9.4 Kuilea jeshi katika jeshi na Uislamu
9.4 Culturing the army in military and Islam
Kiwango cha juu kabisa cha elimu ya kijeshi lazima kipatikane kwa jeshi. Kiwango cha kiakili ndani ya jeshi lazima kiinuliwe kadiri inavyowezekana. Zaidi ya hayo, kila mtu ndani ya jeshi lazima apate utamaduni wa Kiislamu unaomwezesha kuwa na ufahamu kuhusu Uislamu, hata kama ni kwa kiwango cha jumla.
The highest level of military education has to be available to the army. The intellectual level in the army has to be raised as much as possible. In addition to that every individual in the army has to attain Islamic culture that enables Him to be aware about Islam even if in a general form.
Hata hivyo, elimu ya kijeshi inakuwa ya lazima sana kwa kila jeshi, na haiwezekani kwa jeshi kutekeleza vita bila hiyo, wala kushiriki vita isipokuwa limepata mafunzo. Kwa hiyo, inakuwa Wajib kwa kanuni: 'Kile ambacho bila hicho wajibu hauwezi kutekelezwa, nacho chenyewe ni wajibu.' Kwa upande wa utamaduni wa Kiislamu, kujifunza yale yanayohitajika kutekeleza nguzo za Uislamu ni wajibu kwa kila Muislamu, wakati kupata elimu zaidi ya Kiislamu ni Fardhi Kifaya. Hii ni kutokana na kile ambacho Al-Bukhari na Muslim walipokea kwa mapokezi ya Muawiyah aliposema: "Nilimsikia Mtume ﷺ akisema: 'Yule ambaye Allah anamtakia mema, humpa elimu ya Dini...'" Hili linawahusu jeshi linaloteka nchi kwa ajili ya kueneza Da'wah, kama linavyowahusu kila Muislamu, ingawa kwa jeshi lina umuhimu zaidi. Kuhusu kuinua kiwango chake cha kiakili, hii ni aina ya uelewa ambao ni muhimu kuelewa Dini na mambo ya maisha. Labda kauli ya Mtume ﷺ
However, military education becomes very necessary for every army and it is not possible for an army to carry out the war without it, nor can it engage in a battle unless it has been educated. Therefore, it becomes Wajib according to the principle: ‘That without which a duty can not be performed is itself a duty.’ As regards the Islamic culture, learning of what is necessary to perform the functions of Islam is a duty for every Muslim, while attaining further Islamic knowledge is Fard Kifaya. This is due to what Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrated on the authority of Muawiyah when He said; “I heard the Prophet (pbuh) say; ‘The one for whom Allah wants good, He gives Him knowledge in the Deen...’” This applies to the army that conquers countries to convey the Da’wah, as it does for every Muslim, though for the army it is of more importance. Regarding raising its intellectual level, this is a kind of awareness which is necessary to understand the Deen and life’s affairs. Perhaps the saying of the Prophet (pbuh)
"Huenda yule ambaye elimu inamfikia akawa na ufahamu zaidi kuliko yule aliyesikia ujumbe mwanzoni", ni dalili ya kuhimiza. Pia Qur'an inasema: {Kwa watu wanaotafakari} [TMQ Yunus: 24]
“The one to whom the knowledge is conveyed may be of more awareness than the one who heard the message in the beginning”, is an indication of encouragement. Also the Qur’an says; “For people who contemplate” [TMQ Yunus: 24]
Na Yeye (SWT) anasema: "Wana nyoyo (akili) ambazo kwazo wanafahamu." [TMQ Al-A’raf: 179]
and He (swt) says “They have hearts (minds) by which they understand.” [TMQ Al-A’raf: 179]
Yote haya yanaonyesha hadhi ya fikra.
All these indicate the status of thought.
Katika kila kambi ya jeshi kunapaswa kuwepo idadi kubwa ya wafanyakazi wenye maarifa makubwa ya kijeshi na uzoefu katika kuandaa mipango na kuendesha vita. Kwa ujumla, ni lazima wafanyakazi hawa wapatikane kwa jeshi kwa idadi kubwa iwezekanavyo.
In every army camp there should be an ample number of staff that have high military knowledge and experience in drawing plans and in running the battles. It is generally necessary that these staff be provided for the army in the highest possible number.
Hii ni kwa sababu ya kanuni ‘Kile ambacho bila hicho wajibu hauwezi kutekelezwa, chenyewe ni wajibu.’ Kwa hiyo, pale ambapo elimu ya kijeshi haijaeleweka kinadharia kwa kujifunza, na kiutendaji kwa mafunzo endelevu na matumizi ya vitendo, basi haitazaa uzoefu unaomwezesha mtu kushiriki katika mapambano na kuandaa mipango. Kwa hiyo, kutoa elimu ya juu ya kijeshi ni wajibu. Kusoma na kufanya mafunzo endelevu pia ni wajibu, ili jeshi liendelee kujiandaa kwa Jihadi na pia kushiriki katika mapambano wakati wote. Kwa kuwa jeshi lipo katika kambi nyingi, na kila moja ya kambi zake lazima liweze kushiriki katika mapambano mara moja, kunapaswa kuwepo idadi ya kutosha ya wafanyakazi katika kila kambi, kulingana na kanuni ‘Kile kinachohitajika ili kutekeleza wajibu, chenyewe ni wajibu.’ Pia lazima jeshi liwe na silaha, vifaa, miundombinu na mahitaji mengine yanayoliwezesha kutekeleza wajibu wake kama jeshi la Kiislamu.
This is due to the principle ‘That without which a duty can not be performed is itself a duty.’ So where military education is not digested theoretically by learning, and practically by continuous training and practical application, then it will not produce experience which enables one to engage in battles and to draw up plans. Therefore providing high military education is a duty. Continuous study and training is also a duty so that the army continues to prepare for Jihad and also for engaging in battles at every moment. Since the army exists in many camps and every one of its camps has to be able to engage in battle immediately, there should be an ample number of staff in each camp according to the principle, ‘What is necessary to perform a duty is itself a duty.’ There must also be available to the army, weapons, equipment, facilities and other requirements, which enable it to carry out its duty in its capacity as an Islamic army.
Hii ni kwa sababu ya kauli ya Allah (SWT):
This is due to the saying of Allah (swt):
"Jitayarisheni, dhidi yao, kwa nguvu zenu zote mnazoweza, pamoja na farasi wa vita, ili kuwatia hofu adui wa Allah na adui zenu, na wengine ambao hamwajui, lakini Allah anawajua." [TMQ Al-Anfal: 60]
“Make ready, against them, your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom you may not know, but whom Allah does know.” [TMQ Al-Anfal: 60]
Kwa hiyo kujiandaa kwa vita ni wajibu, na maandalizi haya yanapaswa kuwa ya wazi ili kuwatisha maadui na wanafiki kutoka miongoni mwa raia. Kauli Yake (SWT),
So the preparation for fighting is a duty and this preparation should be open so as to intimidate the enemies and the hypocrites from within the citizens. His (swt) saying,
"Kuwatisha hofu" ni ʿIlla (sababu) ya maandalizi. Maandalizi hayatakamilika isipokuwa sababu ambayo sheria hii ilikuja kwa ajili yake imepatikana, nayo ni kuwatisha maadui na wanafiki. Hivyo ndipo likaja jukumu la kuweka tayari silaha zote na vifaa vya jeshi ili hofu ipatikane. Pia ni sababu ya ziada kwa jeshi, ili liweze kutekeleza wajibu wake, ambao ni Jihadi ya kufikisha ujumbe wa Uislamu. Allah (SWT) ametuelekeza kuhusu maandalizi. Amesema kuwa sababu (ʿIlla) ya maandalizi ni kuwatisha maadui wa wazi na maadui ambao hawaonekani. Allah (SWT) anasema: {Wandalieni wao nguvu zote mnazoweza na farasi wa vita, ili mwatie hofu adui wa Allah na adui wenu, na wengine wasiokuwa wao, msiowajua lakini Allah anawajua.} [TMQ Al-Anfal: 60]
“to strike terror” is the ‘Illah (reason) for preparation. The preparation will not be complete unless the reason for which this legislation came has been achieved, which is intimidating the enemies and the hypocrites. Hence came the duty of making available all the arms and equipment for the army in order that intimidation is produced. It is also all the more reason for the army, so that it is able to carry out its duty that is Jihad to convey the message of Islam. Allah (swt) addressed us about preparation. He stated that the reason (‘Illah) for preparation is intimidating the open enemies and enemies who are not apparent. Allah (swt) says; “Make ready, against them, your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom you may not know, but whom Allah does know.” [TMQ Al-Anfal: 60]
Usahihi wa hali ya juu wa Aya hii unapaswa kuzingatiwa, ambapo Allah (SWT) hakuwaamuru Waislamu kujiandaa kwa ajili ya kupigana, bali kwa ajili ya kutisha, jambo ambalo lina maana ya kina zaidi. Hii ni kwa sababu ujuzi wa adui kuhusu nguvu za Waislamu unamzuia kuwashambulia au kukabiliana nao. Hii ni mojawapo ya mbinu kuu zinazoweza kutumika ili kushinda vita na kupata ushindi.
The utmost accuracy in the Ayah has to be noticed, where Allah (swt) did not order Muslims to make preparation for the purpose of fighting but for the purpose of intimidation, which is more profound. This is because knowledge of the enemy about the force of the Muslims deters it from attacking them or confronting them. This is one of the greatest styles that can be used to win a war and attain victory.