10.3 Khalifa anapaswa kuchunguza kazi za magavana. - Mfumo wa Hukumu katika Uislamu | Quran Course

10.3 Khalifa anapaswa kuchunguza kazi za magavana. - Mfumo wa Hukumu katika Uislamu | Quran Course

"Wahudumieni watu wa Abd Qays na waheshimuni viongozi wao." Vivyo hivyo, imethibitishwa pia kwamba yeye (ﷺ) alikuwa akiwahoji Wulah, akichunguza hali zao na kusikiliza habari zilizoletwa kwake kuwahusu. Alikuwa akiwataka Wulah watoe hesabu ya mapato na matumizi yaliyotumika. Al-Bukhari na Muslim wamesimulia kwa mamlaka ya Abu Humaid Al-Sa'idi aliyesema: "Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alimteua Ibnul-Utbiyya kuwa 'Amil anayesimamia Sadaqat za Banu Saleem. Alipomrudia Mtume ﷺ na kumtolea hesabu, alisema: 'Hii ni yako, na (hii ni zawadi) iliyonipelekwa.' Ndipo Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ akasema: 'Kwa nini hukubaki nyumbani kwa baba yako na mama yako ili zawadi yako ikufikie ikiwa unasema kweli?' Kisha Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alisimama juu ya mimbari, akawahutubia watu, akamhimidi Allah (SWT) na kusema: 'Vipi kuhusu mtumishi wa Serikali ninayempa kazi, anakuja na kusema: "Hii ni yako, na hii imenipelekwa kama zawadi?" Kwa nini hakubaki nyumbani kwa baba yake au nyumbani kwa mama yake ili zawadi yake ipelekwe kwake ikiwa ni mkweli? Naapa kwa Allah, yeyote kati yenu hatachukua chochote kutoka humo (Sadaqah) kinyume cha sheria, bali atakibeba Siku ya Hukumu shingoni mwake: ngamia anayeunguruma, au ng'ombe anayegugumia, au kondoo anayebeuka.' Kisha akainua mikono yake hadi nikaweza kuona weupe wa makwapa yake. Kisha akasema mara mbili: 'Ee Allah, nimefikisha amri yako.'" 'Umar alikuwa akiwafuatilia kwa karibu Wulah, naye alimteua Muhammad Ibnu Maslama kuchunguza hali zao na kuwakagua. 'Umar alikuwa akiwakusanya Wulah wakati wa msimu wa Hija ili kupitia utendaji wao na kusikiliza malalamiko ya raia kuwahusu, pia alikuwa akijadiliana nao mambo ya Wilayaat na kuuliza kuhusu hali zao wenyewe. Imepokewa kwamba ‘Umar alisema mara moja kwa watu waliokuwa karibu naye: “Je, mtasema kwamba wajibu wangu utakuwa umetimia nikimteua juu yenu mbora kati yenu, na nikamwamuru awe mwadilifu?” Wakasema: “Ndiyo.” Akasema: “Hapana. Si mpaka nimkague kazi yake, na nione kama alifanya alichokuwa ameamriwa kufanya.” ‘Umar alijulikana kuwa mkali katika kuwahesabu Wali na ‘Aamil. Angeweza hata kumwondoa baadhi yao kwa shaka tu bila ushahidi thabiti. Hata alikuwa akimwondoa Waali kwa shaka ndogo kabisa isiyofikia hata kiwango cha dhana. Siku moja aliulizwa kuhusu jambo hili, akasema: “Ni rahisi kumbadilisha Amiri mmoja kwa mwingine ili kutengeneza mambo ya watu.” Hata hivyo, licha ya ukali wake kwao, alikuwa akiwapa uhuru wa kutenda na kulinda heshima yao katika kutawala. Alikuwa akiwasikiliza na kuzingatia hoja zao. Ikiwa alipendezwa na hoja, alionyesha kukubali kwake na kuamini kwake, na baadaye angemsifu sana ‘Aamil huyo. Siku moja habari zilimfikia kuhusu ‘Aamil wake Umayr bin Sa‘d, ambaye alisema akiwa juu ya mimbari ya Homs: “Uislamu utabaki imara mradi mamlaka ni thabiti. Na nguvu ya mamlaka haipatikani kwa kuua kwa upanga wala kwa kupiga kwa mjeledi, bali kwa kuhukumu kwa haki na kusimamisha uadilifu.” Aliposikia hili, ‘Umar alisema: “Natamani ningekuwa na mtu kama Umayr bin Sa‘d wa kunisaidia katika mambo ya Waislamu.”

“Look after Abd Qays and honour their leaders.” Likewise it has also been confirmed that He (pbuh) used to hold the Wulah accountable, inspect their situation and listen to news brought to Him about them. He (pbuh) used to ask the Wulah to account for the revenues and expenses spent. Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated on the authority of Abu Humaid Al-Sa’idi who said; “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) appointed Ibnul-Utbiyya as ‘Amil in charge of Sadaqat of Banu Saleem. When He returned back to the Prophet (pbuh) and He accounted him, He said; ‘This is for you and (this is a gift) that was presented to me.’ So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said ‘Why did you not remain in your father’s and mother’s home so that your gift comes to you if you spoke the truth.’ Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) stood on the pulpit, addressed the people praised, Allah (swt) and said; ‘What about a State official whom I give an assignment and who comes and says; ‘This is for you and this has been presented to me as a gift?’ Why didn’t He remain in the house of his father or the house of his mother so that his gift be presented to Him if He is truthful? By Allah, any one of you will not take anything from it (Sadaqah) unlawfully but will bring it on the Day of Judgment, carrying on his neck a camel that will be growling, or a cow that will be bellowing or a sheep that will be bleating.’ Then He raised his hands so that I could see the whiteness of his armpits. Then He said twice; ‘O Allah, I have conveyed your command.’” ‘Umar used to closely monitor the Wulah, and He appointed Muhammad Ibnu Maslama to examine their state of affairs and inspect them. ‘Umar used to gather the Wulah during the Hajj season to review their performance and to listen to the complaints of the subjects about them, and He also used to discuss with them the affairs of the Wilayaat and ask about their own conditions. It has been reported that ‘Umar once said to people around him; “‘Would you say that my duty would be fulfilled if I appointed over you the best from amongst you, and ordered Him to be just?’ They said; ‘Yes.’ He said; ‘No. Not until I had checked his performance, and seen whether or not He did what I had ordered Him to do.’ ‘Umar was known to be strict when accounting the Wulah and the ‘Aamileen. He would even remove some of them on just a suspicion without conclusive evidence. He even used to remove a Waali on the slightest doubt that did not even reach the level of suspicion. He was asked about this one day and He said; ‘It is easy to swap an Ameer for another so as to amend the people’s affairs.’” However, despite his strictness with them He used to give them a free hand and safeguarded their reputation in ruling. He used to listen to them and consider their argument. If He liked an argument He would show his approval and conviction of it and would shower the ‘Amil with praise afterwards. Oneday news reached Him about his ‘Amil Umayr Ibnu Sa’d who had said while over the pulpit of Homs; “Islam will remain formidable as long as the authority is strong. And the strength of the authority does not come about with the killing by the sword or the lashing by the whip, but with the judging by the truth and the upholding of justice.” Upon hearing this ‘Umar said; “I wish I had a man like Umayr Ibnu Sa’d to help me with the Muslims’ affairs.”