12.2 Kutekeleza maslahi ni sehemu ya kuendesha mambo ya utawala
12.2 Discharging of interests is part of ruling affairs
Kusimamia maslahi ni sehemu ya kuendesha mambo ya umma. Hili ni jukumu la Khalifah, ambaye kwa hiyo anahifadhi haki ya kuchukua mtindo wowote wa kiutawala anaoutaka na kuufanya uwe wa lazima. Khalifah ana haki ya kutunga sheria na mifumo ya kiutawala na kuwalazimisha watu kuitekeleza. Hizi ni hukumu za matawi, na Khalifah ana ruhusa ya kuwalazimisha watu kutenda kwa mujibu wake. Watu lazima watii amri zake, kwa kuwa hii ni utekelezaji wa matawi ya kanuni aliyoichagua. Kutekeleza mojawapo kati ya hayo kunamaanisha kuacha mengine. Hili ni sawa kabisa na kuchagua hukumu za kimungu, na linapaswa kushughulikiwa kwa namna hiyo hiyo. Ni kosa kusema kwamba mitindo hii ni inayoruhusiwa (Mubah) na kwamba mtu yeyote ana haki ya kuchukua mtindo wowote anaotaka. Kwa hiyo, iwapo Khalifah angelazimisha jambo moja lililoruhusiwa na kukataza jingine lililoruhusiwa, angekuwa anakataza lile lililoruhusiwa. Hili ni kosa, kwa sababu kwa kuchukua mtindo fulani, Khalifah hafanyi lile lililoruhusiwa kuwa la lazima na kukataza jingine lililoruhusiwa; anatenda tu ndani ya haki alizopewa na Shariah. Mojawapo ya haki hizo ni kuchukua hukumu za kimungu pamoja na mitindo inayosaidia kuzitekeleza. Mamlaka ya lazima yanayomruhusu kuchukua hukumu pia yanamruhusu kuchukua mitindo itakayomsaidia kutekeleza hukumu hizo. Kwa hiyo ana haki ya kuichukua, na raia wake lazima wafuate aliyoichukua, wasitumie mitindo mingine ikiwa amewazuia kufanya hivyo. Aina hii ya jambo lililoruhusiwa ni ile inayotumika kusimamia mambo ya watu. Kwa hiyo ni halali (Mubah) kwa Khalifah kuchukua mtindo huo kwa ajili ya kuendesha mambo ya watu, kwa sababu ulezi ni jukumu lake. Kuchukua mitindo kama hiyo si jambo lililoruhusiwa kwa watu kwa ujumla, kwa kuwa hawana mamlaka ya ulezi. Hivyo, wajibu wa kufuata kile alichokichukua Khalifah unatokana na wajibu wa kumtii, wala si kwa sababu ya kufanya jambo lililoruhusiwa kuwa la lazima.
Discharging the interests is part of running the affairs. This is the duty of the Khaleefah, who therefore reserves the right to adopt any administrative style He wishes and make it binding. The Khaleefah has the right to enact the administrative laws and systems and oblige people to implement them. These are subsidiary actions and the Khaleefah is allowed to oblige the people to act in accordance with them. The people must obey his orders, as this is an enforcement of the subsidiaries of a rule that He has adopted. Enforcement of one of them means abandoning others. This is exactly the same as the adoption of divine rules and should be treated in the same manner. It is an error to say that these styles are permitted (Mubah) and any person is entitled to adopt any style He wishes, so if the Khaleefah imposed a Mubah and prohibited another, He would be forbidding the Mubah. This is an error because, by adopting a certain style, the Khaleefah would not be making a Mubah compulsory and forbidding another Mubah, He would merely be acting within the rights given to Him by Shar’a. One of these rights is the adoption of divine rules and styles that help to perform them. The mandatory powers that allow Him to adopt the rules also allow Him to adopt the styles that would help Him to perform such rules. He is therefore entitled to adopt them, and his subjects must abide by what He has adopted and not use other styles if He prevented them from doing so. This type of Mubah action is that used to look after people’s affairs. It is therefore Mubah (permissible) for the Khaleefah to adopt it for running people’s affairs because the guardianship is his duty. Adopting such styles would not be Mubah for the people at large for they do not have the mandate of guardianship. Thus the obligation of abiding by what the Khaleefah has adopted is because of the obligation of obedience to Him and not because of making the Mubah compulsory.