Beliau memegang jabatan khilafah melalui baiat Abu Bakar pada bulan Jumadil Akhir tahun 13 H.

He took on the khilafah through the covenant of Abu Bakr in Jumada al-Akhirah in the year 13 AH.

Az-Zuhri berkata, "'Umar diangkat menjadi khalifah pada hari wafatnya Abu Bakar, yaitu hari Selasa, delapan hari sebelum akhir Jumadil Akhir." Al-Hakim meriwayatkannya. Ia menjalankan kepemimpinan dengan sepenuh-penuhnya, dan pada masanya terbuka banyak sekali penaklukan.

Az-Zuhri said, ‘cUmar was appointed khalifah on the day that Abu Bakr died which was Tuesday eight days before the end of Jumada iil-Akhirah.’ Al-Hakim narrated it. He undertook the command most fully, and there were very many openings in his days.

Pada tahun 14 H, Damaskus dibuka [untuk Islam] sebagian melalui perjanjian dan sebagian melalui kekerasan, sementara Homs (Emessa kuno) dan Baalbek dibuka melalui perjanjian, serta Basrah dan Ubullah dibuka melalui kekerasan.

In the year 14 AH, Damascus was opened [to Islam] partly both by treaty and force, and Homs (ancient Emessa) and Baalbek by treaty, and Basra and Ubullah by force.

"Pada tahun itu, cUmar menyatukan orang-orang dalam satu jamaah untuk salat tarawih (salat sunnah malam hari di bulan Ramadan)," kata al-Askari dalam Al-Awa'il (Hal-hal Pertama).

‘In that year cUmar united people in one jamacah in salat attarawih (the optional prayers said at night in Ramadan),’ said al- Askari in Al-Awa’il (Firsts).

Pada tahun 15 H, seluruh wilayah Yordania dibuka [untuk Islam] dengan kekerasan kecuali Tiberias yang dibuka melalui perjanjian. Pada tahun ini terjadi pula pertempuran Yarmuk dan Qadisiyyah.

In the year 15 AH, all of Jordan was opened [to Islam] by force cxcept for Tiberias which was by treaty. In this year there were the battles of Yarmuk and Qadisiyyah.

Ibnu Jarir berkata: Padanya Sa'd mendirikan Kufah, dan 'Umar menetapkan gaji tetap (bagi para prajurit), membuat daftar, dan memberikan tunjangan sesuai dengan urutan prioritas.

Ibn Jarir said: In it Sacd founded Kufa, and cUmar instituted regular wages (for the fighting men), registers, and gave allowances according to priority.

Pada tahun 16 H, Ahwaz dan Mada'in dibuka. Di Mada'in, Sa'd mendirikan shalat Jumat di aula besar Khosrau, dan inilah shalat Jumat pertama yang diselenggarakan di Irak. Hal itu terjadi pada bulan Safar. Pada tahun itu juga terjadi pertempuran Jalula, di mana Yazdajird putra Khosrau dikalahkan dan ia mundur kembali ke Rayy. Pada tahun itu pula Takrit dibuka, dan 'Umar melakukan perjalanan lalu menguasai Baitul Maqdis (Yerusalem).

In the year 16 AH, Ahwaz and Mada’in were opened, and in the latter Sacd established the Jumucah in the great hall of Khosrau, and this was the first Jumtfah to be held in Iraq. That was in the month of Safar. In it, was the battle of Jalula in which Yezdajird the son of Khosrau was defeated and he retreated back to Rayy. In it, Takrit was opened, cUmar travelled and took al-Bait al-Maqdis (Jerusalem)

Dan ia menyampaikan khutbahnya yang terkenal di al-Jabiyyah. Kinnasrin, Aleppo, dan Antiokhia dibuka dengan kekerasan (perang), Manbij dengan perjanjian, dan Saruj dengan kekerasan.

and gave his famous khutbah in al-Jabiyyah. Kinnasrin, Aleppo, and Antioch were opened by force, Manbij by treaty, and Saruj by force.

Pada tahun itu, Qirqisiya' ditaklukkan melalui perjanjian. Pada bulan Rabi' al-Awwal, penanggalan mulai dihitung sejak Hijrah atas saran 'Ali.

In that year, Qirqisiya’ was opened by treaty. In Rabic al-Awwal, dating was begun from the Hijrah on the advice of cAli.

Pada tahun 17 H, 'Umar memperluas Masjid Nabawi. Pada tahun itu terjadi kekeringan dan kelaparan di Hijaz, dan tahun tersebut dinamakan Tahun Kehancuran. 'Umar berdoa memohon hujan bagi manusia melalui al-'Abbas.

In the year 17 AH, cUmar increased the size of the Prophet’s Mosque. In it there was drought and famine in the Hijaz and it was called the Year of Destruction, and cUmar prayed for rain for people by means of al-cAbbas.

Ibnu Sa'd meriwayatkan dari Niyar al-Aslami bahwa Umar, ketika keluar untuk shalat meminta hujan, keluar dengan mengenakan jubah Nabi ﷺ.

Ibn Sacd narrated from Niyar al-Aslami that cUmar, when he came out to pray for rain, came out with the cloak of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, upon him.

Dia meriwayatkan bahwa Ibnu 'Awn berkata: 'Umar memegang tangan al-'Abbas dan mengangkatnya, seraya berkata: "Ya Allah, kami bertawassul kepada-Mu dengan perantara paman Nabi-Mu ﷺ (memohon) agar Engkau menghilangkan kekeringan dari kami dan memberi kami minum dari hujan," dan mereka tidak beranjak sebelum mereka diberi minum. Langit mencurahkan hujan kepada mereka selama berhari-hari. Pada tahun itu Ahwaz ditaklukkan melalui perjanjian damai.

He narrated that Ibn cAwn said: cUmar took hold of the hand of alcAbbas and raised it up, saying, ‘O Allah, we approach You by means of the uncle of Your Prophet (asking) that You drive away from us the drought, and that You give us to drink from the rain,’ and they didn’t leave before they were given to drink. The sky poured down upon them for days. In that year Ahwaz was taken by treaty.

Pada tahun 18 H, Jundaysabur dibuka secara damai melalui perjanjian, dan Hulwan dibuka dengan kekerasan. Di dalamnya terjadi wabah Emaus; Urfa (Edessa)

In the year 18 AH, Jundaysabur was opened [to Islam] by treaty, and Hulwan by force. In it, was the plague of Emaus; Urfa (Edessa)

dan Sumaysat dibuka dengan kekerasan; Harran, Nasibin dan sebagian Mesopotamia dengan kekerasan, dan dikatakan pula dengan perjanjian; serta Mosul dan sekitarnya dengan kekerasan.

and Sumaysat were opened by force; Harran, Nasibin and a part of Mesopotamia by force, and it has been said, by treaty; and Mosul and its environs by force.

Pada tahun 19 H, Kaisarea ditaklukkan dengan kekuatan senjata.

In the year 19 AH, Cassarea was opened by force.

Pada tahun 20 H, Mesir ditaklukkan dengan kekerasan (perang). Ada pula yang mengatakan bahwa seluruh Mesir ditaklukkan dengan perjanjian damai, kecuali Iskandariyah yang ditaklukkan dengan kekerasan. Ali bin Rabah berkata, "Seluruh Maghrib (Afrika Barat Laut) ditaklukkan dengan kekerasan." Pada tahun itu pula Tustar ditaklukkan, dan Kaisar (Heraclius), pemimpin besar Romawi Timur, wafat.

In the year 20 AH, Egypt was opened by force. It is also said that all of Egypt was opened by treaty except for Alexandria which was opened by force. cAli ibn Rabah said, ‘The whole of the Maghrib (northwestern Africa) was opened by force.’ In that year Tustar was opened, Caesar (Heraclius), the great man of the Byzantines, died.

Dalam kitab tersebut juga disebutkan bahwa 'Umar mengusir orang-orang Yahudi dari Khaybar dan Najran, dan beliau membagi-bagikan Khaybar dan Wadi'l-Qurra' (di antara mereka yang telah hadir di sana pada peperangan asli bersama Nabi ﷺ).

In it also, cUmar expelled the Jews from Khaybar and Najran, and he apportioned Khaybar and Wadi’l-Qurra’ (between those who had been present there at the original battles of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace).

Pada tahun 21 H, Iskandariyah ditaklukkan dengan kekerasan, dan Nahawand, setelah itu orang-orang Persia tidak lagi mampu menghimpun pasukan, serta Barqah dan tempat-tempat lainnya.

In the year 21 AH, Alexandria was opened by force, and Nahawand, after which the Persians could not muster an army, and Barqah and other places.

Pada tahun 22 H, Azerbaijan dibuka dengan kekerasan (perang), dan ada yang mengatakan dengan perjanjian damai, Dinawar dibuka dengan kekerasan, Masabdhan dan Hamadan dibuka dengan kekerasan, serta Tripoli di Afrika Utara, Rai, 'Askar dan Qumas.

In the year 22 AH, Azerbaijan was opened by force, and it has been said, by treaty, and Dinawr by force, Masabdhan and Hamadan by force, and Tripoli of North Africa, Rai, cAskar and Qumas.

Pada tahun 23 H, terjadi pembebasan (futuhat) wilayah Kirman, Sijistan, dan Makran di daerah pegunungan, serta Isfahan dan sekitarnya.

In the year 23 AH, there were the openings [to Islam] of Kirman, Sijistan, Makran in the mountainous lands, and also Isfahan and its environs.

Pada akhir tahun ini terjadi wafatnya Sayyiduna cUmar, semoga Allah meridainya, setelah beliau kembali dari haji; beliau gugur sebagai syahid.

In the end of this year there was the death of Sayyiduna cUmar, may Allah be pleased with him, after his return from the Hajj; he was killed as a martyr.

Sa'id bin Al-Musayyab berkata: Ketika 'Umar kembali dari Mina (menuju Makkah), ia membuat untanya berlutut di lembah aliran air, 1 kemudian ia menjatuhkan dirinya, mengangkat kedua tangannya ke langit dan berkata, "Ya Allah! Aku telah lanjut usia, kekuatanku telah melemah, dan rakyatku telah bertambah banyak, maka ambillah aku kepada-Mu tanpa (aku) menjadi boros atau kekurangan." Bulan Dzulhijjah belum berlalu sebelum ia dibunuh. Al-Hakim meriwayatkannya.

Sacid ibn al-Musayyab said: When cUmar returned from Mina (to Makkah), he made his camel kneel down in the watercourse, 1 lien he threw himself down, raised his hands to the sky and said, ‘O Allah! I am advanced in years, my strength has weakened, and my subjects have increased, so take me to You without (my) being wasteful or falling short.’ Dhu’l-Hijjah had not gone before he was killed. Al-Hakim narrated it.

Abu Salih as-Saman berkata: Ka'b al-Ahbar berkata kepada 'Umar, "Aku mendapatimu dalam Taurat sebagai orang yang terbunuh sebagai syahid." Ia berkata, "Bagaimana aku bisa syahid, sedangkan aku berada di Semenanjung Arab?" Aslam berkata: 'Umar berkata, "Ya Allah, anugerahkanlah kepadaku kesyahidan di jalan-Mu, dan jadikanlah kematianku di kota Rasul-Mu ﷺ." Al-Bukhari meriwayatkannya.

Abu Salih as-Saman said: Kacb al-Ahbar said to cUmar, ‘I find you in the Tawrah killed as a martyr.’ He said, ‘How can I be a martyr when I am in the peninsula of the Arabs?’ Aslam said: cUmar said, ‘O Allah provide me with martyrdom in Your way, and make my death to be in the city of Your Messenger.’ Al-Bukhari narrated it.

Macdan ibn Abi Talhah: Umar memberikan khutbah dan berkata, "Aku bermimpi (dalam tidur) seolah-olah seekor ayam mematuk aku sekali atau dua kali, dan aku hanya dapat meyakini bahwa itu berarti ajalku telah tiba. Ada orang-orang yang menyuruhku untuk menunjuk seorang pengganti, dan Allah tidak akan membiarkan agama-Nya dan khilafah-Nya sia-sia. Jika urusan ini dipercepat bagiku, maka khilafah adalah perkara musyawarah di antara enam orang ini yang Rasulullah ﷺ ridai ketika beliau wafat." Al-Hakim meriwayatkannya. Az-Zuhri berkata: Umar tidak mengizinkan seorang tawanan yang telah baligh untuk masuk ke Madinah, hingga al-Mughirah ibn Syu'bah menulis surat kepadanya — dan ia adalah gubernur Kufah — menyebutkan kepadanya seorang budak yang memiliki sejumlah keterampilan dan meminta izin agar ia masuk ke Madinah, seraya berkata, "Ia memiliki banyak keahlian yang berguna bagi orang-orang. Ia seorang pandai besi, pengukir, dan tukang kayu." Umar memberinya izin untuk mengirimnya ke Madinah. Al-Mughirah membebankan pajak kepada budak itu sebesar seratus dirham setiap bulan, sehingga budak itu datang kepada Umar untuk mengeluhkan beratnya beban tersebut. Umar berkata, "Pajak yang engkau bebankan tidaklah sebesar itu," lalu budak itu berpaling dengan marah dan mengancam. Umar menunggu beberapa hari, kemudian memanggilnya dan berkata, "Bukankah telah sampai kepadaku bahwa engkau berkata, 'Jika aku mau, aku dapat membuat kincir yang digerakkan oleh angin.'" Lalu ia memalingkan wajahnya kepada Umar dengan muka masam dan berkata, "Aku akan membuatkan untukmu sebuah kincir yang akan dibicarakan orang-orang." Ketika ia berpaling, Umar berkata kepada para sahabatnya, "Budak itu baru saja mengancamku." Beberapa waktu kemudian, Abu Lu'lu'ah membungkus pakaiannya di sekitar sebilah belati bermata dua (pada bilahnya) yang pegangannya berada di tengahnya, bersembunyi di salah satu sudut masjid dalam gelapnya akhir malam, dan di sana ia menunggu hingga Umar keluar membangunkan orang-orang untuk shalat. Ketika Umar mendekat kepadanya, ia menikamnya tiga kali. Ibnu Sa'd meriwayatkannya.

Macdan ibn Abi Talhah: cUmar gave a khutbah and said, ‘I saw (in a dream) as if a cock pecked at me once or twice, and I can only believe that it means that my term has come. There are people who tell me to appoint a successor, and Allah will not cause His deen to go to waste nor His khilafah. If the matter is hastened for me, then the khilafah is a matter of consultation between these six whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was pleased with when he died.’ Al-Hakim narrated it> Az-Zuhri said: cUmar would not permit a captive who had reached the age of puberty to enter Madinah until al-Mughirah ibn Shucbah wrote to him — and he was the governor of Kufa — mentioning to him a slave who had a number of crafts and asking permission that he enter Madinah, saying, ‘He has many trades which are useful to people. He is a blacksmith, engraver and carpenter.’ He gave permission to him to send him to Madinah. Al-Mughirah put a demand for revenue on him (the slave) of one hundred dirhams per month, so the slave came to cUmar to complain of the severity of that imposition. He [cUmar] said, ‘Your demand for revenue is not that much,’ and he [the slave] turned away in anger and threateningly. cUmar waited some days and then called him and said, ‘Have I not been informed that you say, “If I wished, I could make a mill which will grind by means of the wind.’” Then he turned his face to cUmar with a frown and said, ‘I will make for you a mill which people will talk about.’ When he turned away, cUmar said to his companions, ‘The slave threatened me just now.’ After a while Abu Lu’lu’ah wrapped his garments around a dagger with two heads (to the blade) whose handle was in the middle of it, hid in one of the corners of the mosque in the darkness of the last part of the night, and there he waited until cUmar came out waking people up for the prayer. When he drew near to him, he stabbed him three times. Ibn Sacd narrated it.

cAmr bin Maimun al-Anshari berkata: Abu Lu'lu'ah, budak al-Mughirah, menikam cUmar dengan sebilah belati yang bermata dua, dan bersama beliau ia juga menikam dua belas orang lain, di antaranya enam orang meninggal dunia. Kemudian seorang laki-laki dari Irak melemparkan jubah ke atasnya. Ketika ia terjerat di dalamnya, ia pun membunuh dirinya sendiri.

cAmr ibn Maymun al-Ansari said: Abu Lu’lu’ah, the slave of al- Mughirah, stabbed cUmar with a dagger which had two heads, and he stabbed, along with him, twelve other men of whom six died, then a man from Iraq threw a robe over him. When he became tangled up in it, he killed himself.

Abu Rafi' berkata: Abu Lu'lu'ah, budak al-Mughirah, biasa membuat kincir (penggiling). Al-Mughirah memungut dari dirinya empat dirham setiap hari sebagai pajak. Ia menemui 'Umar dan berkata, "Amirul Mukminin, al-Mughirah sangat memberatkanku, maka bicaralah kepadanya." 'Umar berkata, "Berbuatlah baik kepada tuanmu," dan 'Umar berniat berbicara kepada al-Mughirah tentang hal itu. Maka ia (budak itu) menjadi marah dan berkata, "Keadilannya mencakup seluruh manusia kecuali aku," dan ia diam-diam bertekad untuk membunuhnya. Ia mengambil sebilah belati, mengasahnya, dan melumurinya dengan racun. 'Umar biasa berkata, "Luruskan shaf kalian," sebelum ia mengucapkan takbir. Ia datang dan berdiri berhadapan dengannya dalam shaf, menusuk bahu dan lambung 'Umar, dan 'Umar pun jatuh. Kemudian ia menusuk tiga belas orang lain bersamanya, dan enam di antaranya meninggal. 'Umar dibawa pulang ke keluarganya. Matahari hampir terbit, maka 'Abdurrahman bin 'Auf memimpin orang-orang shalat dengan dua surat terpendek. 'Umar diberi nabidh (minuman yang dibuat dari kurma yang direndam dalam air) dan ia meminumnya, lalu minuman itu keluar dari lukanya, namun belum jelas warnanya (dari darah). Maka mereka memberinya susu untuk diminum, lalu susu itu juga keluar dari lukanya, dan mereka berkata, "Tidak ada bahaya besar bagimu." Ia berkata, "Jika ada bahaya dalam pembunuhan, maka aku sungguh telah terbunuh." Orang-orang mulai memujinya, dengan berkata, "Engkau adalah begini dan begitu." Ia berkata, "Demi Allah, aku berharap aku keluar darinya dengan selamat, tanpa tanggungan atas diriku dan tanpa jasa bagiku, dan bahwa persahabatan dengan Rasulullah ﷺ tetap terjaga bagiku." Ibnu 'Abbas memujinya, maka ia berkata, "Seandainya aku memiliki emas sebanyak yang memenuhi bumi, niscaya aku akan menebus diriku dengannya dari ketakutan hari kebangkitan. Aku telah menjadikan urusan (khilafah) ini sebagai perkara musyawarah di antara 'Utsman, 'Ali, Thalhah, az-Zubair, 'Abdurrahman bin 'Auf, dan Sa'ad." Ia memerintahkan Suhaib untuk memimpin orang-orang shalat, dan memberi keenam orang itu waktu tiga (hari) untuk memutuskan. Diriwayatkan oleh Al-Hakim.

Abu Rafic said: Abu Lu’lu’ah, the slave of al-Mughirah, used to make mills. Al-Mughirah used to demand as revenue from him four dirhams a day. He met cUmar and said, "Amir al-Muminin, al-Mughirah is being very heavy on me, so speak to him.’ He said, ‘Behave well towards your master,’ — and cUmar’s intention was to speak to al-Mughirah about it - so he (the slave) became angry and said, ‘His justice encompasses all of the people except for me,’ and he secretly decided to kill him. He took a dagger, sharpened it and poisoned it. cUmar used to say, ‘Straighten your ranks,’ before he pronounced the takbir. He came and stood opposite him in the rank, stabbed him in his shoulder and side, and cUmar fell. Then he stabbed thirteen other men with him, of whom six died. cUmar was carried to his family. The sun was about to rise so cAbd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf led the people in prayer with the two shortest surahs. cUmar was brought some nabidh (a drink made from dates left to soak in water) and he drank it and it came out of his wound, but it wasn’t yet distinct (from the blood). So they gave him some milk to drink, >iikI it came out of his wound and they said, ‘There’s no great harm wii li you.’ He said, ‘If there is any harm in killing, then I have been killed.’ People began to praise him, saying, ‘You were such and such Unci you were such and such.’ He said, ‘By Allah, I wish that I had gone out of it, independent of others, with nothing against me and nothing for me, and that the companionship of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, was secure for me.’ Ibn cAbbas praised him, so he said, ‘Even if I had that gold which would fill the earth, I would ransom myself by it from the terror of the rising. I have made it (the khilafah) a matter of consultation between cUthman, cAli, Talhah, az-Zubayr, Abd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf and Sacd.’ He ordered Suhayb to lead people in prayer, and gave the six a period of three (days in which to decide). Al-Hakim narrated it.

Ibnu 'Abbas berkata: Abu Lu'lu'ah adalah seorang Majusi.

Ibn cAbbas said: Abu Lu’lu’ah was a Magian.

‘Amr ibn Maymun berkata: ‘Umar berkata, ‘Segala puji bagi Allah yang tidak menjadikan ketetapan kematianku di tangan seorang laki-laki yang mengaku Islam.’ Kemudian ia berkata kepada putranya, ‘Abdullah, lihatlah berapa utangku.’ Mereka menghitungnya dan mendapatinya sekitar delapan puluh enam ribu. Ia berkata, ‘Jika harta keluarga ‘Umar cukup, maka bayarlah. Jika tidak, mintalah kepada Bani ‘Adi, dan jika harta mereka tidak cukup, maka mintalah kepada Quraisy.

‘Amr ibn Maymun said: cUmar said, ‘Praise be to Allah Who <1 id not make my decree of death to be at the hands of a man who claimed Islam.’ Then he said to his son, ‘cAbdullah, look and see what debts I have.’ They calculated it and found it to be eighty-six thousand or thereabouts. He said, ‘If the wealth of the family of 1 Umar is enough, then pay it. If it is not, then ask among Bani ‘Adi, and if their wealth is not enough, then ask among Quraysh.

Datanglah kepada Ummul Mukminin, cA'isyah, dan katakan, "cUmar meminta izin untuk dimakamkan bersama kedua sahabatnya."' Ia pun datang kepadanya, dan ia berkata, 'Aku sebenarnya menginginkan tempat itu untuk diriku sendiri, tetapi hari ini aku pasti akan lebih mengutamakannya daripada diriku sendiri.' Lalu cAbdullah datang dan berkata, 'Ia telah diberi izin,' maka ia pun memuji Allah. Seseorang berkata kepadanya, 'Berwasiatlah, wahai Amirul Mukminin, dan angkatlah seorang pengganti.' Ia berkata, 'Aku tidak melihat seorang pun yang lebih berhak atas urusan kepemimpinan ini daripada enam orang ini, yang Nabi ﷺ wafat dalam keadaan ridha kepada mereka,' lalu ia menyebutkan keenam orang itu, dan berkata, 'cAbdullah bin cUmar akan hadir bersama mereka, tetapi ia tidak memiliki bagian dalam kepemimpinan. Jika jabatan itu jatuh kepada Sa'd, maka dialah orangnya; dan jika tidak, maka siapa pun di antara kalian yang diangkat hendaknya meminta bantuannya, karena aku tidak memberhentikannya (dari jabatannya sebagai amir Kufah) karena [alasan] ketidakmampuan atau pengkhianatan.' Kemudian ia berkata, 'Aku berpesan kepada khalifah sesudahku agar bertakwa kepada Allah dengan rasa takut; aku berpesan kepadanya agar memberi perhatian khusus kepada kaum Muhajirin dan kaum Anshar, dan aku berpesan kepadanya agar memperlakukan penduduk daerah-daerah dengan baik,' dan nasihat-nasihat lain yang serupa.

Go to the Mother of the Believers, CA’ ishah, and say, “cUmar asks permission to be buried with his two companions.’” He went to her and she said, ‘I wanted it’ - meaning the burial plot - ‘for myself, but I will definitely prefer him over myself, today.’ cAbdullah came and said, ‘She has given permission,’ so he praised Allah. Someone said to him, ‘Make bequest, Amir al-Muminin, and appoint a successor.’ He said, ‘I see no-one with more right to this command than these six with whom the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was pleased when he died,’ and he named the six, and said, ‘cAbdullah ibn cUmar will be present with them but he has no part in the command. If the office should fall to Sacd, then he it is, and if not, then let whoever of you is appointed seek help from him, fori I did not remove him (from his office as amir of Kufa) because of] any incapacity or treachery.’ Then he said, ‘I counsel the khalifah after me to have fearful obedience of Allah; I counsel him to pay particular care to the Muhajirun and the Ansar, and I counsel him' to treat the people of the provinces well,’ and other similar counsels.

Ketika ia meninggal, kami berjalan mengantarnya. Abdullah bin Umar mengucapkan salam dan berkata, "Umar meminta izin untuk masuk." Aisyah berkata, "Bawalah dia masuk." Maka ia dibawa masuk dan dibaringkan di sana bersama kedua sahabatnya.

When he died, we went walking with him, cAbdullah ibn cUmar called out the greeting and said, ‘cUmar seeks permission to enter.’ cA’ishah said, ‘Bring him in.’ He was brought in and placed there with his two companions.

Ketika mereka selesai memakamkannya dan kembali, kelompok itu berkumpul dan ʿAbd ar-Rahman bin ʿAwf berkata, "Serahkanlah wewenang kalian kepada tiga orang di antara kalian." Az-Zubair berkata, "Aku menyerahkan wewenangku kepada ʿAli." Saʿd berkata, "Aku menyerahkan wewenangku kepada ʿAbd ar-Rahman." Talhah berkata, "Aku menyerahkan wewenangku kepada ʿUthman." Ia melanjutkan: maka tinggallah ketiga orang ini. ʿAbd ar-Rahman berkata, "Aku tidak menginginkannya. Siapa di antara kalian berdua yang akan melepaskan diri dari urusan ini, dan kita akan menyerahkannya kepada orang itu (yang tersisa)? Allah menjadi saksi dan Islam pun menjadi saksi, hendaklah ia mempertimbangkan dalam dirinya siapa yang terbaik di antara mereka, dan hendaklah ia bersungguh-sungguh demi kemaslahatan umat." Kedua Syekh, ʿAli dan ʿUthman, diam. ʿAbd ar-Rahman berkata, "Serahkanlah kepadaku, dan Allah menjadi saksiku, aku tidak akan mengecewakan kalian dalam memilih yang terbaik di antara kalian." Mereka berkata, "Ya." Lalu ia menyendiri bersama ʿAli dan berkata, "Engkau memiliki keutamaan dalam Islam dan kekerabatan dengan Nabi ﷺ, sebagaimana yang engkau ketahui. Allah menjadi saksimu; jika aku memberimu wewenang, apakah engkau akan berlaku adil, dan jika aku memberi wewenang (kepada ʿUthman) atas dirimu, apakah engkau akan mendengar dan taat?" Ia menjawab, "Ya." Kemudian ia menyendiri bersama yang lain dan mengatakan kepadanya hal yang sama. Ketika ia telah mendapatkan kesepakatan mereka, ia membaiat ʿUthman, dan ʿAli membaiat dirinya.

When they finished burying him and had returned, that group gathered and cAbd ar-Rahman ibn cAwf said, ‘Delegate your authority to three among you.’ Az-Zubayr said, ‘I delegate my authority to cAli.’ Sacd said, ‘I delegate my authority to cAbd ar- Rahman.’ Talhah said, ‘I delegate my authority to cUthman.’ He continued: so there remained these three. cAbd ar-Rahman said, ‘I don’t want it. Which of you two will be quit of this matter and we will entrust it to him (the remaining one)? And Allah is his witness and Islam, let him consider in himself who is the best of them and let him be eager for the benefit of the ummah.’ The two Shaykhs, °Ali and cUthman were silent. cAbd ar-Rahman said, ‘Delegate me and, Allah is my witness, I will not fail you in choosing the best of you.’ They said, ‘Yes.’ Then he went apart with cAli and said, ‘You have that precedence in Islam and kinship with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, which you know. Allah is your witness; if I give you authority, will you be just, and if I give authority (to cUthman) over you, will you hear and obey?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ Then he went apart with the other and said to him the same thing. When he had their agreement, he pledged allegiance to cUthman and cAli pledged allegiance to him.

Dalam Musnad Ahmad terdapat riwayat bahwa 'Umar berkata: Jika ajalku menjemputku dan Abu 'Ubaidah al-Jarrah masih hidup, maka aku akan mengangkatnya sebagai khalifah. Jika Tuhanku menanyaiku, aku akan menjawab, "Aku mendengar Nabi ﷺ bersabda, 'Setiap nabi memiliki seorang kepercayaan, dan kepercayaanku adalah Abu 'Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah.'" Jika ajalku menjemputku dan Abu 'Ubaidah al-Jarrah telah wafat, aku akan mengangkat Mu'adz ibn Jabal sebagai khalifah. Jika Tuhanku menanyaiku, "Mengapa engkau mengangkatnya sebagai khalifah?" aku akan menjawab, "Aku mendengar Nabi ﷺ bersabda, 'Ia akan dibangkitkan pada Hari Kiamat di depan orang-orang berilmu dengan jarak tertentu.'" Keduanya telah wafat pada masa kekhalifahannya.

There is in the Musnad of Ahmad that cUmar said: If my term overtakes me, and Abu cUbaydah al-Jarrah is still alive, then I would appoint him as khalifah. If my Lord asked me, I would say, ‘I heard I lie Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, "I1,very Prophet has a trustworthy (companion), and my trustworthy (companion) is Abu cUbaydah ibn al-Jarrah.’” If my term overtakes me, and Abu cUbaydah al-Jarrah has died, I would appoint Mucadh Ibn Jabal as khalifah. If my Lord asked me, ‘Why did you appoint him as khalifah? I would say, ‘I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, “He will be raised up on the Day of Resurrection a distance in front of the men of knowledge.’” They had both died during his khilafah.

Juga dalam Musnad terdapat riwayat dari Abu Rafi', bahwa ketika menjelang wafatnya seseorang berbicara kepada 'Umar tentang pengangkatan seorang khalifah, lalu ia berkata, "Aku telah melihat di antara para sahabatku sebuah ketamakan yang tidak baik."

Also in the Musnad there is from Abu Rafic that someone spoke to cUmar at his death about the appointment of a khalifah, so he said, ‘I have seen among my companions an unfortunate eagerness.

"Jika salah satu dari dua orang itu sempat menemuiku, lalu aku menyerahkan urusan ini kepadanya, niscaya aku yakin padanya: Salim, budak yang dimerdekakan milik Abu Hudzaifah, dan Abu Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah." Umar ditikam pada hari Rabu, empat hari sebelum berakhirnya Dzulhijjah, dan ia dimakamkan pada hari Ahad, yaitu hari bulan baru Muharram, bulan yang dimuliakan. Ia berusia enam puluh tiga tahun. Ada juga yang mengatakan ia berusia enam puluh enam, enam puluh satu, enam puluh tahun (pendapat yang dinilai paling kuat oleh al-Waqidi). Ada pula yang mengatakan ia berusia lima puluh sembilan, lima puluh lima, dan lima puluh empat tahun. Suhaib menyalatkannya di masjid.

If one of two men had reached me, and then I had entrusted this command to him, I would have been sure of him: Salim the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah and Abu cUbaydah ibn al-Jarrah.’ TJmar was struck on the Wednesday, four days before the end of Dhu’l-Hijjah, and he was buried on Sunday, the day of the new moon of al-Muharram, the Sacred (month). He was sixty-three years old. It has also been said that he was sixty-six, sixty-one, sixty (which al-Waqidi considered the weightiest). It has been said that he was fifty-nine, fifty-five and fifty-four. Suhayb performed the (funeral) prayer over him in the mosque.

Dalam kitab Tahdhib karya al-Mazini disebutkan bahwa tulisan pada cincin stempel Umar adalah, "Kematian sudah cukup sebagai pemberi peringatan, wahai Umar." At-Tabarani meriwayatkan bahwa Tariq ibn Shihab berkata: Umm Ayman berkata pada hari Umar dibunuh, "Hari ini Islam telah terkoyak." cAbd ar-Rahman ibn Yasar meriwayatkan. Ia berkata, "Aku menyaksikan kematian Umar ibn al-Khattab, dan matahari mengalami gerhana pada hari itu." Para perawi yang meriwayatkan hadits ini adalah orang-orang yang terpercaya.

In the Tahdhib of al-Mazini, there is that the engraving on the sealring of cUmar was, ‘Death is enough of an admonisher, cUmar.’ At-Tabarani narrated that Tariq ibn Shihab said: Umm Ayman said, on the day cUmar was killed, ‘Today Islam has been rent.’ cAbd ar-Rahman ibn Yasar narrated. He said, ‘I witnessed the death of cUmar ibn al-Khattab and the sun was eclipsed on that day.’ The men who transmitted (this hadith) were trustworthy.