Kiwanda, katika asili yake, ni miongoni mwa mali za kibinafsi. Ni miongoni mwa vitu ambavyo vinaruhusiwa kumilikiwa na watu binafsi. Imethibitishwa kwamba watu binafsi walikuwa wakimiliki viwanda wakati wa Mtume ﷺ, kama vile viwanda vya kutengeneza viatu, nguo, panga na bidhaa nyinginezo. Mtume ﷺ aliwakubali na aliagiza kutengenezewa Minbar na wao, jambo linaloonyesha kuwa umiliki wa binafsi wa viwanda ni halali. Lakini hukmu (hukumu ya kisheria) ya kiwanda huamuliwa na asili ya bidhaa inayotengenezwa, na ushahidi wa hilo ni kwamba Waislamu wamekatazwa kumiliki viwanda vinavyozalisha pombe, kwa mujibu wa Hadithi inayosema kwamba Allah (SWT) amemlaani anayekamua (zabibu kutengeneza) pombe na anayeamuru hilo lifanyike. Kwa hiyo katazo la kukamua pombe si katazo la kukamua lenyewe, bali ni katazo la kukamua pombe hasa. Hivyo, kukamua si haramu, bali kukamua kwa lengo la kutengeneza kileo ndilo jambo la haramu. Kwa msingi huo, katazo la kiwanda cha pombe linatokana na katazo la bidhaa inayozalishwa. Kwa namna hii, inaonekana kuwa hukmu ya kiwanda ni ile ile ya bidhaa inayozalisha. Basi viwanda vinapaswa kuchunguzwa: ikiwa bidhaa zinazozalishwa nazo si miongoni mwa mali ya umma, basi viwanda hivyo ni mali ya kibinafsi, kama viwanda vya peremende, nguo, useremala na vinginevyo. Hata hivyo, ikiwa viwanda vilikuwa vya kutengeneza bidhaa ambazo ni mali ya umma, kama viwanda vya madini vinavyosindika madini yasiyohesabika (yasiyoisha), basi inaruhusiwa kuvimiliki kwa pamoja (kwa umma), kutokana na bidhaa inayozalishwa na kiwanda hicho, iwe dhahabu, fedha, chuma, shaba au petroli (mafuta), kwa namna ile ile ambavyo hukmu ya kiwanda cha pombe hufuata hukmu ya pombe katika katazo. Viwanda hivi pia vinaruhusiwa kumilikiwa na serikali, kwa kuwa Dola inalazimika kuzalisha madini haya kwa niaba ya Waislamu, kwa ajili ya maslahi yao. Viwanda hivi pia vinaruhusiwa kumilikiwa na watu binafsi, ambapo Dola inaweza kuvikodi kwa kiasi fulani kitakachokubaliwa. Hata hivyo, umiliki wa watu binafsi wa zana na viwanda hauwaruhusu kuvitumia katika kuzalisha madini haya yasiyohesabika (yasiyoisha) kwa ajili yao wenyewe, kwa sababu madini haya ni mali ya umma kwa Waislamu wote. Wala mtu binafsi haruhusiwi kuvimiliki kwa kuwatenga wengine, bali anaruhusiwa kuvikodisha kwa Dola kwa kiasi maalum kilichoainishwa, ambapo Dola huvitumia kuzalisha madini haya. Kwa upande wa viwanda vinavyosindika chuma na kukigeuza kuwa karatasi, viwanda vya magari na vinginevyo, ambavyo malighafi zake ni za umiliki wa mtu binafsi, mtu yeyote anaruhusiwa kuvimiliki, kwa sababu bidhaa vinazozalisha si miongoni mwa malighafi za mali ya umma. Kwa hiyo, kila kiwanda ambacho bidhaa yake ni ya mali ya umma, kinaruhusiwa kumilikiwa kwa umma, au na Dola, au na watu binafsi ambao Dola inaruhusiwa kuwakodi. Vilevile, kila kiwanda ambacho bidhaa yake ni ya mali binafsi, kinaruhusiwa kumilikiwa na watu binafsi kwa kuwa hii ni katika umiliki wa mtu binafsi.

The factory, in its essence, is one of the individual properties. It is one of the things which is allowed to be owned by individuals. It has been confirmed that individuals used to own factories at the time of the Prophet (pbuh), such as those for manufacturing shoes, dresses (clothes), swords and other goods. The Prophet (pbuh) consented to them and He had the Minbar manufactured by them, which indicates that the individual ownership of factories is allowed. But the Hukm (divine rule) of the factory is decided by the nature of the material which it manufactures, and the evidence of this is that the Muslims are prohibited to possess factories that produce wine, according to the Hadith which states that Allah (swt) cursed the one who presses (grape to make) the wine and the one who orders this to be done. So the prohibition of pressing wine is not prohibition of pressing as such, rather it is prohibition of pressing wine specifically. Thus, pressing is not Haram (prohibited), rather it is the pressing to produce alcohol which is the Haram (prohibited) matter. Accordingly, the prohibition of the alcohol factory results from the prohibition of the materials it produces. In this way, it appears that the rule of the factory is the same rule of the material it produces. Therefore, factories have to be examined: if the materials produced by them are not of the public properties, then theses factories are of the individual properties, such as the factories of sweets, textiles, carpentry and the like. However, if the factories were for manufacturing materials which are of the public property, such as the factories of minerals which process the uncountable (undepleted) minerals, then it is allowed for them to be owned publicly, due to the material which the factory produces, be it gold, silver, iron, copper or petrol (oil), in the same way that the rule of the alcohol factory follows the rule of alcohol in prohibition. These factories are also allowed to be owned by the government, since the State is obliged to produce these minerals on behalf of the Muslims, for the purpose of their interest. These factories are also allowed to be owned by individuals, where the State can hire them for a certain amount, which is agreed upon. However, the ownership by individuals, of the tools and factories does not allow them to use them in producing these uncountable (undepleted) minerals for themselves, because these minerals are public properties for all the Muslims. Nor is any individual allowed to own them to the exclusion of others, but they are allowed to rent them to the State for a certain defined amount, where the State uses them to produce these minerals. As for the factories which treat iron and transform it to sheets, the car factories and the like, whose materials are of the individual ownership, any individual is allowed to own them, because the materials which they produce are not from the materials of the public property. Therefore, every factory whose manufactured product is of the public property, is allowed to be owned publicly, or by the State or by individuals from whom the State is allowed to hire. Likewise, every factory whose manufactured product is of the private property, is allowed to be owned by individuals because this is from the individual ownership.