من كان له ظنٌّ سيءٌ بالرب فقد أساء الظنَّ بالرب، فقد جحد عن الربِّ كمالَه المقدسَ في أسمائه وصفاته. وقد توعّد الله ﷻ الذين يظنون به ظن السوء بعذاب شديد، إذ قال: ﴿وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَعَنَهُمْ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَهَنَّمَ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا﴾[6]، وقال سبحانه لمن جحدوا شيئًا من صفاته: ﴿وَذَٰلِكُمْ ظَنُّكُمُ الَّذِي ظَنَنتُم بِرَبِّكُمْ أَرْدَاكُمْ فَأَصْبَحْتُم مِّنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ﴾[7]. وقال الله ﷻ عن إبراهيم عليه السلام أنه قال لقومه: ﴿إِذْ قَالَ لِأَبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ مَا ذَا تَعْبُدُونَ * أَإِفْكًا آلِهَةً دُونَ اللَّهِ تُرِيدُونَ * فَمَا ظَنُّكُم بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾[8]، أي: فما ظنكم أن يفعل بكم بعد أن عبدتم غيره؟ وإنما العابد الحق لله ﷻ هو من يخضع له خضوعَ الذلّ والانكسار، فإن الله ﷻ وحده يستحق الحمد والتسبيح والتعظيم. وإن صرف هذه الحقوق إلى آلهة أخرى غيره لظلمٌ عظيم. وقد قال تعالى: ﴿ضَرَبَ لَكُم مَّثَلًا مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ هَل لَّكُم مِّن مَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُم مِّن شُرَكَاءَ فِي مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ فَأَنتُمْ فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ تَخَافُونَهُمْ كَخِيفَتِكُمْ أَنفُسَكُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ﴾[9]، أي: إذا كان أحدكم يأنف أن يجعل مملوكَه شريكًا له مساويًا في ماله، فكيف تجعلون عبدي شريكًا لي فيما هو حقي؟ فأنا الإله الذي لا يُنسب إليه شيء سواي، وذلك لا يليق بغيري. ومن زعم ذلك فما قدّر الله حق قدره، ولا عظّمه حق تعظيمه. وقال الله ﷻ: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ﴾ وقد ضُرب مثلٌ فاستمعوه بعناية: ﴿إنَّ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ لَن يَخْلُقُوا ذُبَابًا وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا لَهُ ۖ وَإِن يَسْلُبْهُمُ الذُّبَابُ شَيْئًا لَّا يَسْتَنقِذُوهُ مِنْهُ ۚ ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ وَالْمَطْلُوبُ﴾. ﴿مَا قَدَرُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَقَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ﴾. وقال الله تعالى: ﴿وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ وَالْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَالسَّمَاوَاتُ مَطْوِيَّاتٌ بِيَمِينِهِ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ﴾. وكلُّ ما في هذا الكون ضعيفٌ أمام الله القويّ العزيز؛ فمن أشرك بالله شيئًا فلم يقدِّر الله حقَّ قدره. والذين لا يقدّرون الله حقَّ قدره يزعمون أنّ الله لم يُرسل رسلَه ولم يُنزل كتابَه إلى خلقه، وأنه خلقهم وتركهم سُدًى! والذين لا يقدّرون الله حقَّ قدره يُنكرون أسماءه وصفاته، كالسمع والبصر والإرادة والاختيار، وعلوِّه فوق خلقه، وكلامِه لمن يصطفيه من خلقه. والذين لا يقدّرون الله حقَّ قدره يزعمون أنّ الله يعذّب عبادَه على ما لم يفعلوه، أو لا قدرة لهم عليه ولا تأثير لهم فيه، ويزعمون أنّ كلَّ ما يقع فهو فعلُ الله، فيُعذَّب العبدُ على ما أُكره على فعله من خالقه! فكيف يُتصوَّر أن يُكرِه أحكمُ الحاكمين وأرحمُ الراحمين عبدَه على فعلٍ خارجٍ عن مشيئته وإرادته، ثم يعذّبه عليه عذابًا أبديًا؟! ﴿سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ﴾ ﴿عَمَّا يَقُولُونَ عُلُوًّا كَبِيرًا﴾ ﴿وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يَقُولُ الظَّالِمُونَ عُلُوًّا كَبِيرًا﴾. الذين لا يقدّرون الله حق قدره يتّبعون الشيطان ويجعلونه مساوياً لله ~ في مراعاة صفات التعظيم والطاعة والخضوع والخوف والرجاء فيه (أي في الشيطان). قال الله ~: ﴿أَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِي آدَمَ أَن لَّا تَعْبُدُوا الشَّيْطَانَ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ * وَأَنِ اعْبُدُونِي هَٰذَا صِرَاطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ﴾. ويدعو الشيطانُ المشركَ أيضاً إلى عبادته، زاعماً أنه ملَك. قال الله ~: ﴿وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعاً ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ أَهَٰؤُلَاءِ إِيَّاكُمْ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ * قَالُوا سُبْحَانَكَ أَنتَ وَلِيُّنَا مِن دُونِهِم بَلْ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ الْجِنَّ أَكْثَرُهُم بِهِم مُّؤْمِنُونَ﴾. وكذلك يعبد مشركون آخرون الشمسَ والقمرَ والنجومَ، زاعمين أنهم يعبدون أرواح هذه الكواكب التي تخاطبهم وتقضي حاجاتهم. فعند طلوع الشمس يقف الشيطان بين قرنيها، فيبدو كأنه على جانبيها، فإذا سجد لها المشركون فإنما يسجدون في الحقيقة للشيطان، وكذلك يحدث عند الغروب. ولذلك فإن من عبد غير الله ~ فقد عبد الشيطان حقاً، ومن ذلك من يعبد النبي عيسى ~ وأمه، لأن الشيطان هو الذي يأمرهم بعبادتهما. قال الله ~: ﴿وَيَوْمَ يَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعاً يَا مَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ قَدِ اسْتَكْثَرْتُم مِّنَ الْإِنسِ وَقَالَ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُم مِّنَ الْإِنسِ رَبَّنَا اسْتَمْتَعَ بَعْضُنَا بِبَعْضٍ وَبَلَغْنَا أَجَلَنَا الَّذِي أَجَّلْتَ لَنَا قَالَ النَّارُ مَثْوَاكُمْ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌ﴾. وهذا يبيّن السبب الذي من أجله يُعدّ الشرك أعظمَ الذنوب عند الله، فهو لا يُغفر إلا بالتوبة منه، ويؤدي إلى العذاب الخالد في نار جهنم.
Whoever has a poor opinion of the Lord has indeed denied the Lord His Scared Perfection, in His Names and Attributes. Allah ~ has promised a severe punishment for those who think evil thoughts about Him, when He ~ said: ( for them is a disgraceful torment, and the Anger of Allah is upon them. He has cursed them and prepared Hell for them - and worst indeed is that destination)6 and He ~ said to those who denied Him any one of His Attributes: (That thought of yours which you thought about your Lord, has brought you to destruction, and you have become of those utterly lost! )7 Allah ~ also said about Ibrahim ~I that he said to his people: ( When he said to his father and to his people: "What is that which you worship? Is it a falsehood - gods other than Allah - that you desire? Then what you think about the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind,jinn and all that exists)?) 8 i.e. what do you think he would do to you after you have worshipped other gods? The true devout worshipper of Allah ~ is the one who submits to Him in complete humiliation; for Allah ~ . Alone, deserves All Praise, Glorification and Adoration. It is a great injustice to devote such rights to other gods , besides Allah ~- He ~ said: (He sets forth for you a parable from yourselves: Do you have partners among those whom your right hands possess (i.e. slaves) to share as equals, in the wealth We have bestowed on you, whom you fear as you fear each other? Thus we explain the signs in detail to a people who have sense.)' i.e. if one of you haughtily rejects allowing his Servant to become an equal partner in all his property, then why do you appoint My Servant to share equally that which is My Property; I am the Deity, to Whom nothing is to be attributed, besides Me, as that does not suit anyone but Me! Whoever claims so has not estimated Me with the estimation that is due to Me, and has not duly glorified Me. Allah ~ said: ( 0 mankind! A similitude has been coined, so listen to it carefully: Verily, those on whom you call besides Allah, cannot create (even) a fly, even if they met together for the purpose; and if the fly should snatch away anything from them, they would have no power to release it from the fly. So weak are (both) the seeker and the sought. They have not estimated Allah by His Rightful Estimate. Verily, Allah is All-Strong, All- Mighty.) 2 Allah ~ also said: ( They did not make a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. On the Day of the Resurrection, the whole of the earth will be grasped by His Hand and the heavens will be rolled up in His Right Hand. Glorified and Exalted is He above all that they associate as partners with Him.)3 Whatever exists in this Universe is weak before All-Mighty Allah; therefore, whoever associates anything with Allah has not estimated Him His Rightful Estimate . Those who do not estimate Allah by His Rightful Estimate claim that Allah ~ never sent His Messengers nor revealed His Book to His Creation; that He ~ simply created them and ignored them! Those who do not estimate Allah by His Rightful Estimate deny Him His Names and Attributes, such as Hearing, Sight, Will, Choice, His Elevation above His Creation, and His Speaking to whomsoever He choses among His Creation. Those who do not estimate Allah by His Rightful Estimate claim that Allah ~ punishes His Servants for something they did not do, or have no power or effect over. They claim that whatever takes place is an act of God, and so a Servant would be punished for something he/she was forced to do by his/her Creator! How could one imagine that the Best of Judges and the Most Merciful should compel His Servant to do an act, which is beyond his/her will and determination, and then punish him/her eternally for it? Allah is Above all their evil claims and accusations. Those who do not estimate Allah by His Rightful Estimate follow the Devil and make him equal to Allah ~' in observing the qualities of Glory, Obedience, Submission, Fear and Hope in him (the devil). Allah ~ said: (Did I not command you, 0 Children of Adam, that you should not worship Satan? Verily, he is a plain enemy to you. You should worship Me, Alone; that is the Straight Path.)4 The devil also invites the polytheist to worship him, claiming that he is an angel. Allah ~ said: (The Day when He will gather them all together, then He will say to the angels: "Was it you that these people used to worship?" The angels said: "Glorified are You! You are our Lord instead of them. Nay, but they used to worship the jinn, most of them were believers in them.")1 Similarly, other polytheists worship the sun, moon and stars, claiming that they worship the spirits of these planets, which address them, and fulfil their desires. So as the sun rises , the devil stands with his horns appearing to be on both sides of the sun, and when the polytheists prostrate to it, they are in fact prostrating to the devil, and the same thing happens at sunset. Therefore, whoever worships others besides Allah ~ has indeed worshipped Satan, including those who worship Prophet 'Isa (Jesus) ~\ and his mother, because it is the devil who commands them to worship them. Allah ~ said: ( On the Day when He will gather them all together and say: "0 you assembly of jinn! You gained many followers among mankind." And their friends among mankind will say, "Our Lord, we benefited from one another, and now we have reached the term which You have determined for us." He will say: "The Fire is your home, you will be in it timelessly, forever, except as Allah wills. Your Lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing.") 2 This shows the reason for which polytheism is regarded as the greatest sin in Allah's Sight; it is unforgivable, unless one repents, and leads to eternal punishment in the Hell-Fire.