4.13 Muda wa kukaa madarakani kwa Khalifa
4.13 The time term of the Khaleefah
Muda wa kukaa madarakani kwa Khalifah haujawekwa kwa kipindi maalum. Mradi Khalifah anafuata Shari'a, anatekeleza sheria zake, na ana uwezo wa kutekeleza majukumu ya dola na wajibu wa Khilafah, anaendelea kubaki madarakani. Hii ni kwa sababu maandiko yanayohusu Bay'ah yamekuja kwa njia ya jumla (Mutlaq), wala hayajafungwa na kipindi chochote maalum cha wakati. Anas bin Malik ameripoti kwamba Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alisema:
The time term of the Khaleefah in office is not determined by a fixed period. As long as the Khaleefah is abiding by the Shar’a, executing its laws and able to perform the duties of the state and the responsibilities of the Khilafah, He remains in office. This is because the texts concerning the Bay’ah came as indefinite (Mutlaq) and they are not restricted to any specific period of time. Anas ibn Malik reported that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said:
"Sikiliza na utii, hata kama mtatawaliwa na mtumwa wa Kihabeshi, ambaye nywele zake ni kama zabibu kavu." Katika riwaya nyingine, alisema ﷺ:
“Do hear and obey, even if you were ruled by an Abyssinian slave, whose hair is like the raisin.” In another narration He (pbuh) said:
“Mradi anakuongoza kwa Kitabu cha Allah.” Zaidi ya hayo, Makhalifa Waongofu wote walipewa Bay'ah isiyo na mwisho (Mutlaq), ambayo ndiyo iliyotajwa katika Ahadith. Hawakuwa na muda maalum wa kushika madaraka. Kila mmoja wao alichukua wadhifa wa Ukhalifa hadi alipofariki; na hili ni makubaliano ya jumla kutoka kwa Maswahaba (r.a.), yanayothibitisha kwamba Ukhalifa hauna muda maalum wa uongozi bali hauna mipaka. Kwa hiyo, Khalifa akipewa Bay'ah, anabaki madarakani hadi atakapofariki.
“As long as He leads you by the Book of Allah.” Besides, all the Khulafaa’ Ar-Rashidoon were given an indefinite (Mutlaq) Bay’ah which is the one mentioned in the Ahadith. They were not of a limted period (in office). Each one of them assumed the post of Khilafah until He died; and this represents a general consensus from the Sahabah (r.a.), confirming that the Khilafah is not of a limited term of office but is unrestricted. Thus if a Khaleefah is given a Bay’ah, He remains in office until He dies.
Hata hivyo, ikiwa Khaleefah atapitia mabadiliko yanayomfanya asistahili wadhifa huo, au yanayohitaji kuondolewa kwake, basi muda wake wa utawala utakoma na ataondolewa. Hata hivyo, hili haliwezi kufasiriwa kama kizuizi cha muda wa Khilafah yake, bali ni kuonyesha tu kwamba masharti ya Khilafah yamevunjwa. Maneno ya Bay'ah, yaliyothibitishwa katika maandiko ya Shari'ah na makubaliano ya jumla ya Maswahaba, yanaifanya Khilafah kuwa ya muda usio na kikomo. Badala yake, inazuiliwa katika suala la kile ambacho Khaleefah alipewa Bay'ah kwa ajili yake, yaani kutawala kwa Kitabu na Sunnah na kutekeleza sheria zake. Ikiwa hakushikilia Shari'ah wala kuitekeleza, basi lazima aondolewe.
However, if the Khaleefah underwent a change that made him unfit for the post, or necessitated his removal, his term would be terminated and He would be removed. Though this cannot be interpreted as a limitation to his Khilafah term, but merely to indicate that a breach of the Khilafah’s conditions has occurred. The wording of the Bay’ah, confirmed in the Shari’ah texts and the general consensus of the Sahabah makes the Khilafah of an unlimited term of office. It is rather restricted in terms of the Khaleefah’s undertaking of what He was given the Bay’ah for, i.e. to rule by the Book and the Sunnah and to execute their laws. If He did not uphold the Shar’a or did not implement it, then He must be removed.