Historia ndefu na jiografia ya Palestina (ya kale, ya kati na ya kisasa)

The long history and geography of Palestine (ancient, medieval and modern)

...zimeingizwa kwa kina katika kumbukumbu ya kijamii na kitamaduni ya Ulaya na ulimwengu wa Kiarabu. Mwaka 1890 mwanahistoria wa Kijerumani Gustav Reinhold Röhricht, katika Bibliotheca Geographica Palestine, aliorodhesha vitabu 3515 vilivyochapishwa kwa lugha nyingi kati ya mwaka 333

are deeply ingrained in the social and cultural memory of Europe and the Arab world. In 1890 German historian Gustav Reinhold Röhricht, in Bibliotheca Geographica Palestine, listed 3515 books issued in many languages between 333

AD na 1878 AD ambazo zilihusu jiografia ya Palestina. Kazi ya Röhricht pia ina orodha ya mpangilio wa wakati wa ramani zinazohusiana na Palestina.

AD and 1878 AD which dealt with the geography of Palestine. Röhricht’s work also contains a chronological list of maps relating to Palestine.

Shauku ya historia, jiografia na ramani ya Palestina pia ilionekana wazi katika machapisho ya National Geographic, yaliyokuwa yakijulikana awali kama National Geographic Magazine, gazeti rasmi la National Geographic Society, lenye makao yake makuu Washington, DC. NGS ni moja ya taasisi kubwa zisizo za kibiashara za kisayansi na kielimu duniani. Maslahi yake yanajumuisha jiografia, historia, akiolojia na sayansi asilia. National Geographic limechapishwa mfululizo tangu toleo lake la kwanza mwaka 1888. Kumbukumbu za gazeti hilo zinaonyesha msisitizo mkubwa juu ya ramani, historia na akiolojia ya Palestina ya kihistoria (ya kale na ya kisasa). Ramani za kihistoria za 'Palestina' (bila kutajwa 'Ramani za Kanaani') za National Geographic (ambalo halijulikani kuwa la kuunga mkono Wapalestina kwa kiasi kikubwa) zilizalisha makala zenye vichwa vifuatavyo: 'Impressions of Palestine', 1 Machi 1915 ('Balozi wa zamani wa Uingereza nchini Marekani, James Bryce, anasimulia mtazamo wake kuhusu Palestina yenye Waislamu wengi'); 'Jerusalem’s Locust Plague: Being a Description of the Recent Locust Influx into Palestine, and Comparing Same with Ancient Locust Invasions as Narrated in the Old World’s History Book, the Bible', 1

Preoccupation with the history, geography and cartography of Palestine was also evident in the publications of the National Geographic, formerly the National Geographic Magazine, the official magazine of the National Geographic Society, based in Washington, DC. The NGS is one of the largest non-profit scientific and educational institutions in the world. Its interests include geography, history, archaeology and natural sciences. The National Geographic has been published continuously since its first issue in 1888. The archives of the magazine show a huge focus on the cartography, history and archaeology of historic Palestine (ancient and modern). The historic ‘Palestine Maps’ (no mention of ‘Maps of Canaan’) of the National Geographic (not known to be particularly pro-Palestinian) produced the following titles: ‘Impressions of Palestine’, 1 March 1915 (‘Former British Ambassador to the U.S., James Bryce, relates his impressions of a predominantly Muslim Palestine’); ‘Jerusalem’s Locust Plague: Being a Description of the Recent Locust Influx into Palestine, and Comparing Same with Ancient Locust Invasions as Narrated in the Old World’s History Book, the Bible’, 1

Desemba 1915 (‘John D. Whiting analinganisha uvamizi wa hivi karibuni wa nzige huko Palestina na Shamu na mapigo ya nzige ya kale yaliyoelezwa katika Biblia’); ‘Miongoni mwa Wachungaji wa Bethlehemu: Ziara katika Bonde ambalo Daudi huenda alilikumbuka alipoandika Zaburi ya ishirini na tatu’, 1 Desemba 1926

December 1915 (‘John D. Whiting compares the recent invasion of locusts in Palestine and Syria with the ancient locust plagues described in the Bible’); ‘Among the Bethlehem Shepherds: A Visit to the Valley Which David Probably Recalled When He Wrote the Twenty-third Psalm’, 1 December 1926

(‘Familia za wachungaji wa Palestina huishi karibu kama mababu zao walivyoishi; mara nyingi mvulana mdogo kabisa ndiye huchunga kondoo, akiwa na filimbi na fimbo mkononi’); ‘Changing Palestine’, 1 April 1934 (‘Usafiri na mawasiliano yaliyoboreshwa yanaipa Palestina nafasi inayoongezeka, kwani nchi hii ndogo lakini yenye umuhimu wa kimkakati inaendelea kutekeleza jukumu lake la kuwa mahali pa kukutania kwa Mashariki na Magharibi’); ‘Bombs over Bible Lands’, 1 August 1941

(‘Shepherd families of Palestine live much as their ancestors did; often the youngest boy tends the sheep, with flute and staff in hand’); ‘Changing Palestine’, 1 April 1934 (‘Improved transportation and communication give Palestine growing room as the small but strategic land continues its role as a meeting place for East and West’); ‘Bombs over Bible Lands’, 1 August 1941

(‘Nchini Syria, Palestina na Iraq, ambako Warumi, Wababiloni na Waashuri walipowahi kupigana vita, Ujerumani na Urusi zinashindania udhibiti wa mataifa yenye utajiri wa mafuta, zikiharibu ardhi za kihistoria kwa mabomu, ndege na mizinga’); ‘Palestina Leo’, 1 Oktoba 1946 (‘Chini ya udhibiti wa Uingereza, Palestina inajitahidi kukabiliana na uhamiaji. Miji inayokua na mashamba yanaunda mchanganyiko wa ajabu katika ardhi hii ya kale’); ‘Mwanaakiolojia Aangalia Palestina’, 1 Desemba 1947 (‘Mwandishi anakutana na historia kila kona, katika ardhi ya kale ambayo kwa karne nyingi imekuwa uwanja wa mapigano yasiyoisha’)

(‘In Syria, Palestine, and Iraq, where Romans, Babylonians, and Assyrians once battled, Germany and Russia vie for control of the oil-rich nations, disrupting historic lands with bombs, planes, and tanks’); ‘Palestine Today’, 1 October 1946 (‘Under the control of Great Britain, Palestine struggles to cope with immigration. Growing cities and farms make a strange mix in the ancient land’); ‘An Archaeologist Looks at Palestine’, 1 December 1947 (‘The author encounters history at every turn, in an ancient land that has been a cockpit of unending conflict for many centuries’).