先知ﷺ说:"使人进入火狱最多的是:口与下体。"7 他ﷺ还说:"穆斯林男子的血是不被允许流的(除非)因以下三种情况之一:已成年的通奸者(已婚或曾经结过婚)、因杀人而被判以命偿命的人,以及背弃宗教、脱离集体的人。"1 这段圣训将通奸与以物配主和杀人相提并论,其语境与《古兰经》盖世尔章第68节以及伊本·麦斯欧德的圣训相似。在上述圣训中,先知ﷺ按照发生频率的顺序提及这些事:通奸比杀人更常发生,杀人又比叛教更常发生。先知ﷺ也由较大的罪过说到最大的罪过。通奸的后果对人类的福祉而言是邪恶的。妇女通奸时,会在人前使丈夫、家人和亲属蒙羞。如果她怀孕并杀死孩子,那就是把通奸与杀人结合在一起;如果她设法把通奸所生的孩子归于丈夫名下,那么这孩子就会以陌生人的身份进入其家族,继承他们的遗产,却又不是他们中的一员,并且在与自己并无血缘关系的家族女性或男性独处。至于男子通奸,同样会导致血缘混乱,并侵犯女子的贞洁,使她遭受各种恶果。通奸的一些特征是:它招致贫困,缩短(真正的)寿命,使通奸者的面容变黑,并使他在人们中间遭人鄙视。通奸以忧虑、焦虑和恐惧腐蚀人心。它使通奸者远离天使,使他亲近恶魔。没有比通奸更大的恶果,除了杀害(无辜者)。 正因如此,伊斯兰教规定对已成年的通奸者处以死刑,而且是残酷的刑罚。若有人被告知他的妻子犯了谋杀罪,他会比得知妻子犯了通奸罪更容易接受。撒德·本·欧巴达 ~ 说:"如果我看见一个男人与我的妻子在一起,我会用剑刃砍他(斩首)。"这话传到了安拉的使者 ﷺ 那里,他说:"你们惊讶于撒德的护爱(ghaira)。以安拉起誓,我的护爱比他更多,安拉的护爱比我更多。正因安拉的护爱,祂使可耻的行为和罪恶(如非法的性行为等),无论公开还是隐秘地做出,都成为非法的。"2 先知 ﷺ 说:"安拉有护爱,每当信士做了安拉所禁止的事,安拉的护爱就会被激起。"3 先知 ﷺ 还说:"没有谁的护爱(自尊)比安拉更多,因此祂禁止可耻的罪恶(如非法的性行为等),无论是公开还是隐秘地做出;也没有谁比安拉更喜欢人们向祂悔罪并祈求祂的宽恕,正因如此,祂派遣了警告者和报喜者;也没有谁比安拉更喜欢被赞颂,因此祂赞颂自己。"先知 ﷺ 在举行日食拜(Salat Al-Kusuf)时讲话说:"穆罕默德的民众啊!没有谁的护爱比安拉更多,所以祂禁止祂的男仆行非法的性行为,也禁止祂的女仆行非法的性行为。穆罕默德的民众啊!如果你们知道我所知道的,你们就会少笑多哭!"1 日食拜讲道中提及这一大罪,对于深思者而言极有道理。 诚然,通奸的蔓延是这个世界毁灭的迹象之一,也是末日的迹象之一,正如两部《圣训真本》(布哈里圣训集和穆斯林圣训集)中所载:安斯·本·马立克(愿主喜悦之)说:"我将为你们叙述一段圣训,此后将不会有人再向你们转述,这是我从先知ﷺ那里听到的。我听见真主的使者ﷺ说:'末日的迹象包括:伊斯兰知识的减少、无知的普遍、饮酒的盛行、通奸的蔓延,以及男性的短缺和女性的增多,以至于五十个女人由一个男人来照料。'" 真主(至高无上)为其创造物所设定的常规是:通奸的盛行会招致祂的震怒,而祂的惩罚必然会降临大地。阿卜杜拉·本·麦斯欧德(愿主喜悦之)说:"每当高利贷和通奸在一个群体中盛行时,真主(至高无上)便命令将其毁灭。" 真主(至高无上)为通奸的惩罚规定了三项条件:第一,对已婚通奸者处以最残酷的死刑,并以鞭刑(八十下)作为肉体惩罚,以及流放一年作为精神惩罚。第二,真主(至高无上)禁止祂的仆人对通奸者产生怜悯,因为这种怜悯会妨碍对他们执行所规定的刑罚。真主(至高无上)比祂的仆人更加仁慈,但祂的仁慈并未阻止祂为通奸者规定这样的刑罚。因此,祂的仆人不应屈从于内心的怜悯而废除这一刑罚。第三,真主(至高无上)命令公开执行刑罚,在信士们面前进行,以使他人引以为戒,在犯下这种恶劣的非法行为之前三思而行。已婚通奸者的惩罚,源自真主(至高无上)为鲁特(罗得)的民所设定的惩罚(即……)。 因为通奸和同性恋都是非法的性行为。它们都会带来邪恶的后果,与安拉在创造与命令中的智慧相违背。同性恋的邪恶后果多到无法计数。与其让鸡奸者继续实施另一次同性恋行为,不如将其处死,因为这是如此邪恶的行为,以至于它败坏其人,使人无法指望他会有任何善行;他会丧失一切羞耻之心,灵魂被邪恶所毒害。 学者们对于这样的人能否进入天堂存在分歧。认为他永远不会进入天堂的人,以下列几种观点为据:先知ﷺ曾说:"通奸所生的孩子不会进入天堂。"他们说,这指的是通奸所生的孩子;他/她本身就是邪恶的根源,因为他/她是由非法的精液所生,即便他/她对那一行为并无过错。因此,被鸡奸者(或鸡奸者本人)比通奸所生的孩子更加邪恶;他更容易招致恶行,因为他参与了邪恶的非法行为;此外,安拉不会再助他行善,也不会使他获得有益的知识,更不会使他达到纯粹的悔罪。 然而,经过仔细研究此事,我们可以说:"如果一个患上这种邪恶疾病的人戒除此行,寻求纯粹的悔罪,将他的恶行变为善行,并以真诚和善意的各种顺从安拉的行为洗刷其耻辱,那么这样的人将会得到安拉的赦宥,并成为天堂的居民,因为安拉赦免一切罪过。"如果悔罪能够涤除每一种罪过,甚至包括以物配主、杀害众先知、巫术等,那么它就不会缺少涤除这一罪过(同性恋)的能力。 以公正为基础的安拉的智慧已经确立,正如经文所说:“悔罪者就像没有罪的人一样。”1 安拉~保证,对于悔改多神崇拜、杀人或通奸之人,祂~会把他们的恶行变为善行;正如祂~所说:(我的仆人们啊!你们对自己犯了罪的,不要对安拉的慈悯绝望,安拉必定赦宥一切罪过。他确是至赦的,确是至慈的。)2 因此,没有哪一种罪被排除在这一普遍的承诺之外;但这只适用于悔改之人。一个同性恋者,如果在年老时变得比年轻时更加邪恶,他绝不会成功,也就无法达到纯粹的悔罪,从而找回他一生中失去的善行。安拉不会把他的恶行变为善行,因为他不会得到扶助,从而获得善终,被允许进入乐园。相反,这正是安拉~对他的惩罚,他所有的恶行都会累加起来,以加重他的刑罚。当你观察许多临终之人(处于临死挣扎之中的人)时,你会发现他们被阻止获得善终(即他们无法说出信仰的证词——“除安拉外,别无应受崇拜者,穆罕默德是安拉的使者”),这正是对他们持续作恶的惩罚!苏富扬·塞睦尔曾整夜哭泣,早晨有人对他说:“你这样哭,是因为担心罪过吗?”于是他抓起一把尘土说:“罪过的价值还不如这些尘土。我哭,是因为害怕善终不好!”这是伊斯兰中正确理解的最伟大的例子:一个人害怕自己的罪过在临终时背叛他,挡在他与善终之间! 伊玛目艾哈迈德记载：阿布·达尔达（愿真主喜悦他）临终时，会昏迷过去，醒来后便诵读：{我将使他们的心和眼睛偏离正道，因为他们起初就不信仰它；我将让他们在悖逆中盲目徘徊。}3 伊玛目艾哈迈德说：“应当知道，恶终——我们求真主保佑远离它——并不会降临在一生行善之人身上。相反，它降临在那些坚持违抗真主、毫不犹豫地作恶多端的人身上。这些人被自己的罪恶所淹没，直到死亡降临，而他们连悔罪的机会都未曾获得。”

The Prophet ~ said: "The most common things which bring people into Hell are: the mouth and the private parts." 7 He ~ also said: "The blood of a Muslim man is not permitted (to be shed) except for of three: a mature adulterous person (who is or has been married), a person to be killed (in retaliation) for the killing of another person, and one who abandons his religion, separating himself from the community."1 This Hadith which relates adultery to polytheism and killing is similar in context to Verse 68 of Surat Al-Furqan and the Hadith oflbn Mas'ud ~ . In the above Hadith, the Prophet ~ mentioned that which is happening in order of frequently, as adultery occurs more often than killing people, and killing people occurs more than apostasy. The Prophet ~ also moved from a great sin to the greatest; the consequences of adultery are evil, with regards to the well-being of humanity. When a woman commits adultery, she disgraces her husband, family and relatives, before people. If she should become pregnant and kill her child, she would have combined adultery with killing; but if she tried to relate the child of adultery to her husband, he or she would enter into her family as a stranger, and would inherit from them while being not one of them, and would stay alone with women/men in the family while he/she is unrelated to them. As for the adultery of a man, it also causes the mixing of kinship, and the violation of the sanctity of the woman, who would be liable to all sorts of evil consequences. Some of the characteristics of adultery are that it enjoins poverty, shortens (true) life, darkens the face of the fornicator, and makes him become despised among people. Adultery corrupts the heart with worry, anxiety and fear. It takes the adulterer away from the angels, bringing him closer to the devil. There is no evil consequence greater than killing (an innocent person) than that of adultery. It is for this reason that Islam commands capital punishment for a mature fornicator, in a gruesome way. If any man was informed that his wife had committed a murder, he would find it easier to accept than if he was informed that she had committed adultery. Sa'd bin 'Ubada ~ said: "If I saw a man with my wife, I would strike him (behead him) with the blade of my sword." This news reached the Messenger of Allah ~ who then said: "You people are astonished at Sa'd's ghaira. By Allah, I have more ghaira than he, and Allah has more ghaira than I, and because of Allah's Ghaira, He has made shameful deeds and sins (such as illegal sexual intercourse etc.), done openly or secretly, unlawful."2 The Prophet ~ said: "Allah has a sense of Ghaira, and Allah's Sense of Ghaira is provoked whenever a believer does something which Allah has prohibited."3 The Prophet ~ also said: ""None has more sense of ghaira (self-respect) than Allah, therefore He has prohibited shameful sins (such as illegal sexual intercourse, etc.), whether they are committed openly or secretly; and there is none who likes people to repent to Him and beg His Pardon than Allah, and it is for this reason He ~ sent wamers and bearers of good news; And there is none who likes to be praised more than Allah does , and for this reason, He ~ praises Himself." The Prophet ~ said, when g1vmg a sermon for Sa/at Al- Kusuf (the Eclipse Prayer): "O followers of Muhammad! There is none, who has a greater sense of Ghira (self- respect) than Allah, so He has forbidden that His Male Servant should commit illegal sexual intercourse or that His Female Servant should commit illegal sexual intercourse. 0 followers of Muhammad! If you but knew what I know, you would laugh less and weep more!" 1 The reference of this major sin in the sermon of Salat Al- Kusuf makes so much sense to whoever ponders well over it. Indeed, the spread of adultery is one of the signs of the destruction of this world, and is also one of the Signs of the Hour, as mentioned in the two Sahih books (of Al-Bukhari and Muslim): On the authority of Anas bin Malik ~ ' who said: "I will narrate to you a Hadith that none will relate to you after me, which I heard from the Prophet :!. For I heard the Messenger of Allah ~ say: 'Among the portents of the Hour are (the following): a decrease of Islamic Knowledge, widespread ignorance (about Islam), a common drinking of wine, widespread adultery, and a shortage of men and increase (in number) of women so much so that fifty women would be looked after by one man. "2 It is part of the Pattern set by Allah ~ for His Creation that the prevalence of adultery invites His Anger which inevitably leads to the occurrence of His Punishment on earth. Abdullah bin Mas'ud ~ said: "Whenever usury and adultery prevail in a community, Allah ~ orders its destruction." Allah ~ has assigned three stipulations for the punishment of adultery: First, killing in the most horrible manner (for married adulterers), and the flogging ( eighty lashes) as a corporal punishment, and exile for a year as a mental punishment. Second, Allah ~ has forbidden His Servants to feel pity for the adulterers, a fact which would prevent them from afflicting the prescribed punishment for them. Allah ~ is more Merciful than His Servants, and His Mercy did not prevent Him from prescribing such a punishment for adulterers. Therefore, His Servants should not yield to the mercy within their hearts and abolish this punishment. Third, Allah ~ has ordered that the execution of the punishment be done in public, in the presence of the faithful. This is for the benefit of teaching others a lesson, so that they would think twice before committing such an evil illegal act. The punishment of the married adulterer is derived from the punishment set by Allah ~ for the people of Lut (Lot) (i.e. stoning to death), because adultery and homosexuality are both illegal sexual acts. They both have evil consequences which oppose the Wisdom of Allah ~ in His Creation and His Command. There are so many evil consequences of homosexuality that they cannot be counted. It is better for a sodomiser to be killed than to go no to commit an other homosexual act, because it is such an evil act that it corrupts him in a manner that no good could ever be hoped for from him; he loses all sense of modesty and his soul becomes poisoned with evil. People have differed as to whether or not such person would enter Paradise. Those who say that he would never enter Paradise argue their claim with the following different opinions: That the Prophet ~ said: "A child of adultery does not enter Paradise."3 They say that this is the case of a child of adultery; he/she is a source of evil because he/she is created from an illegal sperm, even if he/she is innocent of that act. Therefore, the sodomised ( or sodomiser) is even more evil than the child born of adultery; he is more likely to attract nothing but wickedness, because he took part in an evil illegal act; besides that, he would never be supported by Allah ~ to fulfil any good deed, nor acquire any beneficial knowledge, nor achieve pure repentance. However, after carefully studying this matter, we could say: "If a person who is afflicted with this evil ailment gives it up and seeks pure repentance, and changes his bad deeds for good deeds, and washes his disgrace away with all kinds of obedient acts to Allah ~. with sincerity and good faith, then such a person would be forgiven by Allah ~, and would become one of the people of Paradise, because Allah ~ forgives all sins." If repentance wipes away every sin, even polytheism, killing of Prophets, sorcery, etc, then it would not be short of wiping away this sin (homosexuality). Indeed, the wisdom of Allah has been established with justice, as it states that: "A person who repents from a sin is like one who has no sin." 1 Allah ~ has guaranteed to those who repent from polytheism, killing (a person), or adultery, that He ~ would change their bad deeds for good deeds; as He ~ has said: ( 0 My Servants who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins)! Do not despair of the Mercy of Allah, verily, Allah forgives all sins. Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. ) 2 Therefore, no sin is singled out from this generality; yet this only applies to the repentant. A homosexual who carries on into his older life to be more evil than when he was younger, would never be successful and thus achieve pure repentance, regaining whatever good had passed him in his life. Allah would not change his bad deeds into good ones, because he would not be supported so as to savour a good ending, by being allowed entry into Paradise. But rather all this is a punishment for him by Allah ~' as all his evil deeds would be added together to increase his punishment. When you look at the case of many dying people (people in the throes of death) , you may see that they are prevented from achieving a good ending, (i.e. they fail to utter the testimony of faith - la ilaha ilia Allah, Muhammad rasul Allah), as a punishment for their constant evil deeds! Once, Sufyan Ath-Thawri wept all night, and in the morning, it was said to him: "Is all this because you are worried about sins?" Then he took a handful of dust and said: "Sins are of less value than this. But rather, I weep for fear of a bad ending! " This is the greatest example of good understanding in Islam; that a man fears that his sins may betray him in his dying moments, standing between him and a good ending! Imam Ahmad reported that when Abu Darda' ~ was dying, he used to go unconscious and when he came around, he would recite: ( We shall turn their hearts and eyes away from guidance as they refused to believe therein for the first time, and We shall leave them in their trespass to wander blindly .) 3 Imam Ahmad said: " One should know that the bad ending - we seek refuge in Allah ~ from it - does not occur to those whose life was righteous. Rather, it happens to those who insist on disobeying Allah ~ and do not hesitate to commit all kinds of evil deeds. Such people are overwhelmed by their own wickedness, until they are over taken by death, before having had any chance to repent.