419. 伊本·阿拔斯说:“在使者ﷺ在世时,有两个人互相诋毁。其中一人辱骂另一人,被辱骂的人保持沉默。先知ﷺ坐着未动。随后那个人回击了他,先知ﷺ便站了起来。有人问他:‘您站起来了?’他说:‘天使离开了,所以我也和他们一起离开。’当这个人保持沉默时,天使在替那位辱骂他的人回应;当他回击时,天使便离开了。”

419. Ibn 'Abbas said, "Two men defamed one another in the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. One of them reviled the other who remained silent. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, remained seated. Then the other man answered him back and the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, got up. He was asked, "You got up?" He said, "The angels left, so I left with them. While this man was silent, the angels were answering the one who cursed him. When he answered, the angels left." .

420. 乌姆·达尔达'（愿安拉喜悦她）传述：有人来到她面前说："有一个人在阿卜杜勒-马立克面前说你的坏话。"她说："我们被怀疑做了我们没有做的事。我们因为没有做过的事而受赞扬的次数又有多少！"

420. Umm ad-Darda' reported that a man came up to her and said, "A man has said bad things about you in the presence of 'Abdu'l-Malik.' She said, "We are suspected of something which we did not do. How often we have been praised for what we did not do!" .

421. 阿卜杜拉说："如果一个人对他的同伴说：‘你是我的敌人’，那么两人中要么有一人已经背离伊斯兰，要么他对同伴所说的话是无辜的。"阿布·朱哈法转述说，阿卜杜拉还补充道："除非那个悔改的人。"

421. 'Abdullah said, "When a man says to his companion, 'You are my enemy,' then one of them has left Islam or he is innocent of what his companion said.'" Abu Juhayfa reported that 'Abdullah added, "Except the one who repents."

422. 伊本·阿拔斯说：“人体有三百六十个关节，每一个关节每天都应当施舍一次沙德盖。每一句善言都是沙德盖。一个人帮助自己的兄弟是沙德盖。他所给予的一口水是沙德盖。把路上有害的东西移开也是沙德盖。”

422. Ibn 'Abbas said, "There are 360 joints and each of them owes sadaqa every single day. Every good word is sadaqa. A man's helping his brother is sadaqa. A drink of water which he gives is sadaqa. Removing something harmful from the road is sadaqa."

423. 艾卜·胡莱赖传述：先知ﷺ说："两人互相辱骂时，所说的罪责在先开口者身上，除非受辱者越了界。"

423. Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When two people revile each other, the responsibility for what they say rests on the first to speak as long as the one who wronged does not become excessive.".

424. 与423条相同，但传述者为安as（Anas）。

424. As 423, but from Anas.

425. 先知ﷺ说:"你们知道什么是谗言吗?"他们说:"不知道,真主和他的使者最清楚。"他说:"就是把别人说过的话传给人,以挑拨他们之间的关系。"

425. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Do you know what calumny is?" They said, "No, Prophet and His Messenger know best." He said, "Telling people what other people have said in order to create dissension between them.".

426. 先知ﷺ说:"至高无上的真主启示我,你们应当谦逊,你们之间不可互相欺压。"

426. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah Almighty revealed to me that you should be humble and that you should not wrong one another."

427. 'Iyad ibn Himar 说:"我说:'安拉的使者啊,有人辱骂我。'先知ﷺ说:'互相辱骂的两个人,就是两个互相指控、互相否认的恶魔。'"

427. 'Iyad ibn Himar said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, there is someone who reviles me.' The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Those who revile one another are two shaytans who accuse one another and deny one another.'" .

428. 伊亚德·本·希马尔传述：安拉的使者ﷺ说："安拉启示我，你们要谦卑，使你们中的任何人都不欺压他人，也不轻视他人。"我说："安拉的使者ﷺ，如果有人在卑贱的集会上辱骂我，而我还口，你认为我该怎么做？我这样做是否犯了过错？"他回答说："互相辱骂的两人，就是两个互相指责、互相否认的恶魔。"

428. 'Iyad ibn Himar reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Allah has revealed to me that you should be humble so that none of you will oppress anyone else and none of you will disdain another.' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, what do you think I should do when a man reviles me in a low assembly and then I answer him back? Do I incur any wrong action in doing that?' He replied, 'Two men who revile one another are two shaytans who accuse one another and deny one another.'" .

428.（原文如此）'Iyad说："我曾与安拉的使者ﷺ交战，在我成为穆斯林之前，我曾送给他一头母骆驼。他说：'我不喜欢多神教徒的泡沫。'"

428. (sic) 'Iyad said, "I was at war with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and I gave him a she-camel before I became Muslim. He said, "I dislike the froth of the idolaters."

429. 萨尔德·本·马立克传述：先知ﷺ说："辱骂穆斯林是放荡的行为。"

429. Sa'id ibn Malik reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Reviling a Muslim is deviant behaviour." .

430. 安斯说:"安拉的使者ﷺ既不粗鲁,也不咒骂,也不辱骂人。当他想要责备某人时,他会说:'他怎么了?愿他的额头蒙尘!'"

430. Anas said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was neither coarse nor a curser nor a reviler, He used to say when he wanted to censure someone, 'What is wrong with him? May his brow be dusty!'" .

431. 'Abdullah 传述：先知ﷺ说："辱骂穆斯林是放荡行为，杀害他则是kufr（不信）。"

431. 'Abdullah reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Reviling a Muslim is deviant behaviour and killing him is disbelief." .

432. 阿布·达尔传述，他听见先知ﷺ说："若有人指控另一人为离经叛道者，或指控他为不信者，而对方并非如其所言，那么这指控将归于指控者自身。"

432. Abu Dharr is reported as saying that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "If a man accuses another man of deviance or accuses him of disbelief, that accusation will come back on him if his companion is not as he said." .

433. 艾布·宰尔（愿安拉喜悦他）传述：他听到先知ﷺ说："明知自己的父亲不是某人而认他人为父的人，便是不信道者。自称属于某个族群而实际并非其中一员的人，将在火狱中占据他的位置。称呼某人为'不信道者'或'安拉的敌人'，而事实并非如此的人，这话将反过来落在他自己身上。"

433. Abu Dharr states that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "A person who knowingly claims a father other than his own has disbelieved. A person who claims to be from a people when he is not one of them will take his place in the Fire. A person who calls a man an unbeliever or says, 'Enemy of Allah,' when that is not the case will have that come back on him." .

434. 苏莱曼·本·苏拉德是先知的同伴之一,他说:"两个人在先知面前互相辱骂,其中一人愤怒起来。他愤怒到脸都鼓胀起来,颜色也变了。先知ﷺ说:'我知道几句话,如果他说了,他心中的怒气就会消失。'那人走到他身边,告诉他先知ﷺ所说的话。他说:'你向真主寻求庇护,免受被诅咒的沙坦侵害。'那人说:'你以为我有什么毛病吗?我疯了吗?走开!'"

434. Sulayman ibn Surad, one of the Companions of the Prophet, said, "Two men reviled one another in the presence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and one of them became angry. He became so angry that his face puffed out and changed colour. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'I know some words which will make what he feels depart if he says them.' The man came to him and told him what the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had said, He said, 'Seek refuge with Allah from the Accursed Shaytan.' He said, 'Do you think that there is something wrong with me? Am I mad? Leave!'" .

435. 阿卜杜拉说:“在每两位穆斯林之间都有一层来自全能的安拉的面纱。当其中一人对他的同伴说丑恶的话时，他就撕裂了安拉的面纱。当其中一人对另一人说：‘你是不信道者’时，那么两人中就有一人成了不信道者。”

436. 阿伊莎说:"先知ﷺ做了某件事,并由此为做这件事开了许可。仍有一些人克制不做。先知ﷺ听闻此事,便发表讲话,赞美真主。然后他说:'那些克制不做我所做之事的人,怎么了呢?以真主起誓,我比他们更懂得真主,比他们更敬畏祂!'"

436. 'A'isha said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did something and thereby created a dispensation for doing it. Some people still refrained from doing. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, heard about that and he gave a speech and praised Allah. Then he said, 'What is wrong with people who restrain themselves from doing something which I do? By Allah, I know Allah better than they do and I fear Him more than they do!'" .

437. 安那斯说:"先知ﷺ很少当面对某人说他不喜欢的话。一天,有一个人来到他面前,身上带着一丝黄色的香味。那人站起来后,先知ﷺ对他的同伴们说:'但愿他能改掉或去掉这黄色的痕迹!'"

437. Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, rarely told a man something to his face which he disliked. One day a man came to him with a trace of yellowish scent on him. When he stood up, he said to his Companions, 'If only he would change or remove this yellow!'"

438. 阿里说:"先知ﷺ派我和祖拜尔·本·阿瓦姆在马背上时叫我们去,说:'你们去某某草地,那里有一个女人,她身上带着哈推卜写给多神教徒的一封信。把她带来见我。'我们在那里找到她,她正骑着骆驼前行,与先知ﷺ所描述的一样。我们说:'把你带的那封信交出来。'她回答说:'我没有任何信。'我们搜查了她和她的骆驼。我的同伴说:'我没看到。'我说:'先知ﷺ不说谎。以掌握我灵魂的主起誓,你若不交出来,我就要剥光你!'她把手伸进她那件黑色披肩的结里取了出来——她穿着一件黑色披肩。我们回到先知ﷺ那里。欧麦尔喊道:'他(即哈推卜)背叛了真主、祂的使者和信士们!让我砍下他的头!'先知ﷺ问:'是什么促使你这么做的?'哈推卜说:'我信仰真主,但我想在众人中保有一些影响力。'先知ﷺ说:'他说的是实话,欧麦尔。他不是参加了白德尔战役吗?也许真主已垂顾那些参加白德尔的人,说:"你们随意去做吧,乐园已为你们确定了。"'欧麦尔哭了,说:'真主和祂的使者最知道。'"

438. 'Ali said. "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent for me and az-Zubayr ibn al-'Awwam while we were both on horseback and said, 'Go to such-and-such a meadow. There is a woman there who has a letter with her from Hatib to the idolaters. Bring her to me.' We found her rising along on one of her camels as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had described her. We said, '[Give us] the letter you have with you.' 'I do not have any letter,' she replied. We searched and her camel. My companion said, 'I do not see it.' I said, 'The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, does not lie. By the One in whose hand my soul is, I will strip her unless she produces it!' She put her hand in the knot of her shawl as she was wearing a black shawl and brought it out. We went back to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. 'Umar exclaimed, 'He (i.e. Hatim) has betrayed Allah, His Messenger, and the believers! Let me strike off his head!' He asked, 'What made you do it?' Hatim said, 'I believe in Allah, but I want to have some authority with the people.' He said, ;He has spoken the truth, 'Umar. Was he not present at Badr? Perhaps Allah has looked on them and said, "Do whatever you like. The Garden is guaranteed for you."' 'Umar wept and said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.''"

439. 阿卜杜拉·本·欧麦尔传述：安拉的使者ﷺ说："若有人对他的兄弟说：'你是叛教者（kafir）。'那么，这话对二者之中的一方来说必定属实。"

439. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "If a man says to his brother, 'You are an unbeliever,' it is true for one or the other of them." .

440. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar 传述：安拉的使者ﷺ说："若有人对另一人说：'你这个卡菲尔（不信者）！'那么两人中必有一人是不信者。若他所指的那人确是不信者，他就说对了；若不是，那么说这话的人就使自己陷入了不信。"

440. 'Abdullah ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When someone says to another, 'Unbeliever!' then one of them is an unbeliever. If the one to whom he says it is an unbeliever, he has spoke the truth. If that is not the case, then the one who said it has brought down disbelief on himself."

441. 艾卜·胡莱赖传述：先知ﷺ常常求庇护，以免遭遇恶终，也免于仇敌的幸灾乐祸。

441. Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to seek refuge from an evil end and the glaoting of enemies.