Noma ta ƙasa ba ɗaya take da bayar da ƙasa daga Gwamnati ba. Bambancin da ke tsakaninsu shi ne noma yana shafar ƙasar mara rai wadda babu wata alamar mallaka a kanta. Babu alamun shinge, shuka, gini ko makamantansu. Noman irin wannan ƙasa yana nufin mazaunar da ita da duk wani abu da ke nuna zama.
Bayar da ƙasa kuwa, ita ce bayar da ƙasar da ake zaune a cikinta kuma ta dace da noma nan take. Wannan ƙasa tana nuna alamun mallaka a baya. Yin shinge a kan ƙasa yana kama da nomanta. Wannan ya faru ne saboda faɗin Manzon Allah ﷺ: "Duk wanda ya yi shinge da bango a kan wata ƙasa, to ta zama tasa", da kuma faɗinsa ﷺ: "Duk wanda ya yi shinge da bango a kan wani abu, to ya zama nasa ta hakan." Haka kuma faɗinsa ﷺ: "Duk wanda ya riski wani abu da babu wani Musulmi da ya riske shi a gabansa, to shi ya fi cancanta da shi."
Ta hanyar shinge, mai shingen yana samun haƙƙin yin tasarrufi a kan ƙasar, kamar yadda Hadisin ya bayyana. Haka nan mai shingen yana da haƙƙin hana duk wanda yake so daga noman abin da ya yi wa shinge. Idan wani ya rinjayi shi, ya zauna a ƙasar da ya yi wa shinge, ba zai mallaki ƙasar ba, kuma za a mayar da ita ga mai shingen na asali.
Shinge kuma yana kama da noma dangane da tasarrufi a kan ƙasar da mallakarta. Idan mutumin da ya yi shinge a kan ƙasa daga baya ya sayar da ita, to shi ne yake mallakar kuɗin farashinta, domin ƙasa haƙƙi ne da za a iya biya da dukiya, don haka ana iya musayarta. Idan wannan mutum ya rasu, mallakar wannan ƙasa da aka yi wa shinge tana komawa ga magadansa kamar sauran dukiyarsa, kuma suna samun haƙƙin tasarrufi a kanta, ana raba ta a tsakaninsu bisa ƙa'idojin Allah kamar sauran dukiyoyin gado.
Sai dai yin shinge a kan ƙasa ba yana nufin kawai a jera duwatsu a kewayenta ba, a'a, yana nufin sanya duk wani abu a kewayenta wanda ke nuna riƙe ƙasar da hannu, wanda ke nuna mallaka. Ana iya shinge ƙasa ta hanyar sanya duwatsu a kewayenta, ko sanya busassun rassan itace, ko share ta, ko kona ciyawar ƙaya, ko yanke ƙayoyi da ciyawa, ko sanya wasu irin waɗannan abubuwa a kewayenta don hana mutane shiga cikinta. Haka kuma ana iya shinge ta ta hanyar shirya magudanan ruwa, koda kuwa ba a shayar da ita da su ba, ko kuma duk wani abu makamancin haka.
Cultivation is a different matter to the State granting of land. The difference between them is that the cultivation is related to the dead land upon which there is no apparent ownership. There are no signs of fencing, planting, building or the like. Cultivation of such land means to populate it with anything that indicates inhabitation. The granting of land however, is giving of the land that is inhabited and is suitable for farming immediately. This is the land that shows signs of previous ownership. Fencing the land is similar to its cultivation. This is due to the saying of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), “Whosoever fenced a land with a wall then it becomes his” and his (pbuh) saying, “Whosoever fenced anything with a wall, it becomes his thereby.” Also his (pbuh) saying, “Whosoever reached a thing first that no other Muslim reached before, He deserves it more.” Thus by fencing, the fencer gains the right of disposal of the land as the Hadith stated. The fencer also has the right to prevent anyone who wanted to from cultivating that which He has fenced. If another person overpowered Him and managed to inhabit the land that He had fenced, He would not own that land and it would be returned back to the original fencer. Fencing is also like cultivation with regard to the disposal of the land and possession of it. If the person who fenced a land later sold it He owns its price, because the land is a right that can be recompensed with property, so it can be exchanged. If this person died, the ownership of this fenced land is transferred to his inheritors like any other of his properties and they gain the right of disposal over it and it is divided amongst them according to the divine rules like other inherited properties. However, fencing a land does not mean just putting stones around it, it is rather putting anything around it which indicates holding a hand over it, which indicates ownership. Fencing could be by placing stones around the land, putting dry branches, clearing it, burning the thistles, cutting the spikes and grass, or placing other such items around it to prevent people entering it. It could also be by preparing the canals even if one did not irrigate it, or any other similar thing.