قال الله تعالى: {إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ} (القمر: 49)

Allah Most High says, {Verily, all things have We created in proportion and measure.} (AI-Qamar: 49)

ذكر ابنُ الجوزي في تفسيره رأيين في سببِ نزولِ هذه الآية.

In his Tafsir, Ibn AI-Jawzi highlighted two views concerning the occasion of revelation of this verse.

الرأيُ الأول يرويه مسلم عن أبي هريرة (رضي الله عنه).

The first view is reported by Muslim on the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him)

أن كفار مكة جاءوا يجادلون رسول الله ﷺ في القدر، فنزلت الآية لدحض دعواهم. أما أبو أمامة فيرى أن هذه الآية نزلت في ما يسمى بالجبرية. والرأي الثاني أن أسقف نجران جاء إلى رسول الله ﷺ فقال: "يا محمد! تزعم أن الذنوب مقدّرة من الله، وهذا موقف خاطئ." فقال رسول الله ﷺ: "أنتم أعداء الله." ثم نزلت الآيات: {إِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِينَ فِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ * يَوْمَ يُسْحَبُونَ فِي النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ ذُوقُوا مَسَّ سَقَرَ * إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ} (القمر: 47-49)

that the disbelievers of Mecca came to dispute with the Messenger of Allah concerning the Destiny, then the verse was revealed to refute their claims. Abu Umamah, however, is of the opinion that this verse was revealed concerning the so-called fatalism. The second view is that the bishop of Najran came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said, "O Muhammed! you claim that sins are predetermined by Allah, but this is a wrong attitude." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) replied, "You are the enemies of Allah.” Then the following verses were revealed {Truly those in sin are the ones in error and madness. The Day they will be dragged through the Fire on their faces, (they will hear.) taste ye the touch of Hell!’ Verily, all things have We created in proportion and measure.} (AI-Qamar: 47-49)