Penaklukan Khaibar (pada bulan Muharram, tahun ke-7 H.)
The Conquest Of Khaibar (in Moharram, 7a.h.)
Khaibar ialah sebuah wilayah yang luas dan sangat kukuh, dipenuhi kubu dan ladang, terletak pada jarak 60-80 batu di utara Madinah, kini sebuah perkampungan yang terkenal dengan iklimnya yang tidak sesuai. Selepas Perjanjian Al-Hudaibiyah, pihak utama dalam pakatan tiga pihak yang memusuhi Islam, iaitu Quraisy, kumpulan kabilah Badwi dari Najd dan orang-orang Yahudi, telah dilumpuhkan. Oleh itu, Nabi ﷺ menganggap sudah tiba masanya yang sesuai untuk menyelesaikan urusan baginda dengan dua pihak yang lain, iaitu orang-orang Yahudi dan kabilah-kabilah Najd, supaya keamanan dan keselamatan dapat terjamin dan kaum Muslimin dapat mencurahkan masa serta tenaga mereka untuk menyebarkan Risalah Allah dan menyeru manusia untuk memeluknya. Khaibar sendiri sentiasa menjadi sarang hasutan dan konspirasi, dan orang-orang Yahudi sentiasa menjadikannya pusat provokasi ketenteraan dan penghasutan perang, maka ia diberikan keutamaan tertinggi dalam senarai keperluan mendesak Nabi ﷺ. Orang-orang Yahudi di Khaibar telah bersatu melalui perikatan lama dengan para pakatan, mendorong Bani Quraizah untuk melakukan khianat, menjalin hubungan dengan Ghatfan dan orang-orang Arab, dan mereka juga merancang percubaan untuk membunuh Nabi ﷺ. Sebenarnya, segala penderitaan berterusan yang dialami kaum Muslimin terutamanya berpunca daripada orang-orang Yahudi. Utusan berulang kali dihantar kepada mereka untuk penyelesaian secara aman, tetapi semuanya sia-sia. Akibatnya, Nabi ﷺ berpendapat bahawa satu kempen ketenteraan adalah wajib demi membendung permusuhan mereka.
Khaibar was a spacious strongly fortified territory, studded with castles and farms, lying at a distance of 60-80 miles north of Madinah, now a village known for its uncongenial climate. After Al-Hudaibiyah Treaty, the major party of the anti-Islam tripartite coalition — Quraish, the bedouin horde of Najd tribes and the Jews — was neutralized, therefore, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) deemed it an appropriate time to settle his affairs with the other two wings — the Jews and the Najd tribes — in order that peace and security could prevail and the Muslims may devote their time and effort in propagating the Message of Allâh and calling people to embrace it. Khaibar itself had always remained a hotbed of intrigue and conspiracy, and the Jews had always constituted it a source of military provocations and war instigation centre, so it was given a top priority on the agenda of the Prophet’s compelling exigencies. The Jews of Khaibar had united by an ancient alliance with the Confederates, triggered Bani Quraiza to practise treachery, maintained contacts with Ghatfan and the Arabians and they even devised an attempt at the Prophet’s life. In fact, the continual afflictions that the Muslims had sustained were primarily attributable to the Jews. Envoys were repeatedly sent to them for peaceful settlement, but all in vain. Consequently the Prophet (Peace be upon him) came to the conclusion that a military campaign was a must in order to forestall their hostilities.
Para ahli tafsir Al-Qur'an Al-Karim mencadangkan bahawa penawanan Khaibar merupakan janji Ilahi yang tersirat dalam firman Allah:
Interpreters of the Noble Qur’ân suggest that capturing Khaibar had been a Divine promise implied in Allâh’s Words:
"Allah telah menjanjikan kepada kalian harta rampasan perang yang banyak yang akan kalian peroleh, dan Dia telah menyegerakan untuk kalian yang ini." [48:20].
• “Allâh has promised you abundant spoils that you will capture, and He has hastened for you this.” [48:20].
yaitu, Perjanjian Damai Hudaibiyah dan penyerahan Khaibar.
i.e., Al-Hudaibiyah Peace Treaty and the surrender of Khaibar.
Golongan munafik dan orang-orang yang lemah imannya telah berundur daripada menyertai orang-orang Islam yang benar dalam ekspedisi Al-Hudaibiyah, maka kini Allah, Yang Maha Perkasa, mewahyukan kata-kata berikut ke telinga Nabi-Nya ﷺ:
The hypocrites and people weak oheart had hung back from joining the true Muslims in Al-Hudaibiyah campaigns, so now Allâh, the All-Mighty inculcated the following words in His Prophet’s ears:
• "Orang-orang Badwi yang tertinggal akan berkata apabila kamu berangkat untuk mengambil harta rampasan: ‘Biarkanlah kami mengikut kamu.’ Mereka hendak mengubah Firman Allah. Katakanlah: ‘Kamu tidak akan mengikut kami; demikianlah Allah telah berfirman lebih dahulu.’ Kemudian mereka akan berkata: ‘Bahkan kamu dengki kepada kami.’ Bahkan mereka tidak memahami kecuali sedikit." [48:15].
• “Those who lagged behind will say, when you set forth to take the spoils, ‘Allow us to follow you.’ They want to change Allâh’s Words. Say: ‘You shall not follow us; thus Allâh has said beforehand.’ Then they will say: ‘Nay, you envy us.’ Nay, but they understand not except a little.” [48:15].
Atas sebab itu, Nabi ﷺ hanya mengajak mereka yang bersedia berjuang di jalan Allah untuk menyertai baginda dalam perjalanan menuju Khaibar. Hanya 1400 orang, yang telah berbaiah ketika menyahut seruan baginda.
For this reason, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) invited only those who were willing to fight in the cause of Allâh to accompany him in his march against Khaibar. 1400 men only, who had sworn allegiance in response to his call.
Sementara itu, Siba‘ bin ‘Arfatah Al-Ghifari dilantik untuk menguruskan hal ehwal Madinah. Satu lagi peristiwa yang sangat penting dan patut dicatat ialah Islamnya Abu Huraira, seorang ulama Islam yang dihormati dan perawi hadis Nabi yang thiqah ﷺ.
Meanwhile, Siba‘ bin ‘Arfatah Al-Ghifari was chosen to run the affairs of Madinah. Another incident of high significance is noteworthy, namely the Islamization of Abu Huraira, a venerable Muslim scholar and an authentic narrator of the Prophetic traditions.
Orang-orang munafik di Arab memerhatikan niat-niat Islam yang baharu itu, lalu mereka mula memberi amaran kepada orang Yahudi tentang aktiviti ketenteraan yang akan berlaku. Ketua mereka, 'Abdullah bin Ubai, mengutus seorang utusan kepada orang Yahudi di Khaibar untuk memperingatkan mereka tentang bahaya yang semakin hampir, serta menggesa mereka supaya menentang orang Islam kerana mereka lebih ramai dan lebih lengkap persenjataannya. Apabila menerima berita itu, orang Yahudi menghantar Kinanah bin Abi Al-Huqaiq dan Haudha bin Qais kepada sekutu lama mereka, iaitu kabilah Ghatfan, untuk meminta bantuan ketenteraan. Mereka menjanjikan kepada kabilah itu separuh daripada hasil buah-buahan yang dapat dikeluarkan oleh ladang-ladang mereka, sekiranya mereka berjaya mengalahkan orang Islam.
The hypocrites of Arabia took notice of the fresh Islamic intentions so they began to alert the Jews to the imminent military activities. Their chief, ‘Abdullah bin Ubai delegated an envoy to the Jews of Khaibar warning them against the dangers approaching, and nerving them to resist the Muslims as they outnumbered the latter and were better equipped. On hearing the news the Jews despatched Kinanah bin Abi Al-Huqaiq and Haudha bin Qais to their former allies, the tribe of Ghatfan requesting military assistance, promising to grant them half the yield of the fruit that their farms could yield if they managed to beat the Muslims.
Nabi ﷺ bergerak melalui Gunung Isra' dan kemudian meneruskan perjalanan bersama tentera sehingga baginda berhenti di sebuah lembah yang dipanggil Ar-Raji‘, dan berkemah di antara Khaibar dan Ghatfan supaya dapat menghalang Ghatfan daripada memberi bantuan kepada Yahudi. Penunjuk jalan yang mengiringi baginda membawanya ke sebuah persimpangan, dari situ bercabang tiga jalan yang mempunyai nama berbeza; kesemuanya menuju ke tempat yang dituju. Baginda tidak mengikut dua jalan pertama kerana nama jalan tersebut membawa tanda yang tidak baik, lalu memilih jalan ketiga kerana tanda-tandanya yang membawa khabar baik.
The Prophet marched by way of Isra Mountain and then went forward with the army till he halted in a valley called Ar-Raji‘, encamping between Khaibar and Ghatfan so as to prevent the latter from reinforcing the Jews. The guides accompanying him led him to an intersection from which branched out three roads with different designations; all leading to his destination. He abstained from following the first two roads on grounds of their ominous designation and chose the third for its propitious indications.
Adalah wajar disebutkan bahawa terdapat beberapa peristiwa menarik yang berlaku semasa perjalanan kaum Muslimin menuju Khaibar; antaranya ialah yang berikut:
It is noteworthy that some interesting incidents featured the Muslims’ march towards Khaibar; of which we mention the following:
1. Diriwayatkan daripada Salamah bin Al-Akwa‘, beliau berkata: Kami berarak menuju Khaibar bersama Rasulullah ﷺ. Kami berjalan pada waktu malam. Seorang lelaki berkata kepada saudaraku ‘Amir: Tidakkah engkau mahu mendendangkan sebahagian syairmu untuk kami, wahai ‘Amir? Maka beliau pun mula melagukan syair-syairnya untuk memacu unta, sambil membacakan:
1. It has been narrated on the authority of Salamah bin Al-Akwa‘, who said: We marched upon Khaibar with the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him). We journeyed during the night. One of the men said to my brother ‘Amir: Won’t you recite to us some of your verses, ‘Amir? So he began to chant his verses to urge the camels, reciting:
Ya Allah, sekiranya Engkau tidak memberi petunjuk kepada kami.
• O Allâh, if You had not guided us.
Kami tidak akan mendapat petunjuk yang benar, tidak akan bersedekah, dan tidak akan mendirikan solat.
We would have neither been guided rightly nor practised charity, nor offered prayers.
Kami ingin mengorbankan nyawa kami demi Engkau; maka ampunilah kesalahan-kesalahan kami.
We wish to lay down our lives for You; so forgive You our lapses,.
Dan teguhkanlah kami ketika kami berhadapan dengan (musuh-musuh kami).
And keep us steadfast when we encounter (our enemies).
Anugerahkanlah kepada kami kedamaian dan ketenteraman.
Bestow upon us peace and tranquility,.
Ingatlah ketika mereka memohon pertolongan kepada Kami dengan rintihan.
Behold, when with a cry they called upon us to help.
Rasulullah ﷺ bersabda: “Siapakah pemandu (unta) ini?” Mereka menjawab: “Dia ialah ‘Amir.” Baginda bersabda: “Semoga Allah merahmatinya.” Seorang lelaki berkata: “Syahadah telah ditetapkan untuknya; wahai Rasulullah, alangkah baiknya jika tuan membenarkan kami mengambil manfaat daripada kehidupannya.” Para sahabat Nabi ﷺ telah mengetahui bahawa baginda tidak akan memohon rahmat Allah ke atas seorang sahabat yang rapat melainkan untuk mengkhususkannya dengan syahadah.
The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) said: “Who is this driver (of the camels)?” They said: “It is ‘Amir.” He said: “Allâh will show mercy to him.” A man said: “Martyrdom is reserved for him; O Messenger of Allâh, would that you had allowed us to benefit ourselves from his life.” The Prophet’s Companions had already known that he would never invoke Allâh’s mercy upon a close Companion but to single him out for martyrdom.
2. Ketika menuruni sebuah lembah, kaum Muslimin mula mengagungkan kebesaran Allah dengan melaungkannya sekuat hati: "Allah Maha Besar, Allah Maha Besar, tiada tuhan melainkan Allah." Nabi ﷺ meminta mereka merendahkan suara sambil bersabda: "Yang kamu seru itu tidak jauh dan tidak tuli; Dia dekat dengan kamu, Maha Mendengar."
2. On their way down a valley, the Muslims began to entertain Allâh’s Greatness: shouting at the top of their voices: “Allâh is Great, Allâh is Great, there is no god but Allâh.” The Prophet (Peace be upon him) asked them to lower down their voices saying: “The One you are invoking is neither absent nor deaf; He is close to you, All-hearing.”.
3. Di satu tempat bernama As-Sahba', tidak jauh dari Khaibar, Nabi ﷺ menunaikan solat Asar, kemudian baginda memanggil para Sahabatnya untuk membawa apa sahaja bekalan makanan yang mereka miliki. Apa yang mereka bawa terlalu sedikit untuk mengenyangkan mereka semua. Nabi ﷺ mengambilnya dengan tangan baginda, lalu ia segera bertambah banyak, maka mereka semua makan sehingga kenyang. Tidak lama selepas itu, baginda dan yang lain-lain berkumur, lalu menunaikan solat Maghrib tanpa berwuduk semula; baginda turut melakukan perkara yang sama untuk solat Isyak.
3. In a spot called As-Sahba’, not far from Khaibar, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) observed the afternoon prayer, then he called his Companions to have whatever food provisions they had. What they brought was too scanty to satisfy them all. The Prophet took it by his hand and it immediately grew in quantity, so they all ate to their fill. Shortly afterward, he and the others, rinsed their mouths and performed the evening prayer without ablution; he did the same for the night prayer.
Keesokan paginya, ketika matahari terbit, orang-orang Islam bertemu dengan orang-orang Yahudi yang keluar untuk bekerja dengan kapak, sekop dan tali mereka, sambil menggiring ternak mereka. Mereka mula menjerit dengan terkejut: "Muhammad ﷺ telah datang bersama pasukannya!" Rasulullah ﷺ bersabda: "Allah Maha Besar, Khaibar akan binasa. Lihatlah! Apabila kita turun di tengah kota, itulah hari yang buruk bagi mereka yang telah diberi peringatan (tetapi tidak mengindahkannya)."
The following morning, at sunrise, the Muslims encountered the Jews when they had come out about their jobs with their axes, spades and strings driving their cattle along. They began to shout in surprise: “Muhammad has come along with his force!” The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) said: “Allâh is Great, Khaibar shall face destruction. Behold! When we descend in the city centre, it will be a bad day for those who have been warned (but have not taken heed).”.
Untuk mendirikan perkemahan, Nabi ﷺ telah memilih sebidang tanah tertentu yang beliau anggap sesuai untuk dijadikan markas tenteranya. Namun, seorang pejuang berpengalaman dari kalangan beliau bernama Hubab bin Al-Mundhir mencadangkan agar mereka berpindah ke tempat lain, memandangkan keperluan peperangan dan demi menyediakan kemudahan logistik yang maksimum. Apabila menghampiri kawasan sekitar Khaibar, Nabi ﷺ memerintahkan tenteranya untuk berhenti, lalu mula memohon kepada Tuhan beliau dengan berkata: "Ya Allah! Tuhan tujuh langit dan apa yang bernaung di bawahnya, Tuhan tujuh bumi dan apa yang terkandung di dalamnya, Tuhan syaitan-syaitan dan sesiapa yang mereka sesatkan; kami memohon kepada-Mu agar Engkau mengurniakan kepada kami kebaikan kampung ini (Khaibar), kebaikan penduduknya dan kebaikan yang ada padanya. Kami berlindung dengan-Mu daripada kejahatan kampung ini, kejahatan penduduknya, dan kejahatan yang ada padanya." Kemudian beliau memerintahkan, "Sekarang majulah (ke arah kampung itu) dengan nama Allah."
For encampment, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) had chosen a certain plot of land he deemed suitable to serve as the headquarters of his army. However, a veteran fighter of his called Hubab bin Al-Mundhir suggested that they, under the exigencies of war requirements and for the sake of providing maximum logistic facilities, shift to another place. On approaching the vicinity of Khaibar, the Prophet ordered his troops to halt, and began to invoke his Lord saying: “O Allâh! Lord of the seven heavens and what they harbour beneath, Lord of the seven earths and what lies in their wombs, Lord of devils and whomsoever they have led astray; we beseech You to grant us the good of this village (Khaibar), the good of its inhabitants and the good that lies in it. We seek refuge with You from the evil of this village, the evil of its inhabitants, and the evil that lies in it.” Then he ordered, “Now march (towards the village) in the Name of Allâh.”.
"Panji itu", sabda Nabi ﷺ, "akan diserahkan kepada seorang lelaki yang mencintai Allah dan Rasul-Nya, dan Allah serta Rasul-Nya mencintainya." Keesokan paginya, semua kaum Muslimin datang dengan penuh harapan untuk dikurniakan kehormatan membawa panji itu. Nabi ﷺ memanggil 'Ali bin Abi Talib, yang matanya sering sakit, lalu menyerahkan panji itu kepadanya. 'Ali, dengan pihaknya sendiri, berjanji akan memerangi musuh sehingga mereka memeluk Islam. Nabi ﷺ menjawabnya dengan berkata: "Bertenanglah dan ajaklah mereka untuk menerima Islam, serta terangkanlah kepada mereka kewajipan mereka terhadap Allah. Demi Allah, jika hanya seorang sahaja yang mendapat petunjuk melalui teladanmu, itu sudah tentu lebih baik daripada unta-unta terbaik kita."
“The banner”, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) declared “would be entrusted to a man who loves Allâh and His Messenger and they (Allâh and His Messenger) love him.” All the Muslims came forward in the following morning hoping to be granted the honour of carrying the banner. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) called for ‘Ali bin Abi Talib whose eyes used to hurt, and handed it to him. ‘Ali, on his part, pledged he would fight the enemies until they embraced Islam. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) answered him saying: “Take things easy and invite them to accept Islam and brief them on their duties towards Allâh. I swear by Allâh that if only one should be guided through your example, that would surely outweigh the best of our camels.”.
Khaibar, menurut riwayat, terbahagi kepada dua bahagian. Bahagian pertama mengandungi lima kubu: Na‘im, As-Sa‘b bin Mu‘adh, kota Az-Zubair, Kubu ’Abi, dan An-Nizar di Ash-Shiqq; tiga yang lain terletak di bahagian kedua: Al-Qamus, Al-Wateeh dan As-Salalim.
Khaibar, it seems, was split into two parts with five forts in the first: Na‘im, As-Sa‘b bin Mu‘adh, the castle of Az-Zubair, ’Abi Castle, and An-Nizar in Ash-Shiqq; three others were in part two: Al-Qamus, Al-Wateeh and As-Salalim.
Operasi Sebenar Bermula:
The Actual Operation begins:
Nabi (ﷺ) memulakan kempen dengan menawan kubu-kubu kecil satu demi satu. Kubu pertama yang hendak diserang ialah Na‘im, benteng pertahanan pertama yang mempunyai kedudukan strategik yang amat kukuh. Marhab, ketua kubu itu, mencabar ‘Amr bin Al-Akwa‘ untuk bertarung dengannya, dan beliau menyahut cabaran itu; ketika ‘Amr menyerang Yahudi itu, pedangnya terpantul dan melukakan lututnya, dan beliau meninggal dunia akibat luka itu. Nabi (ﷺ) kemudian bersabda: “Baginya (‘Amir) ada ganjaran berganda di Akhirat.” Baginda menunjukkannya dengan mencantumkan dua jari baginda. ‘Ali bin Abi Talib kemudian menyanggupi untuk bertarung dengan Marhab, dan berjaya membunuhnya. Yasir, saudara Marhab, kemudian muncul mencabar orang Islam untuk berlawan. Az-Zubair setara dengannya dan membunuhnya di tempat itu. Pertempuran sebenar kemudian meletus dan berlanjutan selama beberapa hari. Orang Yahudi menunjukkan keberanian dan terbukti terlalu tangguh walaupun terhadap serangan berulang kali daripada tentera Islam yang berpengalaman. Namun, mereka kemudian menyedari kesia-siaan untuk terus menentang dan mula meninggalkan kedudukan mereka di An-Na‘im serta menyusup ke dalam kubu As-Sa‘b. Al-Hubab bin Al-Mundhir Al-Ansari mengetuai serangan ke atas kubu As-Sa‘b dan mengepungnya selama tiga hari, selepas itu orang Islam menyerbu kubu tersebut dengan memperoleh banyak rampasan perang, bekalan dan makanan yang jatuh ke tangan mereka di situ. Kemenangan ini datang selepas doa Nabi (ﷺ) kepada Allah untuk membantu Banu Aslam dalam percubaan mereka yang tanpa henti dan berani untuk menawan kubu itu.
The Prophet (Peace be upon him) began the campaign by reducing the minor strongholds one after the other. The first fort he was to attack was Na‘im, the first defence line with a formidable strategic position. Marhab, the leader of the fort, invited ‘Amr bin Al-Akwa‘ to meet him in combat and the latter responded; when ‘Amr struck the Jew, his sword recoiled and wounded his knee, and he died of that wound. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) later said: “For him (‘Amir) there is a double reward in the Hereafter.” He indicated this by putting two of his fingers together. ‘Ali bin Abi Talib then undertook to meet Marhab in combat, and managed to kill him. Yasir, Marhab’s brother, then turned up challenging the Muslims to a fight. Az-Zubair was equal to it and killed him on the spot. Real fighting then broke out and lasted for a few days. The Jews showed courage and proved to be too formidable even to the repeated rushes of the veteran soldiers of Islam. However, they later realized the futility of resistance and began to abandon their positions in An-Na‘im and infiltrate into the fortress of As-Sa‘b. Al-Hubab bin Al-Mundhir Al-Ansari led the attack on As-Sa‘b fortress and laid siege to it for three days after which the Muslims stormed it with a lot of booty, provisions and food to fall to their lot therein. This victory came in the wake of the Prophet’s (Peace be upon him) invocation to Allâh to help Banu Aslam in their relentless and daring attempts to capture that fort.
BAHAGIAN KEDUA: KHAIBAR DITAKLUKI
THE SECOND PART OF OF KHAIBAR CONQURED:
Ketika Nabi ﷺ bersama tenteranya bergerak ke bahagian Khaibar ini, Al-Katiba, baginda mengepung kawasan itu dengan ketat selama empat belas hari, manakala orang-orang Yahudi berkurung di dalam benteng-benteng mereka. Ketika baginda hendak menggunakan alat-alat pendobrak, orang-orang Yahudi menyedari bahawa mereka pasti binasa, lalu mereka meminta satu perjanjian damai yang boleh dirundingkan.
When the Prophet (Peace be upon him), along with his army, moved to this part of Khaibar, Al-Katiba, he laid a heavy siege to it for fourteen days with the Jews barricading themselves inside their forts. When he was about to use the rams, the Jews realized that they would perish, therefore, they asked for a negotiable peace treaty.
Terdapat satu isu yang menjadi perdebatan dalam konteks ini. Adakah bahagian Khaibar ini (dengan tiga bentengnya) ditakluki secara paksaan? Ibn Ishaq dengan jelas menyatakan bahawa benteng Al-Qamus ditakluki secara paksaan. Al-Waqidi pula berpendapat bahawa ketiga-tiga benteng itu diambil melalui rundingan damai, dan paksaan, jika ada, hanya digunakan untuk menyerahkan benteng itu kepada orang Islam; dua benteng yang lain menyerah tanpa berperang.
There is one controversial point in this context. Was this part of Khaibar (with its three forts) conquered by force? Ibn Ishaq clearly stated that Al-Qamus fort was conquered by force. Al-Waqidi, on the other hand, maintained that the three forts were taken through peace negotiations, and force, if any, was resorted to only to hand the fort over to the Muslims; the two other forts surrendered without fighting.
RUNDINGAN:
NEGOTIATIONS:
Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq telah dihantar kepada Rasulullah ﷺ untuk merundingkan perjanjian penyerahan. Nabi ﷺ bersetuju untuk menyelamatkan nyawa mereka dengan syarat mereka berpindah keluar dari Khaibar dan tanah sekitarnya, dengan meninggalkan segala emas dan perak yang mereka miliki. Namun, baginda mensyaratkan bahawa baginda akan membatalkan sebarang komitmen sekiranya mereka menyembunyikan sesuatu. Tidak lama kemudian, kubu-kubu itu diserahkan kepada orang Islam dan seluruh Khaibar ditakluki serta berada di bawah naungan Islam.
Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq was despatched to the Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) to negotiate the surrender treaty. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) agreed to spare their lives on condition they evacuate Khaibar and the adjacent land, leaving whatever gold and silver they had in their possession. However, he stipulated that he would disavow any commitment if they concealed anything. Shortly afterwards, the forts were handed over to the Muslims and all Khaibar was reduced and brought under the sway of Islam.
Walaupun terdapat perjanjian ini, dua orang anak Abi Al-Huqaiq telah menyembunyikan sebuah beg kulit yang penuh dengan permata, serta wang milik Huyai bin Al-Akhtab, yang dibawanya bersamanya ketika Banu Nadir diusir. Kinanah bin Ar-Rabi‘, yang telah menyembunyikan kasturi di suatu tempat, berkeras dalam penafiannya, lalu dia dibunuh apabila kasturi itu ditemui dan ketidakjujurannya terbukti. Dua orang anak Abi Al-Huqaiq dibunuh sebagai balasan kerana memungkiri perjanjian, dan Safiyah, anak perempuan Huyai, dijadikan tawanan.
This treaty notwithstanding, Abi Al-Huqaiq’s two sons concealed a leather bag full of jewels, and money belonging to Huyai bin Al-Akhtab, who carried it with him when Banu Nadir had been banished. Kinanah bin Ar-Rabi‘, who had hidden the musk somewhere, was obdurate in his denial and so he was killed when the musk was discovered and his dishonesty was proven. Abi Al-Huqaiq’s two sons were killed in recompense for breaching the covenant, and Safiyah, Huyai’s daughter was taken as a captive.
PEMBAHAGIAN RAMPASAN PERANG:
DISTRIBUTION OF SPOILS:
Menurut perjanjian yang telah dimeterai, orang-orang Yahudi sepatutnya berpindah keluar dari Khaibar, tetapi mereka bimbang untuk meninggalkan tanah subur dan kebun yang elok yang menjadi kemasyhuran Khaibar. Oleh itu, mereka mendekati Nabi ﷺ dengan permintaan agar dibenarkan mengusahakan tanah mereka, dan mereka akan memberikan separuh daripada hasilnya kepada orang Islam. Muhammad ﷺ dengan baik hati bersetuju dengan permintaan mereka.
In accordance with the agreement already concluded, the Jews would be obliged to evacuate Khaibar, but they were anxious to keep on cultivating the rich soil and fine orchard for which Khaibar was famous. They, therefore, approached the Prophet (Peace be upon him) with the request that they be allowed to cultivate their lands and they would give half of the produce to the Muslims. Muhammad (Peace be upon him) was kind enough to accede to their request.
Rasulullah ﷺ membahagikan tanah Khaibar kepada dua bahagian: separuh untuk menyediakan makanan yang akan disimpan sekiranya berlaku sebarang bencana yang tidak disangka menimpa kaum Muslimin, dan untuk menjamu utusan asing yang mula kerap datang ke Madinah; separuh lagi untuk kaum Muslimin yang menyaksikan peristiwa Al-Hudaibiyah, sama ada yang hadir mahupun yang tidak hadir. Jumlah bahagian ialah 36, daripadanya 18 diberikan kepada golongan yang disebutkan di atas. Tentera terdiri daripada 1400 orang lelaki, dan antara mereka terdapat 200 penunggang kuda. Penunggang kuda diperuntukkan 3 bahagian dan pejalan kaki satu bahagian. Harta rampasan yang diperoleh di Khaibar begitu banyak sehingga Ibn ‘Umar berkata: "Kami tidak pernah kenyang sehinggalah kami menakluki Khaibar." ‘Aishah (semoga Allah meredainya) diriwayatkan berkata: "Sekarang kami dapat makan kurma sepuas-puasnya."
The Messenger (Peace be upon him) divided the land of Khaibar into two: one half to provide the food to be stored in case of any accidental calamity that might befall the Muslims, and for entertaining the foreign delegates who started to frequent Madinah a lot; the other half would go to the Muslims who had witnessed Al-Hudaibiyah event whether present or absent. The total number of shares came to 36, of which 18 were given to the people above-mentioned. The army consisted of 1400 men of whom were 200 horsemen. The horseman was allotted 3 shares and the footman one. The spoils taken at Khaibar were so great that Ibn ‘Umar said: “We never ate our fill until we had conquered Khaibar.” ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) is narrated to have said: “Now we can eat our fill of dates.”.
Apabila mereka kembali ke Madinah, para Muhajirin dapat mengembalikan kepada kaum Ansar Madinah segala pemberian yang telah mereka terima. Semua kemewahan ini datang selepas penaklukan Khaibar dan manfaat ekonomi besar yang mula dinikmati oleh kaum Muslimin.