قال الله تعالى: {وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ بِغَيْرِ مَا اكْتَسَبُوا فَقَدِ احْتَمَلُوا بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا} (الأحزاب: 58)

Allah the Almighty has said, {And those who annoy believing men and women undeservedly, bear (on themselves) a calumny and a glaring sin.} (AI-Ahzahb: 58)

وقال الله تعالى: {وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِمَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} (الشعراء: ٢١٥)

Allah also said, {And lower thy wing to the believers who follow thee.} (Ash-Shu'ara': 216)

قال أبو هريرة رضي الله عنه: قال رسول الله ﷺ: «قال الله تعالى (في الحديث القدسي): "من عادى لي وليًّا فقد آذنته بالحرب»". وفي رواية أخرى: «فقد آذنتُه بالحرب».1

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, “Allah said (in a Qudsi hadith), "He who is hostile to a friend of Mine, I declare war against. In another narration, “ Then I apprise him with a war.”1

وفي حديث آخر، رُوِيَ أنه "جاء أبو سفيان مرة إلى سلمانَ وصهيبٍ وبلالٍ، وهم في مجلسٍ مع نفرٍ آخرين."

In another hadith, it is reported that, "Once Abu Sufyan came to Salman, Suhayb and Bilal while they were in gathering with some other people.

قالوا: "والله ما أخذت سيوف الله من عدو الله حقها بعد." فقال أبو بكر رضي الله عنه: "أتقولون هذا لشيخ قريش وسيدها؟" ثم جاء إلى النبي ﷺ فأخبره، فقال النبي ﷺ: "يا أبا بكر، لئن كنت أغضبتهم لقد أغضبت ربك." فأتاهم أبو بكر رضي الله عنه وقال: "يا إخوتي! أغضبتكم؟" فقالوا: "لا، يغفر الله لك يا أخانا."

They said, "By Allah, the swords of Allah did not yet take its right from the enemy of Allah. Abu Bakr (,may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Did you say such words for the sheikh and master of Quraish? He, then came to the Prophet (pbuh) and told him. The Prophet said, "0 Abu Bakr if you anger them, you anger your Lord". Abu Bakr (pbuh) when to them and asked, "0 my brothers! Did I anger you? They replied, "No, may Allah forgive you our brother?” 2

قال الله تعالى: {وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ} (الكهف: 28)

Allah, the Almighty said, {And keep yourself content with those who call on their Lord, morning and evening, seeking his face.} (AI-Kahf: 28)

نزلت هذه الآية في تفضيل الفقراء، وسبب نزولها كما يلي:

This verse was revealed concerning preference of the poor. Its cause of revelation goes as follows:

أوَّلُ مَنْ آمَنَ بِرَسولِ اللهِ ﷺ كانوا من الفقراء، وهذا صحيحٌ بالنسبةِ لكلِّ نبيٍّ أُرسِل.

the first to believe in Allah's Prophet (pbuh) were the poor. This is true with respect of every sent Prophet.

كان رسول الله ﷺ يجلس مع الفقراء من أصحابه، مثل سلمان وصهيب وبلال وعمّار بن ياسر، رضي الله عنهم جميعاً. ولذلك أراد المشركون أن يوقعوه في الفتنة بإبعاد الفقراء، لأنهم سمعوا أن أول علامة النبي الصادق أن يتبعه الفقراء. فجاء بعض المشركين إلى النبي ﷺ فقالوا: "يا محمد، أبعد عنك هؤلاء الفقراء، فإننا نأنف أن نجلس معهم. فإن أبعدتهم آمن بك سادةُ الناس وأشرافهم." فأنزل الله تعالى: {وَلَا تَطْرُدِ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ} [الأنعام: ٥٢].

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) used to set with the poor amongst his companions such as, Salman, Suhayb, Bilal and `Ammar Ibn Yasir (may Allah be pleased with them all). Consequently the polytheists wanted to trap him by driving out the poor for they heard that the first sign of the true Prophet is that he would be followed by the poor. Some polytheists came to the Prophet and said, "O Muhammad, drive the poor out for we disdain to sit with them. If you drive them out, the masters and notable of people will believe in you. Consequently, Allah, the Almighty revealed, {Send not away those who call on their Lord, morning and evening, seeking His face.} AI-An'am: 52)

لَمَّا يَئِسَ المُشْرِكُونَ مِنْ أَنْ يَطْرُدَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ الفُقَرَاءَ، قَالُوا: «يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنْ لَمْ تَطْرُدْهُمْ فَاجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ فَصْلًا، بِأَنْ تَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ يَوْمًا وَلَنَا يَوْمًا». فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى: {وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ يُرِيدُونَ وَجْهَهُ، وَلَا تَعْدُ عَيْنَاكَ عَنْهُمْ تُرِيدُ زِينَةَ الحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} (الكهف: 28).

When the polytheist despaired of Muhammad driving the poor out they said, "a Muhammad, if you will not drive them out, separate between us by making a day for them and another for us. Consequently, Allah the Almighty revealed, {And keep yourself COl1tent with those who call on their Lord morning and evening, seeking His face, and let not thine eyes pass beyond them, seeking the pomp and glitter of this life.} (Al-Kahf: 28)

هذا يعني أنه ينبغي لك أن تُلازم أهل هذا الصنف من الناس، وألّا تصرف بصرك إلى المكاسب الدنيوية أو مفاتنها.

This means that you should keep yourself amongst such kind of people and should not turn your eyes to worldly gain, or worldly attractions.

{قُلِ الْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ ۖ فَمَن شَاءَ فَلْيُؤْمِن وَمَن شَاءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ} (الكهف: 29)

{Say, the truth is from your Lord." Let him who will, believe, and let him who will, reject (it).} (Al-Kahf: 29)

ثُمَّ يَضْرِبُ اللَّهُ مَثَلَ الغَنِيِّ وَالفَقِيرِ، فَيَقُولُ: {وَاضْرِبْ لَهُم مَّثَلًا رَّجُلَيْنِ} (الكهف: ٣٢)

Then Allah strikes the sii11ilitude of the rich and the poor saying, {Set forth to them the parable of the two men.} (Al-Khaf: 32)

{وَاضْرِبْ لَهُم مَّثَلَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} (الكہف: 45)

{Set forth to them the similitude of the life of this world.} (Al-Kahf: 45)

لَمَّا هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، هَاجَرَ مَعَهُ الْفُقَرَاءُ، فَسَكَنُوا فِي صُفَّةِ مَسْجِدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، وَقَدْ سُمُّوا بِأَهْلِ الصُّفَّةِ.

When the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) migrated to Medina, the poor migrated with him and tbey lived in the courtyard of the Mosque of the Prophet. They, in turn were called the people of Sufa (courtyard).

كان أي فقير هاجر من مكة ينضم إليهم في المدينة حتى صاروا عددًا كبيرًا (رضي الله عنهم جميعًا).

Any poor who migrated from Mecca, would join them in Medina until they were of a huge number (may Allah be pleased with them all).