4 Hanyar Farko ta Mallakar Dukiya - Aiki
4 The First Means of Ownership - Work
Idan aka duba sosai kowace dukiya, ko tana wanzuwa ta halitta, kamar naman kaza, ko kuma ta wanzu ta hanyar aikin mutum, kamar burodi ko mota, a bayyane yake cewa samunta yana bukatar aiki.
Close examination of any of the property assets, whether they exist naturally, like a mushroom or whether they exist by man’s effort, such as a loaf or a car, clearly suggests that their acquisition requires work.
Kalmar ’Amal (aiki) tana da ma'ana mai faɗi, wadda ta ƙunshi nau'o'i da siffofi masu yawa, kuma tana da sakamako daban-daban. Saboda haka, Shari'a (dokar Allah) ba ta bar kalmar ’Amal a cikin ma'anarta ta gabaɗaya ba tare da bayani ba. Haka kuma ba ta bayyana ’Amal a cikin sigar gama-gari ba, sai dai ta ambaci wasu takamaiman siffofin aiki. Ta nuna nau'o'in aiki da waɗanda ake karɓa a matsayin hanyoyin mallaka. Idan aka duba hukunce-hukuncen Allah da ke bayyana aiki, a bayyane yake cewa nau'o'in aikin shari'a, waɗanda suke hanyar halal ta mallakar dukiya, sune kamar haka:
The term ’Amal (work) has a wide meaning encompassing numerous types and forms and has various results, therefore the Shar’a (divine legislation) did not leave the word ‘Amal in its absolute form without definition. It also did not define ‘Amal in a general form but mentioned certain specific forms of work. It demonstrated the types of work and those that are accepted to be means of ownership. By examining the divine rules that describe work, it appears that the types of legal work, which are a valid means of possessing property, are the following:
1. Noma ƙasar da ba a amfani da ita (ƙasar matattu).
1. Cultivation of unused (dead) land.
2. Fitar da abin da ke cikin ƙasa, ko a cikin iska.
2. Extracting that which exists inside the earth, or in the air.
3. Farauta.
3. Hunting.
4. Dillanci (Samsara) da Wakilcin Kwamisho (Dalala).
4. Brokerage (Samsara) and Commission Agency (Dalala).
5. Haɗin gwiwar jiki da jari (Mudharaba).
5. Partnership of body and capital (Mudharaba).
6. Musaqat (Ba da gonar gona a yi noma da rabon amfanin gona).
6. Sharecropping (Musaqat).
7. Aiki ga wasu don samun albashi.
7. Working for others for a wage.