Ketahuilah bahwa saya pernah melihat sebuah kitab yang ditulis oleh salah seorang ulama tentang nama-nama orang yang mengenainya diturunkan Al-Qur'an, namun kitab itu tidak akurat dan tidak menyeluruh. Maka saya menyusun dalam pokok bahasan ini sebuah kitab yang luas, menyeluruh, dan akurat, dan saya kutipkan di sini bagian yang berkaitan dengan As-Siddiq, semoga Allah meridhainya.

Know that I have seen a book written by one of the scholars on the names of those about whom Qur’an was revealed but it was not accurate or comprehensive, so I composed on that subject a copious, comprehensive and accurate book and I excerpt from it here that wbich pertains to as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him.

Allah Yang Mahatinggi berfirman, "Yang kedua dari dua orang ketika keduanya berada di dalam gua, ketika dia berkata kepada sahabatnya, 'Janganlah engkau bersedih, sesungguhnya Allah bersama kita.' Lalu Allah menurunkan ketenangan-Nya kepadanya.'" (Al-Qur'an 9: 40) Kaum Muslimin sepakat bulat bahwa sahabat yang disebutkan di sini adalah Abu Bakr, dan akan datang riwayat darinya mengenai hal ini.

Allah, exalted is He, says, "The second of the two when the two of them were in the cave, when he said to his companion, “Do not be sad, truly Allah is with us. ” So Allah sent down His tranquillity upon him.’ (Qur’an 9: 40) The Muslims are unanimously agreed that the companion who is mentioned here is Abu Bakr, and there will come a tradition from him on it.

Ibnu Abi Hatim meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu 'Abbas berkata tentang firman-Nya, Maha Tinggi Dia, "Maka Allah menurunkan ketenangan-Nya kepadanya" (QS. At-Taubah: 26), ia berkata, "Kepada Abu Bakar. Adapun Nabi ﷺ, ketenangan selalu menyertainya." Ibnu Abi Hatim meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu Mas'ud berkata, Abu Bakar membeli Bilal dari Umayyah bin Khalaf dan Ubayy bin Khalaf dengan sehelai kain dan sepuluh keping perak (kira-kira satu ons masing-masing), lalu membebaskannya karena Allah. Kemudian Allah menurunkan, "Demi malam apabila menutupi (cahaya siang)..." hingga firman-Nya, "...sesungguhnya usahamu memang berbeda-beda" (QS. Al-Lail: 1-4), yakni usaha Abu Bakar, Umayyah, dan Ubayy.

Ibn Abi Hatim narrated that Ibn cAbbas said, about His words, exalted is He, ' Then Allah sent down His tranquillity upon him,’ he said, ‘upon Abu Bakr. (As for) the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, tranquillity was always upon him.’ Ibn Abi Hatim narrated that Ibn Mascud said that Abu Bakr bought Bilal from Umayyah ibn Khalf and Ubayy ibn Khalf with a cloak and ten pieces of silver (approximately an ounce each), then set him free for the sake of Allah. Then Allah revealed, "By the night when it covers... ’ up to His words, ‘... truly your endeavours are different,’ (Qur’an 96: 1-4) meaning the endeavours of Abu Bakr, Umayyah and Ubayy.

Ibnu Jarir meriwayatkan bahwa 'Amir bin 'Abdullah bin az-Zubair berkata:

Ibn Jarir narrated that cAmir ibn cAbdullah ibn az-Zubayr said:

Abu Bakr dahulu membebaskan (budak-budak) ketika mereka memeluk Islam, di Makkah. Ia membebaskan para wanita tua dan wanita pada umumnya setiap kali mereka memeluk Islam. Ayahnya berkata, "Anakku, aku melihat engkau membebaskan orang-orang lemah. Mengapa engkau tidak membebaskan laki-laki kuat yang akan berdiri bersamamu, melindungimu, dan menangkis (penyerang) darimu?" Ia menjawab, "Ayah, aku menginginkan apa yang ada di sisi Allah." Ia (Amir) berkata:

Abu Bakr used to set free (slaves) upon (their acceptance of) Islam, in Makkah. He would set free old women and women generally whenever they accepted Islam. His father said, ‘Son, I see you freeing weak people. Why do you not free strong men who would stand with you, protect you and repel (attackers) from you.’ He said, ‘Father, I wish for that which is with Allah.’ He (cAmir) said:

Beberapa keluarga saya memberitahu saya bahwa ayat ini diturunkan tentang dia, ‘Adapun orang yang memberi dan bertakwa...’ (Al-Qur’an 96: 5-21)

Some of my family told me that this ayah was revealed about him, ‘So as for he who gives and has fearful obedience...’ (Qur’an 96: 5-21)

sampai akhirnya.

to its end.

Ibnu Abi Hatim dan at-Thabarani meriwayatkan bahwa 'Urwah berkata bahwa Abu Bakr ash-Shiddiq, semoga Allah meridhainya, memerdekakan tujuh orang yang masing-masing disiksa karena Allah, dan tentang dirinya diturunkan firman-Nya, {Dan orang yang paling bertakwa akan dijauhkan darinya (neraka), yang menginfakkan hartanya untuk membersihkan dirinya, dan tidak ada seorang pun memberikan suatu nikmat kepadanya yang harus dibalasnya, kecuali mencari keridhaan Tuhannya Yang Maha Tinggi, dan kelak dia pasti mendapat kepuasan.} (Al-Qur'an 92: 17-21) hingga akhir surah.

Ibn Abi Hatim and at-Tabarani narrated that cUrwah said that Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, freed seven, each of whom was being tortured for Allah, and that about him was revealed, ‘And the most fearfully obedient will be avertedfrom it (the Fire)...' (Qur’an 96: 18-21) to the end of the surah.

Al-Bazzar meriwayatkan bahwa 'Abdullah bin az-Zubair berkata: Ayat ini, {Dan tidak ada seorang pun yang memperoleh balasan (kebaikan) dari sisi-Nya}6

Al-Bazzar narrated that cAbdullah ibn az-Zubayr said: This ayah, And there is not for anyone with him a benefit to be recompensed,’6

(Qur'an 96: 19) diturunkan tentang Abu Bakar as-Siddiq, semoga Allah meridhainya.

(Qur’an 96: 19) was revealed about Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him.

Al-Bukhari meriwayatkan dari 'Aisyah, semoga Allah meridhainya, bahwa Abu Bakr tidak pernah melanggar sumpah hingga Allah menurunkan kafarat pelanggaran sumpah.

Al-Bukhari narrated that cA’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said that Abu Bakr never used to break oaths until Allah revealed the atonement for breaking an oath.

Al-Bazzar dan Ibnu 'Asakir meriwayatkan bahwa Usayd bin Safwan, yang pernah berkawan (dengan Nabi ﷺ), berkata: 'Ali berkata, "Dan orang yang membawa kebenaran (al-haqq)" (Qur'an 39: 33) adalah Muhammad ﷺ, "dan dia membenarkannya" (Ibid.) merujuk kepada Abu Bakar as-Siddiq.' Ibnu 'Asakir berkata: Riwayatnya demikian, 'dengan al-haqq (kebenaran)' (bukan as-sidq [keikhlasan atau kejujuran], bacaan yang biasa dalam Qur'an), dan mungkin itu adalah bacaan varian dari 'Ali.

Al-Bazzar and Ibn cAsakir narrated that Usayd ibn Safwan, who enjoyed companionship (of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace), said: cAli said, “And the one who came with the truth (al-haqq)" (Qur’an 39: 33) is Muhammad “and he affirmed it" (Ibid.) refers to Abu Bakr as-Siddiq.’ Ibn cAsakir said: The narration is this way, ‘with al-haqq (truth)’ (rather than as-sidq [sincerity or truthfulness] the usual reading in Qur’an) and perhaps it was a variant reading of cAli.

Al-Hakim meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu 'Abbas berbicara tentang firman-Nya, Maha Tinggi Dia, {Dan bermusyawaratlah dengan mereka dalam urusan itu.} (Al-Qur'an 3: 159)

Al-Hakim narrated that Ibn cAbbas spoke about His words, exalted is He, And take their counsel in the matter.’ (Qur’an 3: 159)

Dia berkata, "Ayat itu turun berkenaan dengan Abu Bakr dan Umar." Ibnu Abi Hatim meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu Syaudzab berkata: "Dan bagi orang yang takut akan kedudukan (di hadapan) Tuhannya ada dua surga," (Al-Qur'an, Ar-Rahman: 46) turun berkenaan dengan Abu Bakr, semoga Allah meridhainya.

He said, ‘It was revealed about Abu Bakr and cUmar.’ Ibn Abi Hatim narrated that Ibn Shaw’dhab said: And for him who fears the standing (before) his Lord there are two gardens', (Qur’an M: 46) was revealed about Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him.

At-Tabarani meriwayatkan dalam al-Awsat bahwa Ibnu 'Umar dan Ibnu 'Abbas radhiyallahu 'anhum berkata tentang firman-Nya, Yang Mahatinggi, "Dan orang-orang mukmin yang shalih," (Qur'an 66: 4) bahwa ayat itu turun berkenaan dengan Abu Bakar dan 'Umar.

At-Tabarani narrated in al-Awsat that Ibn cUmar and Ibn cAbbas ruib said about His words, exalted is He, "And the right-acting of the believers,’ (Qur’an 66: 4) that they were revealed about Abu Bakr and ‘Umar.

‘Abdullah ibn Abi Humayd meriwayatkan dalam tafsirnya dari Mujahid, bahwa ketika firman Allah {Sesungguhnya Allah dan malaikat-malaikat-Nya bershalawat untuk Nabi} (Al-Qur'an 33: 56) diturunkan, Abu Bakar berkata, "Wahai Rasulullah ﷺ, Allah tidak menurunkan kebaikan kepadamu kecuali kami turut mendapatkannya," dan kemudian ayat ini diturunkan, {Dialah yang bershalawat untuk kamu (orang-orang mukmin) beserta malaikat-Nya} (Al-Qur'an 33: 43).

‘Abdullah ibn Abi Humayd narrated in his tafsir that Mujahid Nil ill: When ‘ Truly Allah and His angels send blessings on the Prophet I (Qur’an 33: 56) was revealed, Abu Bakr said, ‘Messenger of Allah, Allah has not sent down on you good but that we share in it,’ and I hen this ayah was revealed, ‘He is the One Who sends blessings upon you (the mu’minun) and His angels (send blessings upon you)! (Qur’an 33: 43)

Ibnu cAsakir meriwayatkan bahwa cAli bin al-Husain berkata bahwa ayat ini diturunkan tentang Abu Bakar, cUmar, dan cAli: "Dan Kami cabut dari dada mereka rasa dengki, sebagai saudara-saudara yang duduk berhadap-hadapan di atas dipan-dipan" (Al-Qur'an 15: 47)

I bn cAsakir narrated that cAli ibn al-Hussein said that this ayah was revealed about Abu Bakr, cUmar and cAli, And We wrest away that which is in their breasts of malice, as brothers on couches, facing each other? (Qur’an 15: 47)

Ibnu 'Asakir meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu 'Abbas berkata: "Ayat ini turun tentang Abu Bakar: {Dan Kami wasiatkan kepada manusia agar berbuat baik kepada dua orang ibu-bapaknya} hingga firman-Nya {janji yang benar yang selalu dijanjikan kepada mereka}." (Al-Qur'an 46: 15-16)

Ibn cAsakir narrated that Ibn cAbbas said: ’I here was revealed about Abu Bakr, And We have counselled man with good treatment of his parents! up to His words, ‘the promise of sincerity which they were promised! (Qur’an 46: 15-16)

Ibnu 'Asakir meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu 'Uyaynah berkata: Allah mencela seluruh kaum Muslimin berkenaan dengan Rasulullah ﷺ, kecuali Abu Bakar seorang, karena sesungguhnya ia benar-benar dikecualikan dari celaan itu. Kemudian ia membaca firman-Nya, {Jika kamu tidak menolongnya (Muhammad), maka sungguh, Allah telah menolongnya ketika orang-orang kafir (musyrik Mekah) mengeluarkannya (dari Mekah) sedang dia salah seorang dari dua orang ketika keduanya berada di dalam gua, ketika dia berkata kepada temannya, "Janganlah engkau berduka cita, sesungguhnya Allah bersama kita." (QS. At-Taubah: 40)}.

Ibn cAsakir narrated that Ibn cUyaynah said: Allah reproached all of the Muslims concerning the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, excepting only Abu Bakr alone, for lie was definitely excluded from the reproach. Then he recited, ‘If you do not help him then Allah has already helped him when the ones who disbelieve expelled him as the second of two, when they two were in the cave? (Qur’an 9: 40).