10.9 Kamati ya Majina ya Kiebrania ya Jeshi la Israeli ya Mwaka 1949: Kuwafanya Walowezi wa Ulaya Kuwa Wenyeji na Kujibadilisha Majina
10.9 The Israeli Army’s Hebrew Names Committee Of 1949: Indigenising The European Settlers And Self-renaming
Sir Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960), Myahudi wa Uingereza na mwanahistoria, aliyehamia Uingereza mwaka 1907, alikuwa Mzayuni wa muda mrefu na rafiki wa karibu na mshirika wa Chaim Weizmann. Pia alifanya kazi kama katibu wa kisiasa wa Wakala wa Kiyahudi huko Palestina (1929–1931). Namier alizaliwa kwa jina la Ludwik Niemirowski katika eneo ambalo sasa ni sehemu ya Poland, na kujitolea kwake kwa Uzayuni hakukuzuia jina lake kufanywa la Kiingereza. Ubadilishaji wa majina miongoni mwa Wayahudi Wazayuni wa Uingereza au Marekani waliohamia kutoka Ulaya Mashariki ulikuwa sehemu ya mchakato wa kufanywa Kiingereza au Kimarekani, ilhali ubadilishaji wa majina miongoni mwa walowezi Wazayuni huko Palestina ulianza wakati wa kipindi cha Mamlaka na ukawa sehemu muhimu ya kufanya majina ya walowezi wahamiaji kuwa ya Kiebrania na ya kibiblia (Brisman 2000: 129). Mpango huo ulianzishwa na Yitzhak ben-Tzvi, Rais wa pili wa Israeli, na kwa agizo lililoandikwa na Ben-Gurion kwa maafisa wa jeshi kwamba ilikuwa wajibu wao wa kimaadili kuyafanya majina yao ya Kiebrania, kama mfano. Matokeo yake, Jeshi lilianzisha Kamati ya Majina ya Kiebrania kupendekeza majina ya Kiebrania kwa maafisa na askari jeshini. Kijitabu kilitungwa na Mordechai Nimtsa-Bi (1903‒1949), mkuu wa Kamati ya Majina. Watunzi walitoa makundi manne ya majina ya Kiebrania yaliyopendekezwa: majina ya ukoo, majina ya Taanim19 na Amoraim,20
British Jewish historian Sir Lewis Bernstein Namier (1888–1960), who immigrated to the UK in 1907, was a long-time Zionist and a close friend and associate of Chaim Weizmann. He also worked as political secretary for the Jewish Agency in Palestine (1929–1931). Namier was born Ludwik Niemirowski in what is now part of Poland, and his devotion to Zionism did not prevent the Anglicisation of his name. While name changing among British or American Zionist Jews who emigrated from Eastern Europe became part of the process of Anglicisation or Americanisation, name changing in Palestine among Zionist settlers began during the Mandatory period and became an integral part of the Hebrewisation and biblicisation of the immigrant settlers (Brisman 2000: 129). The initiative was begun by Yitzhak ben-Tzvi, the second President of Israel, and by a directive written by Ben-Gurion to army officers that it was their moral duty to Hebraicise their names as an example. As a result the Army set up a Hebrew Names Committee to propose Hebrew names to officers and soldiers in the Army. A booklet was compiled by Mordechai Nimtsa-Bi (1903‒1949), the head of the Names Committee. The compilers offered four groups of suggested Hebrew name: family names, names of Taanim19 and Amoraim,20
majina ya Kibiblia na majina ya kibinafsi ya Kiebrania. Orodha kama hiyo ilitungwa miaka michache baadaye na Yaakov Arikha chini ya kichwa, Behar likha shem mishpaha ‘Ivri (Chagua jina la familia la Kiebrania kwa ajili yako mwenyewe). Kijitabu hicho, kilichochapishwa mjini Jerusalem mwaka 1954 na Chuo cha Lugha ya Kiebrania cha Israeli (ambacho kilikuwa kimechukua nafasi ya Kamati ya Lugha ya Kiebrania ya Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, ona hapa chini), kilijumuisha ushauri kuhusu jinsi ya kubadilisha majina ya familia, pamoja na orodha za majina ya Kiebrania yaliyotumika kama mfano (Brisman 2000: 129).
biblical names and Hebrew personal names. A similar list was compiled a few years later by Yaakov Arikha under the title, Behar likha shem mishpaha ‘Ivri (Select for yourself a Hebrew family name). The booklet, published in Jerusalem in 1954 by the Israeli Academy for the Hebrew Language (which had replaced the Hebrew language Committee of Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, see below) included advice on how to change family names, and lists of Hebrew names serving as an example (Brisman 2000: 129).