13.3 Kuchagua wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah
13.3 Electing the members of the Council of the Ummah
Wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah huchaguliwa kwa kupigiwa kura, si kuteuliwa. Wao ni wawakilishi wa watu katika kutoa maoni yao, na wanapaswa kuchaguliwa na watu wanaowawakilisha, wala wasiwekwe juu yao kwa nguvu. Hii ni kwa sababu wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah ni wawakilishi wa maoni ya watu, awe ni watu binafsi au makundi. Kupima maoni ya watu wa eneo kubwa na watu wasiohesabika hakuwezekani isipokuwa wao wachague wawakilishi. Mtume wa Allah ﷺ hakuwachagua wale aliowashauri kwa msingi wa uwezo wao, umahiri wao, au haiba zao. Badala yake aliwachagua kwa mambo mawili: Kwanza: Kwa sababu walikuwa viongozi wa makabila yao, bila kujali uwezo na umahiri wao. Pili: Kwa sababu waliwawakilisha Muhajirina na Answari. Sababu ya kuwepo kwa watu wa Shura ni kuwawakilisha watu. Kanuni ambayo kwayo wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah wanapaswa kuchaguliwa, basi, iwe ni uwakilishi wa watu, kama ilivyokuwa katika uteuzi wa makusudi wa wawakilishi wa Muhajirina na Answari. Uwakilishi huu wa makundi na watu binafsi wasiohesabika hauwezi kupatikana isipokuwa kwa uchaguzi. Hivyo wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah ni lazima wachaguliwe. Kuhusu ukweli kwamba ni Mtume wa Allah ﷺ mwenyewe aliyewachagua wale aliowashauri, hii ilikuwa kwa sababu eneo walimoishi Muhajirina na Answari, yaani Madina, lilikuwa dogo, na kwa sababu alikuwajua Waislamu. Kinyume chake, katika Bay'ah ya pili ya Al-Aqaba, Waislamu waliompa Bay'ah hawakuwa wanajulikana kwake, ndiyo maana aliliachia suala la kuchagua viongozi kwao, akisema:
The members of the Council of the Ummah are elected and not appointed. They are representatives of the people in the voicing of opinions, and should be chosen by the people they represent, and should never be imposed upon them. This is because the members of the Council of the Ummah are representatives of the people’s opinions, whether they are individuals or groups. To gauge the opinions of people in a large area and the uncounted folk does not come about unless they choose representatives. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) did not choose those whom He consulted based on their ability, competence and personalities. He rather chose them on two points: Firstly: This is because they were chiefs among their folks, regardless of their ability and competence. Secondly: It is because they represented the Muhajireen and the Ansar. The reason for the presence of the people of the Shura is to represent the people. The tenet therefore upon which the Council of the Ummah members are chosen should be the representation of people, as was the case in the deliberate selection of representatives for the Muhajireen and the Ansar. This representation of the groups and individuals who are uncounted cannot be achieved except by election. The members of the Council of the Ummah have to therefore be elected. As for the fact that it was the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), himself, who chose whom He consulted, this was because the area in which lived the Muhajireen and the Ansar i.e. the Madinah, was small and because He knew the Muslims. In contrast, in the second Bay’ah of Al-Aqaba, the Muslims who gave Him the Bay’ah were not known to Him and this is why He left the matter of choosing the chiefs to them, by saying:
"Chagueni kutoka miongoni mwenu viongozi kumi na wawili ambao watawajibika kwa nafsi zao na watu wao." Hii imepokewa katika Sira ya Ibnu Hisham kutoka kwa Ka'ab bin Malik.
“Choose from among you twelve leaders who will be responsible for themselves and their people.” This is reported in the Seerah of Ibnu Hisham from Ka’ab bin Malik.
Tunaweza kwa hiyo kuhitimisha kwamba wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah wanawakilisha maoni ya Waislamu kwa jumla. Hii ni kwa sababu ‘Illah (sababu) ambayo Baraza limeanzishwa ni kuwawakilisha watu binafsi na makundi katika kutoa maoni yao na kuwawajibisha watawala, na kwa kuwa ‘Illah hii haiwezi kutimizwa ikiwa watu hao hawajulikani isipokuwa kuna uchaguzi wa jumla. Hii inathibitisha kwamba wajumbe wa Baraza la Ummah wanapaswa kuchaguliwa na si kuteuliwa.
We can thus conclude that the members of the Council of the Ummah represent the opinion of the Muslims at large. This is because the ‘Illah (reason) for which the Council is founded is to represent the individuals and groups in voicing their opinions and in holding the rulers accountable and since this Illah cannot be realised if the persons were not known unless there was a general election. This proves that the members of the Council of the Ummah should be elected and not appointed.