5.6 Hukuncin Yin Hayar Mutum Don Amfani Da Abubuwan Da Aka Haramta - Tsarin Tattalin Arziki na Musulunci | Quran Course

5.6 Hukuncin Yin Hayar Mutum Don Amfani Da Abubuwan Da Aka Haramta - Tsarin Tattalin Arziki na Musulunci | Quran Course

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5.6 Hukuncin Yin Hayar Mutum Don Amfani Da Abubuwan Da Aka Haramta

5.6 The Ruling Regarding Hiring Over Prohibited Benefits

by Taqiuddin an-Nabhani1 min readViewed 89 times

Domin ijarar ta zama halal, dole ne amfanin aikin ya zama mai halal ne ta fuskar asali. Saboda haka, kada a ɗauki ma'aikaci don yin abin da aka haramta. Bisa haka, kada a ɗauki ma'aikaci don ɗaukar giya zuwa ga wanda zai saye ta, ko don matse ta. Haka nan kada a ɗauke shi don ɗaukar alade ko gawa. At-Tirmidhi ya ruwaito daga Anas ibn Malik, ya ce: "Manzon Allah ﷺ ya la'anci mutane goma game da giya: wanda ya matse ta, wanda aka matsa wa, wanda ya sha ta, wanda ya ɗauke ta, wanda aka ɗauka wa, wanda ya zuba ta, wanda ya sayar da ita, wanda aka sayar wa, wanda ya saya, da wanda aka saya wa." Haka kuma ba a yarda da ɗaukar aiki a duk wani aikin riba ba, domin hakan ijara ce a kan amfani da aka haramta. Haka nan, Ibn Majah ya ruwaito daga Ibn Mas'ud cewa Manzon Allah ﷺ ya la'anci mai karɓar riba, wakilinsa, shaidun biyu, da marubucinsa. Ya zama wajibi a bincika ma'aikatan bankuna da sassan buga kuɗi da dukkan ƙungiyoyin da ke harkar riba. Idan aikin da aka ɗauke su su yi wani ɓangare ne na aikin riba, ko riba ta fito ne daga wannan aiki kaɗai, ko kuma tana fitowa daga wannan aiki tare da wasu, to Musulmi an hana shi yin irin wannan aiki. Wannan ya haɗa da manaja, da masu lissafi, da masu duba hisabi, da duk wani aiki da ke ba da amfani mai alaƙa da riba, kai tsaye ko a kaikaice. Amma ayyukan da ba su da alaƙa da riba kai tsaye ko a kaikaice, kamar mai ɗaukar kaya, mai tsaro, mai tsaftacewa da makamantansu, waɗannan ayyuka halal ne, domin irin wannan aiki ijara ce a kan amfani halal, kuma abin da ya shafi marubucin riba da shaidunta ba ya shafar su. Haka ma ma'aikatan bankuna suke, akwai ma'aikatan gwamnati da ke shiga cikin harkokin riba, kamar ma'aikatan da ke shirya lamuni masu ruwa ga manoma, da ma'aikatan Baitul Mali da ke aiki a harkokin riba, da ma'aikatan sashen marayu da ke ba da dukiya a matsayin lamuni mai riba. Duk wadannan ayyuka haramun ne; duk wanda ya shiga cikinsu yana aikata babban zunubi, domin hukuncin ya shafe shi tun da shi ne mai rubutu ko mai shaida ga riba. Haka nan, haramun ne ga Musulmi ya tsunduma cikin duk wani aiki da Allah (SWT) ya haramta.

In order that hiring be legally valid, the benefit must be permitted (Halal) in nature. So the employee should not be hired for doing something which is prohibited. Accordingly a worker should not be hired to carry alcohol to one who buys it, or to press it. Nor should He be hired to carry pigs or carrion. At-Tirmidhi narrated from Anas ibn Malik, who said: “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) cursed ten types of people regarding alcohol: its presser, the one who asks for it to be pressed, its drinker, its carrier, the one to whom it is carried, the one who serves it, its seller, the one for whom it is sold, its purchaser and the one for whom it is purchased.” Hiring is also not allowed over any work of usury, because it is a hiring over a prohibited benefit, and because ibn Majah narrated from ibn Mas’oud that the Prophet (pbuh) (pbuh) cursed the one who takes usury, his agent, its two witnesses and its recorder (clerk). The employees of banks and coinage (minting) departments and all the organisations that deal with usury have to be examined. If the work they were hired to do is a part of the usury work, whether the usury is the product of that work exclusively, or whether it is produced by that work along with others, Muslims are prohibited to perform such works. This includes the manager, accountants and auditors and every work that provides a benefit connected with usury, directly or indirectly. But the works that are not connected with usury directly or indirectly, such as the porter, the guard, the cleaner and the like, these works are allowed, because such work is hiring on an allowed benefit, and because what applies on the recorder and the witnesses of usury, does not apply to them. Similar to the employees of banks are government employees who are involved in deals with usury, such as employees who work in preparing loans with interest to farmers, and Treasury employees who are involved in usury works, and the employees of the orphans departments which lend property with interest. All these are prohibited jobs; anyone who is involved with them is committing a great sin, because it applies to Him since He is the recorder or the one who witnesses usury. Similarly it is prohibited upon a Muslim to engage in any work prohibited by Allah (swt).

Dangane da aikin da riba ko hadin-gwiwa a cikinsa ba ta halatta ba saboda ba shi da inganci a shari'a, kamar kamfanonin inshora, kamfanonin hannun jari da kungiyoyin hadin-gwiwa da makamantansu, dole ne a bincika su. Idan aikin da ma'aikaci ke yi haramun ne, ko yana cikin kwangila maras inganci (Batil) ko kwangila mara cikakken inganci (Fasid), ko kuma yana samuwa daga irin wadannan, to Musulmi ba ya halatta ya yi shi, domin Musulmi ba ya halatta ya mu'amala da kwangiloli maras inganci ko maras cikakken inganci ko ayyukan da suke fitowa daga gare su. Ba ya halatta ya mu'amala da duk wata kwangila ko aiki da ya saba wa Hukuncin Shari'a (hukuncin Allah), don haka haramun ne a dauke shi aiki domin ya shiga cikinsu. Misali, ma'aikacin da ke rubuta kwangilolin inshora alhali yana ki da su, ko wanda ke tattaunawa kan sharuddan inshora, ko wanda ke karbar inshora. Haka ma yake ga ma'aikacin da ke raba ribar kungiyoyin hadin-gwiwa gwargwadon hannun jarin mambobi, da ma'aikacin da ke sayar da hannun jarin kamfani ko ke aiki a lissafin asusun hannun jari, da kuma ma'aikacin da ke tallata kungiyoyin hadin-gwiwa da makamantansu. Duk ma'aikatan kamfanoni wadanda aikinsu halal ne a shari'a, to ana halatta a dauke su aiki a irin wadannan mukamai.

With regard to the work, whose profit or association in it, is prohibited because it is legally invalid such as insurance companies, share holding companies and co-operative associations and the like, they have to be examined. If the work that the employee performs is illegal, or it is of an invalid (Batil) or defective (Fasid) contract, or results from them, a Muslim is not allowed to handle it, because a Muslim is not allowed to deal with invalid or defective contracts or with the actions which result from them. He is not allowed to deal with any contract or action which disagrees with the Hukm Shar’i (divine rule), so it is prohibited for Him to be hired for involving in them. This is like the employee who records insurance contracts though He dislikes them, the one who negotiates the insurance terms, or the one who accepts the insurance. Similarly is the case of the employee who distributes the profit of the co-operative associations according to the member holdings, the employee who sells company shares or who works in share stock accounting, and also the employee who advertises for the co-operative associations and the like. All employees of companies, whose work is legally allowed to be performed, are allowed to be employed in such positions.