Shura ni haki ya Waislamu wote ambayo Khalifah anapaswa kuitekeleza. Wana haki ya kushauriwa, na Khalifah anapaswa kuwarejelea na kuwashauri. Allah (swt) anasema: “Na washauriane nao katika jambo hilo, na utakapoamua (hatua au maoni fulani), mtegemee Allah.” [TMQ Al-Imran: 159] Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alikuwa akiwarejelea watu na kushauriana nao. Alishauriana nao siku ya Badr kuhusu mahali pa uwanja wa vita, na alishauriana nao siku ya Uhud kuhusu kama wapigane ndani ya Madina au nje yake. Siku ya Badr alichukua ushauri wa Habab bin Al-Munthir kuhusu maoni ya kitaalamu yaliyotolewa na mtaalamu, ambayo aliyakubali. Siku ya Uhud alikubali maoni ya wengi, ingawa maoni yake binafsi yalikuwa tofauti.

Shura is a right of all the Muslims that the Khaleefah should fulfil. They are entitled to be consulted and the Khaleefah should refer to them and consult them. Allah (swt) says; “And do consult them in the matter, and if you decide (on an action/on an opinion) put your trust in Allah.” [TMQ Al-Imran: 159] The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) used to refer to people and consult with them. He (pbuh) consulted them on the day of Badr about the location of the battlefield and He consulted them on the day of Uhud about whether to fight inside or outside Madinah. On the day of Badr He took the advice of Habab bin Al- Munthir regarding a technical opinion voiced by an expert that He accepted. On the day of Uhud He accepted the opinion of the majority, despite the fact that his personal opinion was different.

ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab aliwashauriana na Waislamu kuhusu ardhi ya Iraq, kama igawanywe miongoni mwa Waislamu kwa kuwa ilikuwa ghanima, au kuiacha mikononi mwa watu wake kwa sharti ya kulipa Kharaj huku ardhi ikibaki kuwa mali ya Hazina ya Serikali. Kisha yeye alitenda kwa mujibu wa Ijtihad yake mwenyewe, na Masahaba wengi waliikubali hoja hiyo, hivyo akaiacha ardhi mikononi mwa watu wake na kuwaamuru walipe Kharaj. Pia alimwondoa Saʿd bin Abi Waqqas katika Wilaya yake kutokana na malalamiko dhidi yake, akasema: "Sikumwondoa kwa sababu ya usaliti wala udhaifu." Mbali na haki ya kushauriwa na Khalifa, Waislamu pia wana haki ya kuwawajibisha watawala kwa matendo yao na mwenendo wao. Allah (swt) amewaamuru Waislamu kuwawajibisha watawala, na amewaelekeza kwa msisitizo kuwa imara dhidi yao iwapo watavunja haki za raia, iwapo watapuuza wajibu wao kwao, iwapo watapuuza jambo lolote la mambo yao, iwapo watapingana na Hukmu (sheria) za Uislamu, au iwapo watatawala kwa mambo yasiyo yale aliyoteremsha Allah. Muslim amepokea kutoka kwa Umm Salamah kwamba Rasuli wa Allah ﷺ alisema: "Zitakuwepo amri (watawala), mtatambua (baadhi ya wanayoyafanya) na mtakataa (baadhi). Yeyote atakayetambua atasamehewa (dhambi), na yeyote atakayekataa atakuwa salama. Lakini yeyote atakayekubali na kufuata (wanayoyafanya), hatakuwa salama." Wakasema (Masahaba): "Je, tusipigane nao?" Akasema: "Hapana, maadamu wanaswali." Masahaba wakati fulani hawakukubaliana na baadhi ya matendo ya Mtume wa Allah ﷺ. ʿUmar alipinga vikali yale yaliyomo katika mkataba wa Hudaybiyah, yaani sehemu iliyosema: "Yeyote atakayemjia Muhammad ﷺ kutoka Quraysh bila idhini ya walezi wake atarudishwa kwao, na yeyote atakayewajia Quraysh miongoni mwa wale waliokuwa pamoja na Muhammad ﷺ, hawatamrudisha." Ibnu Hisham katika Siyar ameipokea hii kutoka kwa Az-Zuhri. Waislamu, hasa 'Umar, mwanzoni hawakukubaliana na hatua ya Abu Bakr alipoamua kupigana na waasi. Talha na Az-Zubayr pia hawakukubaliana na hatua yake walipojua kwamba alikuwa anakusudia kumteua 'Umar kuwa mrithi wake.

‘Umar bin Al-Khattab consulted the Muslims regarding the land of Iraq, whether to divide it among the Muslims because it was booty or to leave it in the hands of its people with the condition that they paid its Kharaj while the land remains the property of the Treasury. He then acted according to his own Ijtihad and most of the Sahabah approved of it, so He left the land in the hands of its people and ordered them to pay the Kharaj. He also removed Sa’d Ibnu Abi Waqqas from his Wilayah because of complaints against Him and He said; “I did not remove Him because of a betrayal or a weakness.” As well as having the right to be consulted by the Khaleefah, the Muslims should also hold the rulers accountable for their actions and conduct. Allah (swt) has commanded the Muslims to hold the rulers accountable and He (swt) strongly directed them to be firm with them if they violated the rights of the citizens, if they neglected their duties towards them, if they ignored any of their affairs, disagreed with the Ahkam (laws) of Islam or governed with other than what Allah brought down. Muslim narrated from Umm Salamah that RasoolAllah (pbuh) said “‘There will be ameers, you recognise (something of what they do) and you reject (some). Whosoever recognised, He would be absolved (of sin) and whosoever rejected, He would be safe. But whosoever accepted and followed (what they do, He would not be safe).’ They (the Sahabah) asked ‘Shouldn’t we fight them?’ He said; ‘No, as long as they pray.’” The Sahabah on some occasions did disapprove of some of the Messenger of Allah’s (pbuh) actions. ‘Umar strongly protested against what came in the treaty of Hudaybiyah, namely the part which states; “Any one who comes to Muhammad from Qur’aysh without the permission of his guardian would be returned to them, and whoever comes to Qur’aysh from among those who were with Mohammad they would not return Him back.” Ibnu Hisham in the Seerah reported this from Az-Zuhri. The Muslims, especially ‘‘Umar, at first disapproved the action of Abu Bakr when He decided to fight the apostates. Talha and Az-Zubayr also disapproved of his action when they learned that He was to nominate ‘Umar after him.

Bilal Ibnu-Rabah, Az-Zubayr na wengine walipinga hatua ya ‘Umar alipoamua kutogawanya ardhi ya Iraq miongoni mwa wapiganaji. Mwanamke mmoja pia alimpinga ‘Umar alipoamua kuweka mahari kuwa dirham 400, alipomwambia: “Ee ‘Umar, sio jambo lako. Je, hukusikia kauli ya Allah (swt) isemayo: “Na hata mkiwapa (wake zenu) rundo la mali kuwa mahari, msichukue chochote katika hiyo” [TMQ An-Nisa’: 20]?” Juu ya hilo, ‘Umar alisema: ‘Mwanamke yuko sahihi na ‘Umar amekosea.’ Kwa hiyo, Baraza la Ummah lina haki ya kushauriwa, na lina wajibu wa kuwawajibisha watawala.

Bilal Ibnu-Rabah, Az-Zubayr and others disapproved the action of ‘Umar when He decided not to divide the land of Iraq among the fighters. A woman also challenged ‘Umar when He decided to fix the dowries at 400 Dirhams, when she said to him: “‘O ‘Umar, it is not up to you. Did you not hear Allah’s (swt) saying “Even if you gave them (your wives) a whole treasure for dowery, do not take any of it” [TMQ An-Nisa’: 20]?’ Upon this, ‘Umar said; ‘The woman is right and ‘Umar was wrong.’” Therefore, the Council of the Ummah has the right to be consulted, and is obliged to hold the rulers accountable.