Shuro — barcha musulmonlarning haqqi bo'lib, xalifa uni ado etishi lozim. Ular bilan maslahatlashish huquqiga ega, va xalifa ularga murojaat qilib, ular bilan maslahatlashishi kerak. Alloh (SWT) aytadi: "Va ish haqida ular bilan maslahatlash. Qachon qaror qilsang (biror harakat yoki fikr yuzasidan), Allohga tavakkal qil." [TMQOli Imron: 159] Alloh Rasuli ﷺ odamlarga murojaat qilar va ular bilan maslahatlashar edi. Badr kuni jang maydonining joylashuvi haqida ulardan maslahat so'radi, Uhud kuni esa shahar ichida yoki tashqarisida jang qilish haqida ulardan maslahat so'radi. Badr kuni u ﷺ mutaxassis tomonidan aytilgan texnik fikrga nisbatan Habbob ibn Munzir maslahatini oldi va uni qabul qildi. Uhud kuni u ﷺ ko'pchilikning fikrini qabul qildi, garchi shaxsiy fikri boshqacha bo'lsa ham.

Shura is a right of all the Muslims that the Khaleefah should fulfil. They are entitled to be consulted and the Khaleefah should refer to them and consult them. Allah (swt) says; “And do consult them in the matter, and if you decide (on an action/on an opinion) put your trust in Allah.” [TMQ Al-Imran: 159] The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) used to refer to people and consult with them. He (pbuh) consulted them on the day of Badr about the location of the battlefield and He consulted them on the day of Uhud about whether to fight inside or outside Madinah. On the day of Badr He took the advice of Habab bin Al- Munthir regarding a technical opinion voiced by an expert that He accepted. On the day of Uhud He accepted the opinion of the majority, despite the fact that his personal opinion was different.

ʻUmar ibn al-Khattob Iroq yeri haqida musulmonlar bilan maslahatlashdi: u ganimat bo‘lgani uchun musulmonlar orasida taqsimlansinmi yoki yer Bayt al-mol (xazina) mulki bo‘lib qolgan holda, uning xalqi ustidan Xarojni to‘lash sharti bilan ularning qo‘lida qoldirilsinmi. Shundan so‘ng u o‘z ijtihodi bo‘yicha ish tutdi va sahobalarning ko‘pchiligi buni ma’qulladi. Shu sababli yerni uning aholisi qo‘lida qoldirdi va ulardan Xaroj to‘lashni buyurdi. U Sa’d ibn Abu Vaqqosni ham ustidan shikoyatlar bo‘lgani uchun vazifasidan chetlatdi va shunday dedi: “Men uni xiyonat yoki ojizlik sababli chetlatmadim.” Xalifa bilan maslahatlashish huquqiga ega bo‘lish bilan birga, musulmonlar hukmdorlarni o‘z ishlari va xulq-atvori uchun hisobdor qilishi ham lozim. Alloh taolo musulmonlarga hukmdorlardan hisob so‘rashni buyurdi va agar ular fuqarolarning huquqlarini poymol qilsalar, ularga nisbatan burchlarini e’tiborsiz qoldirsalar, ishlarining biror qismini chetda qoldirsalar, Islom ahkomlariga (qonunlariga) zid kelsalar yoki Alloh nozil qilganidan boshqasi bilan hukm qilsalar, ularga nisbatan qat’iy turishni qat’iy tarzda buyurdi. Muslim Umm Salamadan rivoyat qiladi: Rasululloh ﷺ dedilar: “Sizlarga amirlar bo‘ladi, siz ularning ishlarining bir qismini tan olasiz, bir qismini esa rad etasiz. Kim (noto‘g‘ri ishni) tan olsa, u (gunohdan) xalos bo‘ladi, kim rad etsa, u (zarardan) saqlanadi. Lekin kim (ularning ishini) qabul qilib, ortidan ergashsa, u saqlanmaydi.” Ular (sahobalar) so‘radilar: “Biz ular bilan urushmaymizmi?” U zot dedilar: “Yo‘q, to ular namoz o‘qiguncha.” Ba’zi hollarda sahobalar Rasulullohning ﷺ ayrim ishlarini ham ma’qullamay qolgan. ʻUmar Hudaybiya sulhidagi band ustidan qattiq e’tiroz bildirdi, u band shunday deb yozilgan edi: “Qurayshdan kimki vasiysining ruxsatisiz Muhammadning ﷺ huzuriga kelsa, u qaytarib yuboriladi, Muhammad ﷺ bilan birga bo‘lganlardan kimki Qurayshga kelsa, uni qaytarib bermaydilar.” Ibn Hisham “Sirat”da buni Az-Zuhriydan rivoyat qilgan. Musulmonlar, ayniqsa ʿUmar, dastlab Abu Bakrning dinidan qaytganlar bilan urushishga qaror qilgan harakatini ma’qullamadilar. Talha va Az-Zubayr ham, u ʿUmarni o‘zidan keyin tayinlashni niyat qilganini bilib qolganlarida, uning harakatini ma’qullamadilar.

‘Umar bin Al-Khattab consulted the Muslims regarding the land of Iraq, whether to divide it among the Muslims because it was booty or to leave it in the hands of its people with the condition that they paid its Kharaj while the land remains the property of the Treasury. He then acted according to his own Ijtihad and most of the Sahabah approved of it, so He left the land in the hands of its people and ordered them to pay the Kharaj. He also removed Sa’d Ibnu Abi Waqqas from his Wilayah because of complaints against Him and He said; “I did not remove Him because of a betrayal or a weakness.” As well as having the right to be consulted by the Khaleefah, the Muslims should also hold the rulers accountable for their actions and conduct. Allah (swt) has commanded the Muslims to hold the rulers accountable and He (swt) strongly directed them to be firm with them if they violated the rights of the citizens, if they neglected their duties towards them, if they ignored any of their affairs, disagreed with the Ahkam (laws) of Islam or governed with other than what Allah brought down. Muslim narrated from Umm Salamah that RasoolAllah (pbuh) said “‘There will be ameers, you recognise (something of what they do) and you reject (some). Whosoever recognised, He would be absolved (of sin) and whosoever rejected, He would be safe. But whosoever accepted and followed (what they do, He would not be safe).’ They (the Sahabah) asked ‘Shouldn’t we fight them?’ He said; ‘No, as long as they pray.’” The Sahabah on some occasions did disapprove of some of the Messenger of Allah’s (pbuh) actions. ‘Umar strongly protested against what came in the treaty of Hudaybiyah, namely the part which states; “Any one who comes to Muhammad from Qur’aysh without the permission of his guardian would be returned to them, and whoever comes to Qur’aysh from among those who were with Mohammad they would not return Him back.” Ibnu Hisham in the Seerah reported this from Az-Zuhri. The Muslims, especially ‘‘Umar, at first disapproved the action of Abu Bakr when He decided to fight the apostates. Talha and Az-Zubayr also disapproved of his action when they learned that He was to nominate ‘Umar after him.

Bilol ibn Rabah, Az-Zubayr va boshqalar Umarning Iroq yerini jangchilar o'rtasida taqsimlamaslik qarorini ma'qullamadilar. Bir ayol ham Umar mahr miqdorini 400 dirhamga belgilashga qaror qilganda unga e'tiroz bildirdi va shunday dedi: "Ey Umar, bu sizning ishingiz emas. Allohning (swt) quyidagi so'zini eshitmadingmi: "Agar ularga (xotinlaringizga) mahr sifatida butun bir xazinani bergan bo'lsangiz ham, undan hech narsani olmang" [TMQ An-Niso: 20]?" Shunda Umar dedi: "Ayol to'g'ri aytdi, Umar esa xato qildi." Shuning uchun Ummat Kengashining maslahat olish huquqi bor va u hukmdorlarni hisobdorlikka tortishga majburdir.

Bilal Ibnu-Rabah, Az-Zubayr and others disapproved the action of ‘Umar when He decided not to divide the land of Iraq among the fighters. A woman also challenged ‘Umar when He decided to fix the dowries at 400 Dirhams, when she said to him: “‘O ‘Umar, it is not up to you. Did you not hear Allah’s (swt) saying “Even if you gave them (your wives) a whole treasure for dowery, do not take any of it” [TMQ An-Nisa’: 20]?’ Upon this, ‘Umar said; ‘The woman is right and ‘Umar was wrong.’” Therefore, the Council of the Ummah has the right to be consulted, and is obliged to hold the rulers accountable.