtli ichimlik ta'sirida haydash natijasida sodir bo'lgan avariyalarda 10 000 dan ortiq kishi halok bo'ldi, bu barcha yo'l-transport o'limlarining 28 foizini tashkil etadi. Hatto kattalar orasida ham ko'pincha og'zaki bo'lmagan tengdoshlar bosimi mavjud, shuningdek, ichayotganlar orasida o'tirib, ixtiyoriy ravishda hushyor qoladiganlarni aniqlash ham qiyin. Shu sababli bu umidlar muammoni to'liq hal qilish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lmagan. Agar bu masalada Payg'ambar ﷺ ko'rsatmalariga murojaat qilsak, u zotning ta'limotiga ko'ra, spirtli ichimlikni butunlay taqiqlash bilan kifoyalanish yetarli emas, chunki odamni "yengil ichish" degan xavfli yo'ldan to'xtatish uchun shu bilan birga, sharob ichishga bo'lgan yaqinlikni ham bartaraf etish kerak.

using massive networks that spanned government advocacy groups, Hollywood, professional sports leagues, major corporations, and even had public service announcements prepared by the brewing and distilling companies themselves. When the dust cleared, it turned out that this campaign was focused on the wrong target. Three decades later, a 50% decline in motor vehicle crashes caused by alcohol-impairment has still not been achieved.222 Over 10,000 people in the United States were killed in 2016 by alcohol-impaired driving crashes, 28% of all traffic deaths.223 With nonverbal peer-pressure being a reality even for adults, along with the bother of identifying who will voluntarily remain sober while socializing with those actively drinking, this wishful thinking never had the potential to fully combat the problem. If we turn to the guidance of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم on this issue, he taught that it was not enough to prohibit people from embarking on the slippery slope of “light drinking” through a zero-tolerance policy on alcohol consumption.

Yo‘l-transport o‘limidan tashqari, spirtli ichimliklarni iste'mol qilishning sog‘liq uchun xavflari juda keng bo‘lib, insonning deyarli barcha tizimlari va a'zolarini qamrab oladi. Uning eng og‘ir zaharlilik ko‘rinishlari miya shikastlanishi va jigar yetishmovchiligi bilan bog‘liq.226 Homiladorlik paytida spirtli ichimlik iste'mol qilish yana bir epidemiyadir, chunki spirt rivojlanayotgan homila uchun shu qadar zaharlidirki. Homila spirt sindromi Amerika Qo‘shma Shtatlarida oldini olish mumkin bo‘lgan aqliy nogironlikning yetakchi sababi bo‘lib qolmoqda, shuningdek, bir qator boshqa klinik ko‘rinishlarga ham ega.227 Spirtning bevosita zaharliligidan tashqari, u keltirib chiqaradigan nuqsonlarning zararli oqibatlari spirtli ichimlik iste'moli bilan ish unumdorligining pasayishi, shuningdek, OITS yuqishi, halokatli baxtsiz hodisalar, zo‘ravonlik va suiiste'mol qilish holatlarining ko‘payishi o‘rtasidagi aniqlangan bog‘liqlikda namoyon bo‘ladi.228 Mast qiluvchi moddalar keltirib chiqaradigan adovatga ishora qilib, Alloh Qur'onda insoniyatni ogohlantiradi: {Shayton mast qiluvchi ichimliklar va qimor orqali o‘rtangizda adovat va nafrat solishni, sizni Alloh zikridan va namozdan to‘sishni istaydi. Endi bas qilmaysizmi?}229

Aside from traffic deaths, the health risks associated with alcohol consumption are vast, involving virtually every system and organ in the human body. The most severe examples of its toxicity involve brain damage and liver failure.226 Consuming alcohol while pregnant is another epidemic, due to alcohol being so toxic to a developing fetus. Fetal alcohol syndrome remains the leading cause of preventable intellectual disability in the United States along with a variety of other clinical manifestations.227 In addition to alcohol’s direct toxicity, the detrimental consequences of the impairments it causes are found in the established correlation between alcohol consumption and reductions in workplace productivity, along with increases in HIV transmission, lethal accidents, violence, and abuse.228 Alluding to the aggressions triggered by intoxicants, Allah cautions humanity in the Qur’an, Satan only wants to stir between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling, and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist? 229

220 Qur’on 5:90, muallifning tarjimasi.

220 The Qur’an 5:90, author’s translation.

Abu Dovud, Sunan Abi Dovud, 3:327 #3681.

221 Abū Dāwūd, Sunan Abī Dāwūd, 3:327 #3681.

222 Editorial Staff, “Using a Designated Driver,” American Addiction Centers, December 12th, 2019.

222 Editorial Staff, “Using a Designated Driver,” American Addiction Centers, December 12th, 2019.

223 “Traffic Safety Facts: 2016 Data.” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, January 2018.

223 “Traffic Safety Facts: 2016 Data.” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, January 2018.

al-Termiziy, Sunan at-Termiziy, 4:410 #2801.

224 al-Tirmidhī, Sunan al-Tirmidhī, 4:410 #2801.

225 al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, 6:185 #4993.

225 al-Bukhārī, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, 6:185 #4993.

226 “Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2014.” Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti (JSST), 2014.

226 “Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health 2014.” World Health Organization (WHO), 2014.

227 Leo Sher, Isack Kandel va Joav Merrick. Spirtli ichimliklar bilan bog'liq idrok buzilishlari:

227 Leo Sher, Isack Kandel, and Joav Merrick. Alcohol-related Cognitive Disorders:

Research and Clinical Perspectives (New York: Nova Science, 2009), 5.

Research and Clinical Perspectives (New York: Nova Science, 2009), 5.

Howard B. Moss HB, "Alkogolning jamiyatga ta'siri: qisqacha sharh." Social Work in Public Health, 28:3-4 (2013), 175-177.

228 Howard B. Moss HB, “The Impact of Alcohol on Society: A Brief Overview.” Social Work in Public Health, 28:3-4 (2013), 175-177.

229 Qur’on 5:91, Saheeh International tarjimasi.

229 The Qur’an 5:91, Saheeh International Translation.

230 Marissa B. Esser, et al. "Deaths and Years of Potential Life Lost From Excessive Alcohol Use: United States, 2011–2015," Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

230 Marissa B. Esser, et al. “Deaths and Years of Potential Life Lost From Excessive Alcohol Use: United States, 2011–2015,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

69(30) (2020): 981-987.

69(30) (2020): 981-987.

231 GBD 2016 Alcohol Collaborators, "Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016," The Lancet, 22; 392(10152) (September 2018):1015-1035.

231 GBD 2016 Alcohol Collaborators, “Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016,” The Lancet, 22; 392(10152) (September 2018):1015-1035.

232 Qur'on 2:219, Saheeh International tarjimasi.

232 The Qur’an 2:219, Saheeh International Translation.

233 Avstraliyaning mahalliy aholisi (aborigenlar) bugungi kunda Islomni shunchalik katta miqdorda qabul qilishlarining eng katta turtkisi sifatida ko'pincha aynan shu sababni keltiradilar. Quyidagi hujjatli filmga qarang: "Aborigines Choosing Islam [Motion Picture]", Avstraliya teleradioeshittirish korporatsiyasi (ABC), 2010-yil 14-noyabrda efirga uzatilgan.

233 The Aborigines of Australia, for instance, often cite this reason as their greatest impetus for choosing Islam in such large numbers nowadays. See the documentary film: “Aborigines Choosing Islam [Motion Picture],” Australian Broadcasting Corporation, aired on November 14th, 2010.