Mataimakin wakili shi ne Wazirin da Khalifa ya naɗa domin ya ɗauki nauyin mulki da iko tare da shi. Khalifa yana ba shi ikon tafiyar da harkokin ƙasa bisa ra'ayinsa, da aiwatar da su bisa ijtihadinsa, cikin bin ƙa'idodin Shari'a.

The delegated assistant is the Wazir whom the Khaleefah appoints to bear with Him the responsibilities of ruling and authority. The Khaleefah delegates to Him the running of the state’s affairs according to his opinion and executing them according to his Ijtihad in compliance with the Shar’a rules.

Nadin mataimaki (Mu'awin) abu ne mai izini (Mubah) wanda halifa zai iya nadawa. Shi ne wanda aka wakilta, yana taimaka wa halifa a cikin nauyin aikinsa da ayyukansa. Al-Haakim da at-Tirmithi sun ruwaito daga Abi Sa'id al-Khudri, ya ce: Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce:

The appointment of the Mu’awin is one of the Mubah matters that means the Khaleefah is allowed to appoint a delegated assistant to Him who helps Him in his responsibilities and tasks. Al-Haakim and at- Tirmithi reported from Abi Sa’id al-Khudri, He said that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said:

"Mataimakana biyu (Wazirai) daga sama su ne Jibreel da Mika'il, kuma a bayan ƙasa kuwa su ne Abu Bakr da 'Umar." Ma'anar kalmar Wazir a cikin Hadisi ita ce mataimaki da mai taimako, wato ma'anarta ta harshe. An yi amfani da ita da wannan ma'ana a cikin Alƙur'ani; Allah (SWT) ya ce:

“My two ministers (Wazirs) from the heavens are Jibreel and Mika’il and on the earth are Abu Bakr and ‘Umar.” The word Wazir in the Hadith means the helper and the assistant, which is the linguistic meaning. It has been used in the Qur’an with such a meaning; Allah (swt) says:

"Ka ba ni wazīri daga iyalina." [TMQ Ta-Ha: 29]

“Give me a minister (Wazir) from my family.” [TMQ Ta-Ha: 29]

Kalmar "Wazir" a cikin Hadisi tana cikin ma'anarta ta gaba ɗaya (Mutlaq), wadda ta ƙunshi duk wani taimako ko agaji a kowane al'amari; saboda haka, yana iya taimakon Khalifa a ayyuka da nauyin Khilafah. Hadisin Abi Sa'id al-Khudri ba ya takaita ga taimako a al'amarin mulki ba, domin Jibra'il da Mika'il, mataimakan Manzon Allah ﷺ guda biyu daga sama, ba su da wata alaƙa ta taimaka masa a nauyi da ayyukan mulki. Don haka, kalmar "Waziray" (mataimakana biyu) a cikin Hadisin ba ta nufin wani abu face ma'anarta ta harshe, wato mataimakana biyu. Ɗaukar wani a matsayin mataimaki ko mai taimako yana cikin abubuwan Mubah, haka nan naɗa Wazir yana cikin abubuwan Mubah. Naɗin Abu Bakr da 'Umar a matsayin Wazirai da Manzon Allah ﷺ bai fita daga iyakar ma'anar harshe ba, domin ba a ga cewa sun ɗauki nauyin mulki tare da Manzon Allah ﷺ ba. Duk da haka, naɗa su a matsayin Wazirai guda biyu gare shi ya ba su ikon wajibi na taimaka masa a kowane al'amari, ba tare da takaita hakan ga al'amuran mulki da gwamnati ba. Naɗin su a matsayin Wazirai yana nuna cewa ana halatta Khalifa ya ɗauki wanda zai taimake shi, ya tallafa masa a al'amuran mulki da ayyukansa a matsayin Wazir. Bayan Abu Bakr ya zama Khalifa, ya naɗa 'Umar ibn al-Khattab a matsayin mataimakinsa. Taimakonsa ya bayyana sosai har wasu daga cikin Sahabbai suka ce wa Abu Bakr: "Ba mu iya sanin ko Khalifa kai ne ko 'Umar." Da 'Umar ya riƙe matsayin Khilafah, 'Uthman da 'Ali sun zama mataimakan 'Umar, amma ba su bayyana suna yin wata rawar mataimaka ga 'Umar a al'amuran mulki ba. Halinsu ya yi kama da na Abu Bakr da 'Umar tare da Manzon Allah ﷺ. A zamanin 'Uthman, 'Ali da Marwan ibn al-Hakam su ne mataimakansa biyu. Sai dai 'Ali bai ji daɗin wasu al'amura ba, don haka ya nisanta kansa. Sai dai, ƙarfin Marwan a matsayin Wazirin Uthman ya bayyana sosai wajen taimakon Uthman a ayyukan mulki.

The word Wazir in the Hadith is unrestricted (Mutlaq) which includes any help or assistance in any matter; therefore He can assist the Khaleefah in the functions and the tasks of the Khilafah. The Hadith of Abi Sa’id al- Khudri is not specific to the assistance in the matter of ruling, because Jibra’il and Mika’il, the two Wazirs of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) from the heaven, have no relationship in helping Him in the responsibilities and functions of ruling. Therefore, the word Waziray (my two Wazirs) in the Hadith does not indicate other than the linguistic meaning, which is my two assistants. Taking anyone as an assistant or as a helper is of the Mubah matters, likewise appointing the Wazir is of the Mubah matters. The Messenger’s appointment of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar as Wazirs does not go out of the bounds of the linguistic meaning, since it does not appear that they carried along with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) the tasks of ruling. However appointing them as two Wazirs to Him gives them the mandatory powers of assisting Him in every matter without restricting that in the matters and tasks of ruling and the government. Appointing them as Wazirs indicates that it is allowed for the Khaleefah to take as a Wazir a person who assists Him and helps Him in the matters and tasks of ruling. After Abu Bakr became the Khaleefah, He appointed ‘Umar ibn al- Khattab as an assistant to him. His assistance was so evident to the point that some of the Sahabah said to Abu Bakr; “we cannot tell whether the Khaleefah is yourself or ‘Umar.” Once ‘Umar held the post of the Khilafah, ‘Uthman and ‘Ali were ‘Umar’s assistants, but they did not appear to carry out any assistant role to ‘Umar in the matters of ruling. Their situation was similar to that of Abu Bakr and ‘Umar with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). At the time of ‘Uthman, ‘Ali and Marwan ibn al-Hakam were his two assistants. However ‘Ali was unhappy about some affairs, so He remained distant. However, Marwan’s Wizara was quite evident in assisting ‘Uthman in the tasks of ruling.

Idan Khaleefah ya naɗa wani ya zama mataimakinsa a al'amuran mulki, ya ba shi ikon tafiyar da al'amuran gaba ɗaya a matsayin wakilinsa. Ta irin wannan wakilci, wanda aka wakilta ya zama Wazir kuma mataimaki wakili ga Khaleefah, yana da nauyi irin na Khaleefah. Sai dai ba shi da iko kamar na Khaleefah da kansa, illa ta hanyar mika masa aikin wizara'i daga Khaleefah a matsayin wakilinsa. Saboda haka, idan Khaleefah ya ce: "Na naɗa fulani a matsayin Wazir wakili na," ko "a matsayin mataimaki wakili na," ko ya ce wa wani: "Ka zama wakilina cikin abin da aka ɗora mini," ko kuma wata kalma irin wannan, to wanda aka naɗa zai mallaki dukkan ikon da Khaleefah yake da shi a matsayin wakilinsa. Al-Mawardi, a littafinsa Al Ahkam Al-Sultaniyya, ya kira wannan matsayi "Wizarat-ut-Tafweed", kuma ya bayyana shi kamar haka: "Amma wizarar wakilci, ita ce Imam ya naɗa Wazir wanda zai wakilta masa tafiyar da al'amura bisa ra'ayinsa, yana aiwatar da su bisa ijtihadinsa." Wannan ita ce hakikanin mataimaki wakili. Shi mataimaki ne ga Khaleefah a dukkan ayyukan Khilafah. Yana da izinin aiwatar da duk wani aiki da ya shafi Khilafah, ko Khaleefah ya wakilta masa wannan aiki ta musamman ko bai wakilta ba, domin an ba shi wakilci na gaba ɗaya. Duk da haka, dole ne ya koma wa Khaleefah game da kowane aiki da ya yi, domin shi mataimaki ne ba Khaleefah ba. Don haka ba zai iya zama mai cin gashin kansa daga Khaleefah ba, dole ne ya sanar da shi kowane mataki da ya ɗauka, komai girmansa ko ƙanƙantarsa. Wannan saboda tafiyar da al'amuran mulki an danƙa wa Khaleefah ne.

If the Khaleefah appointed someone to be his assistant in the matters of ruling, He delegates to Him the administration of the affairs, in general terms, as a deputy to him. By such delegation, the delegated person becomes a Wazir and a delegated assistant to the Khaleefah and, He has responsibilities like those of the Khaleefah. However, He does not possess his powers by himself like the Khaleefah, rather through the assignment of the wizara’ to Him by the Khaleefah as a deputy to him. Therefore, if the Khaleefah declares I have appointed so and so person as my delegated Wazir, or as my delegated assistant, or if He said to someone: ‘Be my deputy in what is assigned to me’ or any other wording to that effect, then the designated person would thereafter enjoy all the mandatory powers of the Khaleefah as deputy to him. Al-Mawardi, in his book Al Ahkam Al-Sultaniyya called this post ‘Wizarat-ut-Tafweed, and He described it as follows; “As for the delegated Wizarah, it means that the Imam appoints a Wazir, for whom He delegates the running of the affairs according to his own opinion and executing them according to his own Ijtihad.” This is the reality of the delegated assistant. He is an assistant to the Khaleefah in all the Khilafah functions. He has a mandate to perform any task related to the Khilafah, whether the Khaleefah delegated that particular task to Him or not, for He has been given a general delegation. However, He should report back to the Khaleefah for every task He performs, for He is an assistant and not a Khaleefah. Thus He cannot be independent of the Khaleefah but must report to Him about every action He undertakes no matter how big or small. This is because the running of the ruling affairs is commissioned to the Khaleefah.

Wannan hakika ta mataimaki ko Wazir a cikin Shari'ah ta bambanta da hakikar ma'aikatar a tsarin dimokuradiyya. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ma'aikatar a tsarin dimokuradiyya ita ce gwamnati; wato wata ƙungiyar mutane wadda, a matsayinta na ƙungiya ta musamman, take aiwatar da mulki. Wannan ya faru ne saboda mulki, a ra'ayinsu, na ƙungiyar ne ba na mutum ɗaya ba. A wata ma'ana, Imarah (shugabanci) tana ta gama-gari ne ba ta mutum ɗaya ba. Saboda haka, mai mulki na gaskiya wanda yake da dukkan ikon mulki na wajibi shi ne gwamnati, watau ƙungiyar ministoci, kuma babu wani daga cikinsu da yake da cikakken izinin mulki, sai dai izinin mulki yana tsakanin dukkan majalisar zartarwa. Dangane da minista ɗaya kuwa, an ba shi wani fanni na mulki wanda a cikinsa zai mallaki ikon wajibi, wanda gwamnati baki ɗaya take ba shi. Dangane da fannonin da ba a ba shi ba, suna nan a hannun gwamnati a matsayin majalisar zartarwa, ba a hannun sa da kansa ba. Misali, ministan shari'a yana da wasu iko na wajibi a cikin ma'aikatarsa, sannan akwai wasu al'amura wadanda ba shi da izini a kansu, sai dai gwamnati baki ɗaya ce take yanke hukunci a kansu tana kuma gudanar da su. Wannan ita ce hakikar gwamnati a tsarin dimokuradiyya. Daga nan muna ganin babban bambanci tsakaninta da Wizara a tsarin Musulunci, kuma muna iya ganin babban bambancin ma'ana tsakanin kalmar Wazir wato mataimaki a Musulunci da kalmar Wazir wato minista a tsarin dimokuradiyya. Saboda haka, Wazir da Wizara (minista da ma'aikata) a tsarin Musulunci na nufin mataimakin Khaleefah a dukkan ayyukansa ba tare da togiya ba, inda yake gudanar da irin waɗannan ayyuka sannan yana komawa ga Khaleefah yana ba shi rahoto. Wizara matsayi ne na mutum ɗaya guda, wanda mutum ɗaya ne yake gudanarwa, kuma idan aka ba shi fiye da mutum ɗaya, kowannensu zai mallaki irin wannan ikon wajibi da Khaleefah yake da shi. Wizara (ministan) a tsarin dimokuraɗiyya, a gefe guda kuma, a zahiri ƙungiya ce, ba mutum ɗaya ba, inda kowane minista yake da iko kawai a kan wani takamaiman fanni na mulki. Ba shi da cikakken iko, sai dai iko mai iyaka. Abin da ke sama ya bayyana sarai bambanci tsakanin ma'anonin Wazir da Wizara a Musulunci da ma'anoninsu a tsarin dimokuraɗiyya. Duk da haka, ma'anonin Wazir da Wizara kamar yadda tsarin dimokuraɗiyya ya bayyana su su ne ma'anoni da suka fi yaɗuwa kuma suka shahara; idan an ambace su, su ne ma'anonin da suke fara zuwa zuciyar mutane nan take. Saboda haka, domin kawar da duk wata ruɗani da kuma tabbatar da ainihin ma'anar Shari'a, tare da keɓe duk sauran ma'anoni, ba daidai ba ne a kira mataimakan Khalifa da suna Wazirai, a yi amfani da kalmar Wizara ba tare da wani takaitawa ba. Maimakon haka, ya kamata a kira su Mu'awin (mataimaki), kuma wannan ita ce ma'ana ta gaskiya. A gefe guda kuma, ya kamata a sanya wani irin takaitawa idan ana amfani da kalmomin Wazir da Wizara, domin a kore ma'anar dimokuraɗiyya a nuna ma'anar Musulunci kawai. Daga wannan duka muna fahimtar cewa Mu'awin shi ne mutumin da wakilcinsa ya haɗa dukkan ayyukan ƙasa a dukkan yankunan ƙasar. Saboda haka ake cewa: "Khalifa yana ba mataimaki wakilci gabaɗaya a matsayin mataimaki a gare shi." Don haka hakikanin aikin Mu'awin shi ne mataimakin Khalifa; wannan mataimakin ya zama gabaɗaya, ya haɗa dukkan al'amuran ƙasa, wato shi mataimaki ne mai mulki.