Wata hanyar mallakar dukiya kuma ita ce gado, wadda aka kafa ta da nassi tabbatacce (Qat'i) daga Alkur'ani, kuma tana da wasu ƙa'idodi na zahiri da ba sa karɓar hujja ta tunani. Ko da yake Alkur'ani ya bayyana cikakkun bayanan gado, waɗannan cikakkun ƙa'idodi jagorori ne na gaba ɗaya. Allah (SWT) ya ce,

Another means of property ownership is inheritance, which is established by the definite (Qat’i) text of the Qur’an, and it has certain literal rules which are not subject to reasoning. Although the Qur’an has stated the details of inheritance, these detailed rules are general guidelines. Allah (swt) says,

"Game da (gadon) ga 'ya'yanku: ga namiji akwai daidai da rabon mata biyu, kuma idan sun kasance mata fiye da biyu, to nasu shi ne biyu bisa uku na gadon." [An-Nisa: 11] Mun fahimci dokoki da yawa daga maganarSa. Mun fahimci cewa ɗan namiji yana karɓar ninki biyu na abin da ɗiyar mace take karɓa. Mun kuma fahimci cewa ɗan ɗa yana a matsayin ɗa idan babu 'ya'ya (masu rai), domin 'ya'yan ɗa (namiji) suna cikin kalmar 'ya'ya.' Wannan ya sha bamban da 'ya'yan 'ya mace, waɗanda ba a bi da su kamar 'ya'yan ɗa ba idan babu 'ya'ya (masu rai). Domin 'ya'yan 'ya mace ba a haɗa su a harshe cikin kalmar 'ya'ya ba. Mun kuma fahimci cewa idan 'ya'yan mata ne, kuma sun fi biyu yawa, to suna rabon biyu bisa uku na gadon. Annabi ﷺ ya ba mata biyu rabon daidai da waɗanda suka fi biyu, kuma Sahabbai (ra) sun yi ijma'i a kan haka. Don haka dokar mata biyu ita ce dokar mata fiye da biyu. Waɗannan dokoki an fahimce su ne daga ma'anar gaba ɗaya ta ayar. Bisa ga waɗannan dokoki, mai gado yana cancanci rabonsa na gado. Don haka, ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin mallakar dukiya shi ne gado bisa ga ƙa'idodinsa, waɗanda aka bayyana su dalla-dalla a cikin Alkur'ani, Sunnah da ijma'in Sahabbai (ra).

“Concerning (the inheritance) for your children: to the male is the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if they (children) were women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance.” [An-Nisa: 11] We understand many rules from His speech. We understand that the male child takes double that which the female child takes. We also understand that the child of the son is treated as the child in cases where there are no (living) children, because the children of the male child (son) are included in the word ‘children.’ This is contrary to the children of the daughter, who are not treated like the children of the son where there are no (living) children. Because the children of the daughter are not included linguistically in the word ‘children.’We understand also that if the children were females, and more than two in number, then they share in twothirds of the inheritance. The Prophet (pbuh) made for the two females a portion equivalent to those who are more than two, and the Sahabah (companions) (ra) made Ijma’a (consensus) on that matter. So the rule in regard to the two females is the same rule for more than two females. These rules have been understood from the general meaning of the verse. According to these rules, the inheritor deserves his portion of the inheritance. Thus, one of the means of property ownership is the inheritance according to its rules, which are detailed in the Qur’an, Sunnah and the Ijma’a of the Sahabah (ra).

Gadon dukiya yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake raba dukiya ta hanyar. Duk da cewa raba dukiyar ba ita ce ʿIllah (dalili) na gado ba, a maimakon haka, tabbatuwarsa ce ke bayyana hakikaninsa. Da zarar an halatta mallakar dukiya, sai ta iya taruwa a hannun wasu mutane kaɗan a lokacin rayuwarsu. Domin kada irin wannan tarin dukiya ya ci gaba bayan mutuwarsu, to wajibi ne a sami hanyar raba dukiyar tsakanin mutane. A zahirin abin da ake gani, gado shi ne hanyar raba wannan dukiya ta hanyar halitta. Ta hanyar bincike, a bayyane yake cewa akwai nau'o'i uku na gado wanda ta hanyarsa ake raba dukiya:

Inheritance is one of the means by which the wealth is broken up; though the breaking up of the wealth is not an Illah (reason) for the inheritance, rather it is a manifestation of its reality. Once the wealth has been allowed to be possessed, it may then accumulate in the hands of a few individuals during their life. In order that such accumulation of wealth does not continue after their death, it is then necessary to have a means to divide the wealth amongst the people. It is observed in reality that the inheritance is the means of dividing this wealth naturally. Through examination, it is apparent that there are three cases of inheritance by which the wealth is broken up:

a. Hali na farko shi ne lokacin da magada suka karɓi dukkan gādo bisa ga dokokin gāji, inda ake raba dukkan dukiya a tsakaninsu.

a. The first case is when the inheritors take the whole inheritance according to the laws of inheritance, whereby all the wealth is distributed amongst them.

b. Hali na biyu shi ne idan babu magada da za su gaji dukiyar gaba ɗaya bisa ƙa'idojin gado. Misali irin wannan shi ne idan miji ya rasu bai bar kowa ba sai mata, ko mace ta rasu ba ta bar kowa ba sai miji. A irin waɗannan yanayi, mata tana gadon kwata kawai na dukiyar, miji kuma yana gadon rabin dukiyar kawai, sauran dukiyar a bangarorin biyu tana komawa ga Bait ul-Mal.

b. The second case is when there are no inheritors who are entitled to take the whole property according to the rules of inheritance. Such a case would be if a husband died leaving behind only a wife or a wife died leaving behind only a husband. In such instances the wife takes only a quarter of the inheritance, and the husband takes only half of the property, while the rest of the inheritance in both cases is left to the Bait ul-Mal.

c. Hali na uku shi ne idan babu wanda zai gāji ko kaɗan, a irin wannan hali dukiyar gaba ɗaya ana mayar da ita Baitul-Mali, wato ana barin ta ga Gwamnati.

c. The third case is that when there is absolutely no inheritor at all, and in this case the whole property is put in the Bait ul-Mal, in other words it is left to the State.

Ta haka ne dukiya ke rabuwa, kuma mallaka ke komawa ga magada, inda musayar dukiya ke ci gaba a cikin zagayen tattalin arziki tsakanin mutane. Ba a barin dukiya a hannun wani mutum na musamman inda dukiya za ta taru.

The wealth is thus broken up and the property is transferred to the inheritors, where the exchange of the property resumes in an economic cycle amongst the people. The property is not kept in the hands of a particular person where the wealth accumulates.

Gado hanya ce ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin mallakar dukiya bisa doka, saboda duk wanda ya gaji wani abu yana mallakarsa bisa doka. Don haka gado yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin mallakar dukiya, waɗanda Shari'ar Musulunci ta halatta.

Inheritance is a legal means of property ownership, so anybody who inherits a thing owns it legally. Thus the inheritance is one of the means of property ownership, which the Islamic Shari’ah has permitted.