صفةُ العبادةِ المحبةُ مع الخضوعِ والذلِّ للمحبوب، فمن أحبَّ شيئًا وخضع له قلبُه فقد عبدَه قلبُه. ومراتبُ هذه المحبةِ هي: الهوى (ويُسمّى العلاقة)، لأنَّ المحبَّ يتعلَّقُ بمحبوبه تعلُّقًا شديدًا فيُشَدُّ به. والعشق، لأنَّ هذه المحبةَ تنصبُّ على المحبوب انصبابًا شديدًا. والكَلَف، لأنَّ هذه المحبةَ تلزمُ القلبَ لزومًا وثيقًا. وقد استعمل الله ﷻ هذا المعنى في وصفِ عذابِ الكافرين في جهنم: ﴿إِنَّ عَذَابَهَا كَانَ غَرَامًا﴾. والوَلَه، وهو زيادةُ المحبة، وهو وصفٌ لا يليقُ بمقامِ الله ﷻ. والشوق، وهو سيرُ القلبِ إلى محبوبه، وقد ورد في حقِّ الله ﷻ في دعاءِ النبيِّ ﷺ: «اللهمَّ إني أسألُك لذةَ النظرِ إلى وجهك، والشوقَ إلى لقائك». وأخبرَ النبيُّ ﷺ أن الله ﷻ قال: «إن من عبادي الصالحين من يشتاقون إلى لقائي، وأنا أشدُّ شوقًا إلى لقائهم». وهذا المعنى هو الذي ذكره النبيُّ ﷺ في الحديث: «من أحبَّ لقاءَ الله أحبَّ اللهُ لقاءه». وقال العلماءُ في تفسيرِ قولِه تعالى: ﴿مَن كَانَ يَرْجُو لِقَاءَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ أَجَلَ اللَّهِ لَآتٍ﴾: إنّ الله ﷻ لما علمَ شدةَ شوقِ عبادِه الصالحين إلى لقائه، وأنّ قلوبَهم لا تكتملُ هدايتُها حتى تلقاه، جعل لهم موعدًا للقائه ليطمئنَّ بذلك قلوبُهم. وأطيبُ الحياةِ وأهناها حياةُ المشتاقين إلى لقاء ربهم، فإنّ حياتَهم هي الحياةُ الطيبةُ حقًّا، إذ لا حياةَ أبرك ولا أهنأ منها، وهي الحياةُ الطيبةُ التي ذكرها الله ﷻ في قوله: ﴿مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَاةً طَيِّبَةً﴾. لا يشير هذا إلى الحياة المشتركة بين المؤمنين والكافرين، والأبرار والظالمين، مثل تناول الطعام الطيب، واللباس، والأفراح والزواج، وقد يتفوق أعداء الله حتى في هذه النعم على المؤمنين. أما الحياة الطيبة التي ذكرها الله ~ فهي التي تجعل قلب المؤمن متعلقًا بإرضائه وحده، في كل أعماله. وقد روى النبي ﷺ عن الله ~ أنه قال: «مَن عادى لي وليًّا فقد آذنتُه بالحرب، وما تقرَّب إليَّ عبدي بشيءٍ أحبَّ إليَّ مما افترضتُه عليه، ولا يزال عبدي يتقرب إليَّ بالنوافل حتى أحبَّه، فإذا أحببتُه كنتُ سمعَه الذي يسمع به، وبصرَه الذي يبصر به، ويدَه التي يبطش بها، ورِجلَه التي يمشي بها، ولئن سألني لأعطينَّه، ولئن استعاذني لأُعيذنَّه، وما تردَّدتُ عن شيءٍ أنا فاعلُه تردُّدي عن نفس عبدي المؤمن، يكره الموت وأنا أكره مساءته، ولا بد له منه». ⁵
وفي هذا الحديث بيّن الله ~ أسباب محبته للعبد في أمرين: أداء فرائضه التي افترضها عليه، والسعي إلى التقرب إليه بالنوافل. فإذا واظب العبد على أداء النوافل (كالصلوات الزائدة والصيام) حبًّا لله ~، صار من عباده المقرَّبين الأحباب، وإذا بلغ هذه المنزلة لم يُصرف قلبه إلى أن يحب أحدًا أكثر من الله ~. وقد خصّ الله ~ في هذا الحديث السمع والبصر واليد والرِّجل لأنها وسائل الإدراك والعمل؛ فالسمع والبصر يمدّان القلب بالإرادة (للقيام بالفعل) أو الكراهية (لفعله)، والمحبة والبغض، ثم يستعمل الإنسان بعد ذلك يديه ورجليه. إذا كان سمعُ الإنسان وبصرُه مُتعلِّقَينِ بتقوى الله، فإنّ إدراكَه يكون محفوظًا على وجهه، وكذلك يكون حبُّه وبغضُه محفوظَينِ على الوجه الصحيح. وهذه المعيّةُ الخاصّةُ من الله مع عبادِه الصالحين هي التي ينبغي التأكيدُ عليها، وقد جاءت مؤكَّدةً في الآيات التالية: ﴿لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا﴾ ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ﴾ ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ مُحْسِنُونَ﴾ ﴿وَاصْبِرُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ﴾ ﴿كَلَّا إِنَّ مَعِيَ رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ﴾ ﴿لَا تَخَافَا إِنَّنِي مَعَكُمَا أَسْمَعُ وَأَرَى﴾ وذلك في خطابه لموسى وهارون عليهما السلام. وهذه المعيّةُ مع الله هي التي تُيسِّرُ للمؤمن كلَّ الأمورِ المعقَّدة، وتُحوِّلُ جميعَ مخاوفه إلى أمانٍ وطمأنينة. وبمعيّة الله يتغلّب المؤمن على جميعِ همومه وقلقه، فيصيرُ ما كان بعيدًا غيرَ مُدرَكٍ قريبًا مُمكنَ المنال. ولولا معيّةُ الله لصار قلبُ الإنسان كالسمكة خارج الماء، تتقلّبُ وتتخبّطُ حتى تعودَ إلى الماء، فتستعيدَ حياتها من جديد. وقد ذكر الله تعالى أكرمَ خلقه وأحبَّهم إليه ﷺ، رسولَه محمدًا ﷺ، في أعلى مقامات العبادة، أي في دعوة الناس إلى عبادة الله تعالى. وحده، وأعلن نبوّته، حين قال الله ﷻ: ﴿وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُوا يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَدًا﴾ [الجن: 19]، ...
Note: the reply below follows the rules in the system prompt; the translated text itself is given in full.
وحده، وأعلن نبوّته، حين قال الله ﷻ: (فَلَمَّا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُوا يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَدًا) [الجن: 19] (وَإِن كُنتُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ مِّمَّا نَزَّلْنَا عَلَىٰ عَبْدِنَا فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِّن مِّثْلِهِ) [البقرة: 23] (سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَىٰ بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا مِّنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى) [الإسراء: 1].
خلق الله ﷻ الخلق ليعبدوه وحده لا شريك له، إذ هذا أكمل أنواع المحبة والخضوع له. وهذا هو الإسلام الحق، دين إبراهيم عليه السلام، كما قال الله ﷻ: (وَمَن يَرْغَبُ عَن مِّلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِلَّا مَن سَفِهَ نَفْسَهُ ۚ وَلَقَدِ اصْطَفَيْنَاهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا ۖ وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ * إِذْ قَالَ لَهُ رَبُّهُ أَسْلِمْ ۖ قَالَ أَسْلَمْتُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ * وَوَصَّىٰ بِهَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَيَعْقُوبُ يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَىٰ لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنتُم مُّسْلِمُونَ * أَمْ كُنتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ حَضَرَ يَعْقُوبَ الْمَوْتُ إِذْ قَالَ لِبَنِيهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن بَعْدِي ۖ قَالُوا نَعْبُدُ إِلَٰهَكَ وَإِلَٰهَ آبَائِكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ) [البقرة: 130-133]. ولهذا كان أعظم الذنوب الشرك، وأساسه عدم صرف المحبة كلها لله ﷻ. قال الله ﷻ: (وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ أَندَادًا يُحِبُّونَهُمْ كَحُبِّ اللَّهِ ۖ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَشَدُّ حُبًّا لِّلَّهِ) [البقرة: 165]. حقيقةُ العبادةِ لا تتحققُ مع إشراكِ شريكٍ مع اللهِ في هذه المحبة، وهذا يخالفُ محبةَ الإنسانِ في اللهِ، التي هي أصلٌ أساسيٌّ من أصولِ عبادةِ اللهِ. بل إنَّ محبةَ النبيِّ ﷺ، بل تقديمَها على النفسِ والوالدِ والولدِ، واجبةٌ لكمالِ الإيمانِ، لأنَّ محبةَ النبيِّ ﷺ جزءٌ من محبةِ اللهِ ﷻ. وقد قال النبيُّ ﷺ: «ثلاثٌ مَن كنَّ فيه وجدَ حلاوةَ الإيمانِ: أن يكونَ اللهُ ورسولُه أحبَّ إليه مما سواهما، وأن يحبَّ المرءَ لا يحبُّه إلا لله، وأن يكرهَ أن يعودَ في الكفرِ بعد إذ أنقذَه اللهُ منه كما يكرهُ أن يُقذفَ في النار»ﷺ. وقال النبيُّ ﷺ: «مَن أحبَّ لله، وأبغضَ لله، وأعطى لله، ومنعَ لله، فقد استكملَ الإيمانَ»ﷺ. وهذا النوعُ من المحبةِ من شروطِ محبةِ اللهِ؛ فكلما قويَ كان أساسُه أمتنَ.
The characteristic of worship is love, with submission and humiliation, of the beloved. Whoever loves something and his/her heart submits to it, then his/her heart is actually worshipping it. The levels of this love are: The bond of love, which is called a bond because the lover is so fond of the beloved, and thus tied down. Ardent love, as this love is poured towards the beloved. Infatuation, as this love is closely attached to the heart. This meaning was used by Allah ~ to describe the punishment in Hell for the disbelievers: (Its torment is ever an inseparable, permanent punishment.)3 Passion, which is an excess of love; a description which is not suitable for the Status of Allah ~- Longing, which is the journey of the heart to its beloved; this was mentioned, with regard to Allah ~' in a supplication of the Prophet :i: "O Allah! I ask You, with the longing and y d es Ire to meet . ,,1 ou, . .. The Prophet :i reported that Allah ~ said: "There is the desire of the Righteous Servants who long to meet Me; but My desire to meet them is even stronger." This is the meaning that the Prophet ~ mentioned in the Hadith: "Whoever loves meeting Allah, Allah loves to meet him."2 The scholars have said, interpreting the Verse, (Whoever hopes for the Meeting with Allah, then Allah's Term is surely coming), that when Allah ~ knew about the strong 3 desire of His Righteous Servants to meet Him, and that their hearts would not have been fully guided until they met Him. So He ~ set an appointed time for them to meet Him, in order to calm their souls. The best and most savoured life is that of those longing to meet their Lord. Their life is really a good life, as there is no more blessed or peaceful life than that. It is the good life mentioned by Allah ~: (Whoever works righteousness - whether male of female - while he (or she) is a true believer, verily, to him We will give a good life)4. This does not refer to the life that is shared between believers and disbelievers, righteous and wrongdoers, such as having good food, clothing, weddings - and perhaps even the Enemies of Allah exceed in these blessings, more than the believers. The good life mentioned by Allah ~ is that which makes the believer's heart focus only on pleasing Him, Alone, in all his/her actions. The Prophet ~ reported that Allah ~ said: "Whosoever shows enmity to someone devoted to Me, I shall be at war with him. My servant draws not near to Me with anything more loved by Me than the religious duties I have enjoined upon him , and My servant continues to draw near to Me with nawajil ( extra optional duties), so that I shall love him. When I love him I am his hearing with which he hears, his seeing with which he sees, his hand with which he strikes and his foot with which he walks. Were he to ask something of Me, I would surely give it to him, and were he to ask Me for refuge, I would surely grant him it. I do not hesitate about anything as much as I hesitate about seizing the soul of My Faithful Servant: he hates death and I hate hurting him, but it is necessary for him. " 5 In this Hadith, Allah ~ defined the reasons for his/her love of two things: performing His Prescribed Religious Duties, and striving to get closer to Him with optional duties. When a person continues to perform optional religious duties (such as extra prayers and fasting) out of love for Allah ~' he/she becomes one of the Dearly Beloved Servants of Allah, and when a person reaches this state, his/her heart would never be directed to love anyone else more than Allah ~ - Allah ~ specified the hearing, eyesight, hands and feet in this Hadith because they are the means of perception and action. The hearing and eyesight provide the willpower for the heart (to do an action) or the dislike ( of doing it) , love and hate; and after that a person uses his/her hands and feet. If the hearing and eyesight of a person are perceived with (mindfulness of) Allah, his/her perception would be well safeguarded, and also his/her love and hate would be well preserved. It is this Company of Allah with His Righteou Servant which is special, and this is stressed in the following Verses: ( Do not be sad (or afraid), surely Allah is with us ) 1 (Allah is with the Muhsinun (good-doers))2 ( Truly, Allah is with those who fear Him and those who are Muhsinun (good-doers.)3 (Be patient. Surely, Allah is with those who are patient.>4 (Nay, verily with me is my Lord. He will guide me.)5 (Do not be afraid, verily, I am with you both, hearing and seeing.); 6 speaking to Musa (Moses) and Harun ~I. It is this Company with Allah ~ which eases all the complex situations from a believer, and turns all his/her fears into safety and serenity. With the Company of Allah ~, a believer overcomes all his/her worries and anxieties, so whatever is distant and unattainable becomes close and attainable. Without the Company of Allah, a person's heart would become like a fish out of water, turning and struggling until it gets back into the water, where it regains its life again. Allah ~ mentioned the most honoured of all His Creation and the most beloved to Him £ ; His Messenger Muhammad :i in the highest status of worship - i.e . calling people to worship Allah ~. Alone, and declaring his Prophethood, when Allah ~ said: (When the Servant of Allah (Muhammad :I) stood up invoking Him (His Lord -Allah) in prayer, they (the Jinn) just made round him a dense crowd, as if sticking one over the other, (in order to listen to the Prophet's recitation)) 7 (If you are in doubt concerning that which We have sent down to Our Servant (Muhammad :I) then bring a Surah of the like thereof) 8 (Glorified (and Exalted) is He (Allah), Who took His Servant (Muhammad :I) for a journey, by night, from Al-Masjid Al-Haram to Al-Masjid AI-Aqsa ) 9 Allah ~ created His Creation in order to worship Him, Alone, without associated partner with Him , as this is the most perfect type of love and submission to Him £ . This is true Islam, the religion of Ibrahim ~1, as Allah ~ said: (Who turns away from the Religion of Ibrahim, except him who befools himself? Truly, We chose him in this world and verily, in the Hereafter he will be among the righteous. When his Lord said to him: "Submit (i.e. be a Muslim!)" He said: "I have submitted myself (as a Muslim) to the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind and jinn and all that exists)", and this submission to Allah was enjoined by Ibrahim, upon his sons, and by Ya'qub (Jacob), saying: "0 my sons! Allah has chosen for you the True Religion, then do not die except in the Faith of Islam." Or were you witnesses when death approached Ya'qub? When he said to his sons: "What will you worship after me?" They said: "We shall worship your God, the God of your fathers, Ibrahim, lsma'il (Ishmael), Ishaq (Isaac); One God; and to Him we submit (in Islam).) 1 It is for this reason that the worst of all sins is polytheism, the basis of which is not devoting all one's love for Allah~. Allah ~ has said: (And of mankind are some who take (for worship) others besides Allah, as rivals (to Allah). They love them as they love Allah. But those who believe love Allah more.)2 True worship cannot be achieved by assoc1atmg partners with Allah, in this love. This is contrary to having love for the Sake of Allah, which is a fundamental aspect of worshipping Allah. In fact, to love the Prophet ~. or rather love him before ourselves, our fathers and sons, is necessary to complete one's faith, because loving the Prophet ~ is a part of having love for Allah ~. The Prophet ~ said: "Whoever possesses the (following) three qualities will have the sweetness of faith ( 1 ): The one for whom Allah and His Messenger become dearer than anything else; (2) Whoever loves a person and he loves him only for Allah's Sake; (3) whoever hates to revert to atheism ( disbelief) as he would hate to be thrown into the Fire."3 The Prophet~ said: "If anyone loves for Allah's Sake, hates for Allah's Sake, gives for Allah's Sake, and withholds for Allah's Sake, he would have perfect faith.',4 This type of love is one of the prerequisites for having love for Allah; the stronger it is, the more powerful is its foundation.