15.1 Islom musulmonlarga zarar yetkazishni va ularni kuzatib, josuslik qilishni taqiqlaydi - Islomdagi hukmlar tizimi | Quran Course

15.1 Islom musulmonlarga zarar yetkazishni va ularni kuzatib, josuslik qilishni taqiqlaydi - Islomdagi hukmlar tizimi | Quran Course

"Sen qanchalik go'zal ko'rinasan va hiding qanchalik shirin. Sen qanchalik ulug'san va muqaddasliging qanchalik buyukdir. Jonimni Qo'lida tutgan Zot haqi, Muhammadning ﷺ jonini, mo'minning hurmati Allohning huzurida sen (ka'ba)dan ham ulug'dir: uning mol-mulki va qoni (hurmatlidir), va Unga faqat yaxshilik bilan o'ylashdir." [Ibn Moja Ubaydulloh ibn Amr orqali rivoyat qilgan] U zot ﷺ yana dedilar: "Musulmonni so'kish fosiqlikdir, uning bilan urushish esa kufrdir." [Al-Buxoriy va Muslim Abdulloh ibn Mas'ud orqali rivoyat qilgan] Uylarning daxlsizligi haqida u zot ﷺ dedilar: "Agar biror kishi ruxsatsiz uyingizga qarasa va sen unga tosh otib, uning ko'zini chiqarib yuborsang, senga hech qanday gunoh yo'q." [Muslim Abu Hurayradan rivoyat qilgan] Sahl ibn Sa'd as-Saidiydan rivoyat qilinishicha, bir kishi Allohning Elchisi ﷺ eshigining teshigidan mo'raladi. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ o'sha paytda tarog'i bilan boshini qashiyotgan edilar. U zot ﷺ dedilar: "Agar sen eshikdan mo'ralayotganingni bilganimda, buni ko'zingga sanchib yuborgan bo'lardim. Darhaqiqat, ruxsat so'rash nigohdan saqlanish uchun joriy qilingan." [Al-Buxoriy va Muslim rivoyat qilgan] U zot ﷺ yana dedilar: "Kim odamlarning uyiga ularning ruxsatisiz mo'ralasa, ularga uning ko'zini chiqarib yuborish halol bo'ladi." [Narrated by Ahmed from Abu Hurairah]

“How splendid you look, and how sweet is your scent. How grand you are and how grand is your sanctity. By Whom in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammed, the sanctity of the believer is greater to Allah than yours, (that is) his wealth and his blood, and not to think of Him except good.” [Narrated by Ibnu Majah on the authority of Ubaid Allah bin Amru] He (pbuh) also said; “Abusing the Muslim is an aggression and fighting Him is disbelief.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim on the authority of ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ood] He said regarding the sanctity of the houses; “If a person were to cast a glance in your house without permission and you hit Him with a stone and thus gouged out his eyes, there would be no blame on you.” [Narrated by Muslim from Abu Hurairah] It has been reported on the authority of Sahl Ibnu Sa’d Al-Sa’idi that a man once peeped through the hole of the door of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was at the time scratching his head with a fork. He (pbuh) said; “If I were to know that you had been peeping through the door, I would have thrust this into your eyes. Indeed , seeking permission was made to protect against the glance.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim] He (pbuh) also said; “He who peeps into some people’s house without their permission, it is allowed for them to gouge out his eye.” [Narrated by Ahmed from Abu Hurairah]

Xuddi shunday, zimmiylar fuqarolaridan josuslik qilish ham taqiqlangan, chunki ular muomala va muomalada adolatli munosabatda bo'lish jihatidan musulmonlar bilan tengdirlar. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ zimmiylarga yaxshi munosabatda bo'lishni buyurdi va ularga zarar yetkazishni man etdi, u zot ﷺ shunday dedilar: "Kim ahd ostidagi insonga zarar yetkazsa yoki unga o'zi ko'tara olmaydigan yukni yuklasa, Qiyomat kuni men unga qarshi da'vo qilaman." [Yahyo ibn Odam tomonidan "Al-Xaroj" kitobida rivoyat qilingan] Umar aytdi: "Mendan keyingi xalifaga tavsiya qilaman: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ himoyasidagi kishilarga yaxshi munosabatda bo'lsin, ularga bergan ahdini (qasamini) ado etsin, ularni himoya qilish uchun jang qilsin va ularga o'zlari ko'tara olmaydigan yukni yuklamasin." [Yahyo ibn Odam tomonidan rivoyat qilingan] Oyat va hadislar josuslikning harom ekanligi haqida umumiy bo'lsa-da, ular harbiy harakat qiluvchi kofirlar — amalda harbiy harakat qilayotgan yoki potentsial ravishda shunday bo'lganlar — ustidan josuslik qilishni istisno qiladi. Boshqa hadislar josuslikning harbiy harakat qiluvchi kofirlardan boshqalarga nisbatan taqiqlanganini aniqlab beradi. Harbiy harakat qiluvchi kofirlar ustidan josuslik qilish harom emas, balki farz bo'lib, Islom davlati buni amalga oshirishi shart. Chunki Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Abdulloh ibn Jahshni Muhojirlardan sakkiz guruh odam bilan Toif va Makka orasidagi Nakhlaga yubordilar, Quraysh harakatlarini kuzatish va ular haqida xabar to'plash uchun. Dushman kofirlar ustidan josuslik qilish Islom qurolli kuchlari va Islom davlati uchun zarur bo'lgan masaladir.

It is similarly forbidden to spy on the citizens from the people of the Dhimmah, for they are equal to the Muslims in terms of dealing and being dealt with fairly. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered that the Dhimmah should be treated nicely and He forbade harming them, He (pbuh) said; “He who harms a person under covenant, or charged Him more than He can, I will argue against Him on the Day of Judgement.” [Narrated by Yahya bin Adam in the book of Al-Kharaaj] ‘Umar said; “I recommend to the Khaleefah after me to be good to those who are under the protection of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), He has to fulfil to them their covenant (oath), to fight for protecting them and to not be charged more than they can afford.” [Narrated by Yahya bin Adam] The Ayah and the Ahadith - although they are general about the unlawfulness of spying-exclude the spying against the belligerent disbelievers, whether they were actually or potentially belligerent. There are other Ahadith that specify the prohibition of spying to other than the belligerent disbelievers. Spying against the belligerent disbelievers is not forbidden, rather it is an obligation, and so the Islamic State must do that. This is because the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent ‘Abdullah bin Jahsh with eight bands of people from the Muhajireen, to Nakhla between Al-Taif and Makkah to monitor the movements of Qur’aysh and gather news about them. Spying against the disbelieving enemy is a matter that the Islamic armed forces and the Islamic State cannot do without.

Josuslikka qarshi kurashish kofir dushmanlarga nisbatan Islom davlati zimmasidagi farzdir. Shuningdek, kofirlar tomonidan unga qarshi olib boriladigan har qanday josuslikka qarshi kurashish uchun qarshi josuslik xizmatiga ega bo‘lish ham uning burchidir. Buning sababi, Al-Buxoriy Salama ibn Akva’ rivoyat qilganidek, u aytdi: "Allohning Elchisi ﷺ safarda bir josus bilan uchrashdilar; josus Payg‘ambarning sahobalaridan ba’zilari orasida o‘tirib suhbatlashdi, so‘ngra yashirincha ketib qoldi. Shunda Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dedilar: ‘Uning ortidan boring va uni o‘ldiring.’ Men boshqalardan oldin unga yetib bordim va uni o‘ldirdim, shunda Allohning Elchisi ﷺ menga o‘sha josusning o‘ljasini berdilar." Ahmad Furat ibn Hayyon rivoyati bilan bir voqeani keltirgan, u aytdi: "Allohning Elchisi ﷺ uning o‘ldirilishini buyurdilar. U josus bo‘lib, Abu Sufyonning ittifoqchisi edi. U Ansor bir halqa yonidan o‘tib, dedi: ‘Men musulmonman.’ Ansordan bir kishi dedi: ‘Ey Allohning Elchisi ﷺ, u musulmonman deydi.’ Allohning Elchisi ﷺ javob berdilar: ‘Sizlar orasida biz e’tiqodiga ishonadigan kishilar bor, Furat ibn Hayyon ham ulardandir.’" Al-Buxoriy Ali ibn Abu Solib (roziyallohu anhu) rivoyat qilganidek, u aytdi: "Allohning Elchisi ﷺ meni Az-Zubayr va Al-Miqdod ibn al-Aswad bilan birga yubordilar va dedilar: ‘XoX bog‘iga yetguncha ilgarilang, u yerda tuya minib xat olib ketayotgan bir tha’inani (ayolni) topasiz, undan xatni oling.’ Biz tezlik bilan otlanib yo‘lga chiqdik va bog‘ga yetib, tha’inani topdik. Biz unga dedik: ‘Xatni chiqar.’ U dedi: ‘Mening xatim yo‘q.’ Biz dedik: ‘Uni chiqar, aks holda kiyimingni yechamiz.’ Shunda u xatni sochining o‘rimidan chiqardi va biz uni Allohning Elchisi ﷺ huzuriga olib keldik." Bu voqealar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, Islomdagi hokimiyat zulmli hokimiyat emas, va uning zulm bo‘lishi harom, chunki zulmli hokimiyat musulmonlarga katta zarar yetkazadi, Shariat hukmlariga zid keladi va shuningdek, “La zarar va la zirar” (“Zarar ham, zarar yetkazish ham yo‘q”) degan shariat qoidasiga ham mos kelmaydi.

Spying against the disbelieving enemies is a duty that the Islamic State must perform. It is also its duty to have a counter intelligence service to combat any spying it is subjected to by the disbelievers. This is because Al- Bukhari reported on the authority of Salama Ibnu Akwa’, who said; “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) encountered a spy while on a journey; the spy sat among some of the Prophet’s companions talking and then He snuck away. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said; ‘Go after Him and kill him.’ So I beat everyone to Him and I killed him, so the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gave me the booty of that spy.’” Ahmed narrated an incident from Furat Ibnu Hayyan, who said, “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered his killing. He was a spy, and an ally of Abu Sufyan and He passed by a circle of the Ansar and said; ‘I am a Muslim.’ A man from the Ansar said; ‘O Messenger of Allah (pbuh) He says that He is a Muslim.’ The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) replied; ‘There are men among you whom we entrust to their belief, and Furat Ibnu Hayyan is one of them.’” Al- Bukhari reported on the authority of ‘Ali bin Abi Talib (rta), who said; “The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent me together with Az-Zubair and Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad, and said; ‘Go forth until you reach the garden of Khakh, you will find a tha’ina (a woman riding a camel) who is carrying a letter, so take it from her.’ We set off riding at high speed until we reached the garden, and we found the tha’ina. We said to her; ‘Get out the letter.’ She said; ‘I have no letter.’ We said; ‘Get it out or else we take off the dress. So she got it out of her braid and we brought it back to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh).” These incidents’ indicate that ruling in Islam is not an oppressive rule, and it is forbidden for it to be such, for oppressive ruling brings grave harm to the Muslims, contradicts the Shari’ah rules, and also disagrees with the Shari’ah principle that states “no harming and no self-inflicted harm”, “La Dharara Wala Dhirar”.