مثل الذبح باسم الشيطان، أو باسم صنم، أو باسم شيخ. قال الله تعالى: {وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا مِمَّا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ} (الأنعام: 121)

Such as slaughtering in the name of Satan, an idol, or in the name of a sheikh. Allah, the Almighty has said, {Eat not of what the name of Allah has not been mentioned over.} (AI-An'am: 121)

وفي هذه الآية قال ابنُ عباس: "المقصودُ به الميتةُ وما قُتِلَ خنقًا، وجميعُ هذه الأنواعِ داخلةٌ في آيةِ سورةِ المائدةِ (5:3)". وقال الكلبي: "المقصودُ به ما لم يُذكَرِ اسمُ اللهِ عليه، وما ذُبِحَ لغيرِ اللهِ". وقال عطاءٌ: "حرّمَ اللهُ ما ذبحتْهُ قريشٌ لأصنامِها".

Concerning this verse, Ibn ' Abbas said, "What is meant is that the dead animals and that which killed by strangling. All these types are included in the verse of AI-Ma'idah (5:3). AI-Kalbi said, what is meant is that over which the name of Allah was not mentioned and that which is slaughtered to other than Allah's name. `Ata' said, "Allah prohibited animals which were slaughtered by the people of Quraish for their idols.

قال الله تعالى: {وَإِنَّهُ لَفِسْقٌ}، أي أن كل ما ذُبح ولم يُذكر عليه اسم الله فهو ميتة، وهو فسق. {وَإِنَّ الشَّيَاطِينَ لَيُوحُونَ إِلَىٰ أَوْلِيَائِهِمْ لِيُجَادِلُوكُمْ}. يوسوس الشيطان لأوليائه أن يجادلوا المؤمن بالباطل في شأن الميتات. قال ابن عباس: أوحى الشيطان إلى أوليائه من الإنس قائلاً: كيف تعبدون شيئاً لا تأكلونه مما يقتله، وتأكلون ما تقتلونه أنتم؟ فأنزل الله تعالى: {وَإِنْ أَطَعْتُمُوهُمْ}، أي في جعل الميتة حلالاً، {إِنَّكُمْ لَمُشْرِكُونَ}. قال الزجاج: وهذا دليل على أن من أحل ما حرم الله أو حرم ما أحل الله فهو مشرك.

Allah's saying, {Verily it is disobedience} means that all things which are slaughtered and over which the name of Allah was not mentioned are dead and it is disobedience. {But the Satan ever inspire their friends to contend with you.} The Satan whispers to his friend to argue falsely with the believer concerning the dead animals Ibn 'Abbas said, the Satan inspired to his friend from human beings saying, how do you worship a thing which you do not eat what he kills, yet you eat what you kill? Consequently, Allah, the Almighty revealed, {If ye were to obey them} i.e. making the dead a lawful thing, {Ye would indeed be pagans.} AI-Zajaj said, this is evidence that he who made what Allah has prohibited lawful or vice versa, is a polytheist.

قد يُسأل: كيف تكون ذبائح المسلم حلالاً مع أنه نسي أن يذكر اسم الله، والآية تنص على خلاف ذلك؟ والجواب: إن التفاسير بيّنت أن المراد بقوله تعالى: {وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا مِمَّا لَمْ يُذْكَرِ اسْمُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ} هو الميتة، لا الذبائح التي نسي فيها المسلم ذكر اسم الله. وثمة أمور كثيرة تدل على أن الآية متعلقة بالميتة، منها قوله تعالى: {وَإِنَّهُ لَفِسْقٌ}. فهل يكون من أكل من ذبيحة المسلم الذي نسي ذكر اسم الله فاسقاً؟

It may be asked, how the slaughterings of the Muslim are lawful although he forgot to mention Allah's name and the verse stated the contrary? The answer will be: The interpretations stated that what is meant by "On which Allah's name hath not been mentioned, is the dead animals and not the slaughterings on which the Muslim has forgotten to mention the name of Allah. There are many things that indicated that the verse is concerned with the dead, such as {verily it is an obedience.} Therefore, the one who eats from the slaughtering of the Muslim on which he has forgotten to mention the name of Allah is not a profligate?

وكذلك، {وإنّ الشياطين ليوحون إلى أوليائهم ليجادلوكم}. بإجماع التفاسير، كانت المجادلة بشأن الميتة لا بشأن ما ذبحه المسلم. وبالمثل، {وإن أطعتموهم إنكم لمشركون}. رواه أبو منصور عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه، قال: "سأل رجلٌ رسولَ الله ﷺ: ما تقول في رجل يذبح ولا يذكر اسم الله؟ فقال النبي ﷺ: "اسم الله على فم كل مسلم"."1

Likewise, {But the Satan ever inspire their friends to contend with you.}. By the consensus of the interpretations, the contention was concerning the dead animals and not of the Muslim. By the same token, {If ye were to obey them, ye would indeed be pagans.} Abu Mansour told that, on the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him). Who said, "A man asked the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) what do you say concerning a man who slaughters but forgets to mention Allah's name? The Prophet (pbuh) said, "The name of Allah is on the mouth of every Muslim.”1

وحدثنا أبو منصور أيضاً عن ابن عباس أنه قال: قال النبي ﷺ: «يكفي المسلمَ اسمُه، فإن نسي أن يسمّي الله فليذكره، وليذكر الله ثم ليأكل».1

Abu Mansour also told us on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that" The Prophet (pbuh) said, "For the Muslim, his name is sufficient and if he forgot to mention Allah's name let him mention it, remember Allah and then eat.”1

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، أَخْبَرَنَا عَنْ عَائِشَةَ (رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا)، قَالَتْ: قَالَ أُنَاسٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنَّ قَوْمًا يَأْتُونَا بِلَحْمٍ لَا نَدْرِي أَذُكِرَ اسْمُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «اذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ وَكُلُوهُ». [2]

`Arnr Ibn Abi ' Amr told us on the authority of `Aishah (may Allah be pleased with both of them) that, "Some people said, 0 Messenger of Allah, people bring us a meat but we do not know whether Allah's name was mentioned over it or not? The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Mention Allah's name over it and eat it.” 2

وقد سبق أن ذُكر أن رسول الله ﷺ قال: «لعن الله من ذبح لغير الله».

It is previously mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "May Allah curse who ever slaughters in other than Allah's name.” 3