[Al-Būshanjī:] 在我所见过的艾哈迈德时代的人中，我从未遇到像艾哈迈德那样敬畏宗教、谨慎小心、自我克制、清心寡欲的人，也从未遇到像他那样博学、精于宗教事务辨析的人，从未遇到如此心胸宽广、意志坚定、与人相处和睦、真诚无伪的人。196 38.1

[Al-Būshanjī:] Of all the people I saw in Aḥmad’s time, I never met anyone as mindful of religion, as careful, as self-controlled, or as abstinent as Aḥmad, nor anyone as learned or as discerning in matters of religion, nor anyone so generous in spirit, so firm of heart, so congenial in company, or so unmistakably sincere.196 38.1

[ʿAlī ibn al-Madīnī:] 艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒曾对我说："我真希望能与你同去麦加，只是我担心我会厌烦你的陪伴，或者你会厌烦我的陪伴。"38。2

[ʿAlī ibn al-Madīnī:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal once said to me, “I wish I could accompany you to Mecca, but I’m afraid I’ll get tired of your company, or you of mine.” 38.2

当我前去告别时，我问他是否需要什么，他说："我希望你敬畏真主，并常记后世。"【罕百勒】我记得每当艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒要起身时，他都会对在场的人说："请允许我告退。"38.3

When I came to say good-bye, I asked him if he wanted anything and he said, “I want you to remain fearful of God and mindful of the afterlife.” [Ḥanbal:] I remember that whenever Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal wanted to get up, he would say to whoever was with him, “By your leave.” 38.3

[Al-Sijistānī:] 与艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒同坐，谈论的都是后世；今世的事从不提起。我从未见他谈论过今世。38。4

[Al-Sijistānī:] Sitting with Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal meant talking about the next world; the things of this world were never mentioned. I never saw him talk about this world at all. 38.4

[伊本·al-Munādī:] 我听我的祖父说:“艾哈迈德非常谦逊,内心慷慨,是我见过的最周到、最体贴的人之一。他大多数时候低着头坐着,目光低垂,避免谈论任何不当或无聊的话题。他开口时,要么交流圣训,要么讲述虔诚之人和苦行者的懿行,他都以平静的庄重和雄辩的口才来做这些。与人相见时,他总是微笑着,全神贯注地倾听。他对年长的学者表现出极大的敬重,而这些人也非常尊重他。他对叶海亚·伊本·穆因极为崇敬,而叶海亚比他年长大约七岁。”38.5

[Ibn al-Munādī:] I heard my grandfather say, “Aḥmad was extremely modest, but generous in spirit; he was one of the most thoughtful and considerate people I’ve ever seen. He would sit with his head bowed and his eyes averted much of the time, and avoid talking about anything unseemly or frivolous. When he did talk, it was to exchange Hadith or recall the example set by righteous men and renunciants, which he did with quiet dignity and eloquence. When meeting people, he would smile and give them his full attention. He showed great deference to senior men of learning, who in turn respected him enormously. He displayed the greatest veneration for Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn, who was seven or so years older than he.” 38.5

[ʿAbd Allāh:] 每当我父亲离开清真寺回到家中时，他会把凉鞋在地上拍一拍，好让人们听到他进来。他也常常清清嗓子，让人们知道他要进来了。38.6

[ʿAbd Allāh:] Whenever my father left the mosque to come into the house, he would slap his sandal against the ground so people could hear him coming. He would often clear his throat, too, to let people know he was coming in. 38.6

[穆汉纳：] 我不止一两次看到艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒被人亲吻脸、头或脸颊，不是三四次或五次，实际上远不止于此。他没有说什么，但也没有阻止。我看到苏莱曼·伊本·达乌德·哈希米亲吻他的头和额头，他没有阻止，也看不出不赞同。我还看到叶尔孤布·伊本·易卜拉欣亲吻他的额头和脸。38.7

[Muhannaʾ:] I saw Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal more than once or twice—more than three or four or five times, really—letting people kiss his face, his head, or his cheek. He wouldn’t say anything, but he wouldn’t stop them, either. I saw Sulaymān ibn Dāwūd al-Hāshimī kiss him on the head and forehead. He didn’t stop him and he didn’t seem to disapprove. I also saw Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm kissing him on the forehead and the face. 38.7

[Al-Khallāl:] 我问祖海尔·伊本·萨利赫，他是否见过他的祖父艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒。388

[Al-Khallāl:] I asked Zuhayr ibn Ṣāliḥ if he had ever seen his grandfather, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. 38.8

“是的，”他说，“我第一次见到他时大约八岁。他去世时我十岁。”197

“Yes,” he said. “I was about eight years old the first time. I was ten when he died.”197

“你还记得他是什么样子吗？”“我和姐妹们以前每周五都去探望他。我们家和他家之间的门总是开着。他会写一张便条给一个从他那里买坚果和干果的人，吩咐那人给我们每人两枚银币的量。我们就去拿两枚银币价值的坚果或干果，也会给姐妹们带一些回来。”198

“Do you remember what he was like?” “My sisters and I used to visit him every Friday. The door between our house and his was left open. He used to write a note to a man he bought nuts and dried fruit from and tell him to give each of us two silver pennies’ worth, and we would go and take two pennies’ worth of nuts or fruit and bring something for our sisters too.198

“我多次看见他坐在阳光下，背部裸露着，伤疤清晰可见。

“Many times I saw him sitting in the sun with his back exposed and the scars showing.

“我有一个弟弟名叫阿里，绰号阿布·哈夫斯。父亲想为他行割礼。他准备了许多食物，并邀请众人前来。到了时候，他又派人去请我的祖父。之后父亲把祖父所说的话告诉了我：‘我听说你们搞了这件新事，还听说你们在此事上挥霍浪费。你们应当先从穷人和病人着手，先请他们来吃。’ 38.”9

“I had a younger brother named ʿAlī, with the nickname Abū Ḥafs. My father wanted to have him circumcised. He prepared a lot of food and invited people to come over. When the time came, he sent someone to invite my grandfather too. Later my father told me what he said: ‘I’ve heard about this new thing you’re doing, and I’ve heard that you’ve been wasteful about it. You should start with the poor and ill and feed them first.’ 38.9

第二天，拔火罐的人和家人都到了，我父亲进去告诉我的祖父。我的祖父与他一同出来，在小男孩身旁坐下，一直陪着直到割礼完成。之后，他取出两块打了结的布，一块给了拔火罐的人，另一块给了男孩。

“The next day, when the cupper and the family members had arrived, my father went in to tell my grandfather. My grandfather came out with him, sat down next to the little boy, and stayed there while the circumcision took place. Afterward he took out two knotted pieces of cloth and gave one to the cupper and the other to the boy.

然后他回到了自己的家中。拔罐者看了看那个小袋子，发现里面只有一枚迪拉姆。我们查看了那个男孩的袋子，发现里面也是同样的一枚。

Then he went back into his house. The cupper looked into the little bag and found a single dirham. We looked into the boy’s bag and found the same.

我们已经把铺在地上的大部分东西收走了，然后把男孩放在一个小平台上，平台下面垫着一些染色的衣物。我的祖父似乎并不反对。

“We had removed most of the things we had spread on the floor and put the boy on a little platform resting on some dyed garments. My grandfather didn’t seem to disapprove.

“有一次，我祖父的母系表弟，号称 Abū Aḥmad（阿布·艾哈迈德），从呼罗珊来到我父亲这里住下。一天日落拜后，我父亲吩咐我牵着 Abū Aḥmad 的手，把他领进我祖父那里。我走进祖父的屋子，发现他正在做副拜，于是便坐了下来。他拜完后，问我 Abū Aḥmad 是否已经到了。38.”10

“Once my grandfather’s maternal cousin, who had the kunyah Abū Aḥmad, came from Khurasan and stayed with my father. One day after sunset prayers, my father told me to take Abū Aḥmad by the hand and show him in to my grandfather. I went into my grandfather’s house and found him doing more prayers so I sat down. When he finished, he asked me if Abū Aḥmad had arrived. 38.10

“‘好的。’“‘叫他进来。’”“我出去，找到了阿布·艾哈迈德，把他带了进来。他坐下了。我的祖父叫来一位年迈的妇人——她是他的佃户199，以前曾为他工作——她端出一些面包、新鲜香草、醋和盐，装在一个柳条托盘里。”

“‘Yes.’ “‘Tell him to come in.’ “I went out, found Abū Aḥmad, and brought him back in. He sat down. My grandfather called out to an elderly woman—a tenant of his199—who used to work for him, and she brought out some bread, fresh herbs, vinegar, and salt on a wicker tray.

后来她端出一只大盘子，放在我们面前。那是一道干乳清炖菜，里面有很多肉和甜菜叶。我们开始吃，他也加入了我们。吃饭时，他问阿布·艾哈迈德关于仍留在呼罗珊的家人的情况。阿布·艾哈迈德有几次听不懂阿拉伯语，于是我的祖父便改用波斯语与他交谈。与此同时，他一直挑选肉块，分给阿布·艾哈迈德，也分给我。饭后，他亲自端起盘子放到一旁，又拿来一个盛有上等巴尔尼枣和去壳核桃的碟子，放在托盘上摆到我们面前。他吃了起来，我们也跟着吃，他还亲自给阿布·艾哈迈德盛食。然后我们各自洗手，每人自己照料自己。 [阿塔尔：]我带着小儿子，并让一名女奴陪同，去向艾哈迈德问好。他欢迎这个孩子，把他抱在膝上，并向他提问。他还派人去买了布丁，端进来放在孩子面前，哄他吃，也请那位女奴一起吃。随后他走到一个卖水果、坚果和甜食的小贩那里，回来时衣袍里包着一些杏仁和糖。他把所有东西拿出来，包进一块手帕里，交给了仆人。然后他对孩子说：“替我向阿布·穆罕默德问好。”38.11

Later she brought out one of those big platters and put it in front of us. It was a driedwhey stew200 with lots of meat and chard. We started eating and he joined us. As we ate, he asked Abū Aḥmad about the members of the family who were still in Khurasan. Several times, Abū Aḥmad had trouble understanding things in Arabic and so my grandfather would speak to him in Persian. All the while, he would choose pieces of meat and serve them to Abū Aḥmad and me too. Afterward he picked up the platter himself and put it aside, then brought over a serving dish containing premium Barnī dates and shelled walnuts and put it in front of us on the tray. He ate and we did too, with him serving Abū Aḥmad. Then we washed our hands, with each of us taking care of himself.” [Al-ʿAṭṭār:] I sent my young son, along with a slave woman, to give my regards to Aḥmad. He welcomed the boy, held him in his lap, and asked him questions. He also sent out for a pudding,201 which he brought in, put in front of the boy, and coaxed him to eat, inviting the woman to eat as well. Then he went out to a vendor of fruits, nuts, and sweets, and came back with some almonds and sugar wrapped up in his gown. He took everything out, wrapped it up in a handkerchief, and gave it to the servant. Then he said to the boy, “Tell Abū Muḥammad I said hello.” 38.11

[Al-Marrūdhī:] 我曾见艾哈迈德把两枚银币投进一个割礼师的盆里。3812

[Al-Marrūdhī:] I once saw Aḥmad toss two dirhams into a circumciser’s basin. 38.12

[Al-Maymūnī:] 我常常向艾哈迈德提问，他总是回答：“请讲！” 38.13

[Al-Maymūnī:] I would often ask Aḥmad about something and he would say, “At your service!” 38.13

【阿布·马鲁兹】艾哈迈德从不辱骂他人。若有人辱骂他，他便忍耐承受。他不发怒，而是说："愿真主足矣！"202 38. Note: I kept "Al-Marrūdhī" and "Aḥmad" as written in the original, though the first is a bracketed attribution. Correction to my output, which should follow the rules exactly: 【Al-Marrūdhī】 would be translated as the name in Chinese transliteration. Final translation: 【马鲁兹迪】艾哈迈德从不辱骂他人。若有人辱骂他，他便忍耐承受。他不发怒，而是说："愿真主足矣！"202 38.14

[Al-Marrūdhī:] Aḥmad was never abusive. If anyone was abusive to him, he would bear it patiently. Instead of getting angry, he would say, “May God suffice!”202 38.14

他从不记仇，也从不轻率出言。他的叔叔曾与邻居发生争执。每当邻居们来拜访艾哈迈德时，他仍像往常一样彬彬有礼地接待他们，既不偏袒，也不替叔叔辩护。

He didn’t bear grudges or speak rashly. His uncle once quarreled with the neighbors. When they would come to see Aḥmad, he would receive them as courteously as he always had, without taking sides or arguing his uncle’s part.

他非常谦逊，也very爱怜穷人。我从未见过穷人在他身边时受到如此善待。他会对他们格外体恤，而对富有的人则不加理会。他身上有一种安静的威仪。每当傍晚时分，他坐在惯常的位置上给人解答教法问题时，若无人发问，他便不开口。若他外出到清真寺，他不会坐到聚会的中央，而是随处有空位便坐下。他落座时从不伸直双腿，唯恐因此对在座之人显得不敬。 Wait, I should not include the English word "very". Corrected translation: 他非常谦逊，也十分爱怜穷人。我从未见过穷人在他身边时受到如此善待。他会对他们格外体恤，而对富有的人则不加理会。他身上有一种安静的威仪。每当傍晚时分，他坐在惯常的位置上给人解答教法问题时，若无人发问，他便不开口。若他外出到清真寺，他不会坐到聚会的中央，而是随处有空位便坐下。他落座时从不伸直双腿，唯恐因此对在座之人显得不敬。

He was very humble and loved the poor. I never saw poor men treated as well as they were when sitting in his company. He would treat them with special consideration while disregarding the affluent. He was graced with a quiet dignity. Whenever, in the late afternoon, he would sit in his usual place and give legal opinions, he would not speak until someone asked him a question. If he went out to his mosque, he didn’t go sit in the center of the gathering; instead, he sat wherever there was room. When he sat, he would never extend his leg, for fear of seeming disrespectful of others.

他温和、开朗、体贴，从不粗俗或粗暴。他所喜爱的，是为了真主的缘故而喜爱；他所厌恶的，也同样如此。当他喜欢某人时，他对其福祉的关切与对自己的一样多，不分彼此，将自己的喜好与厌恶和朋友的喜好与厌恶等同看待。即便如此，友情也从未妨碍他在所关心的人行为不端或伤害他人时进行劝阻。每当他听说某人正直、克己、主持公道或为伊斯兰事业effort出力，他便会打听此人的情况，谈及想要与其相见，并对其处境表示关切。

He was kind, cheerful, and accommodating, and never vulgar or coarse. What he loved, he loved for the sake of God, and likewise for the things he hated. When he liked someone, he would show as much regard for his well-being as he would for his own, making no distinction between his own wishes and aversions and those of his friend. Even so, friendship never prevented him from intervening when someone he cared for behaved badly or wronged anyone else. Whenever he learned that someone was righteous, or self-denying, or had stood up for justice, or furthered the cause, he would inquire about him, talk about wanting to meet him, and express curiosity about his circumstances.

他是一个情感细腻的人：凡是他不喜欢的事情，他都会表现出来。他会愤慨，但只为真主而愤慨；他从不为自己而发怒，也从不为自身利益采取任何行动。凡涉及宗教的事情，他便会怒不可遏，以至于仿佛换了一个人一般：

He was a sensitive man: if he didn’t like something, he showed it. He would become indignant, though only on behalf of God; he would never get angry on his own behalf or do anything to promote his own interests. Wherever a matter of religion was at stake, he would become so incensed that he seemed a different person altogether:

他对于别人的指责或责备毫不在意。尽管如此，他却很容易相处，因为他遇到困难时总是默默忍受，从不抱怨。他的一位邻居——与他共用一堵墙的人——把这件事讲给我听。

one heedless of blame or reproach. All the same he was easy to live with because he would suffer without complaint. One of his neighbors—a man who shared a wall with him—told me this story.

我们家有一个鸽舍，里面养着鸽子，俯视着艾哈迈德的房子。小时候，我常常爬上去往下看他。他一直忍让，从未叫我停下。后来有一天，我的叔叔上去看到，鸽舍正对着艾哈迈德的房子。

“We had a dovecote, with pigeons in it, overlooking Aḥmad’s house. As a boy, I would climb up there and look down at him. He put up with it and never told me to stop. Then one day my uncle went up there and saw that the dovecote overlooked Aḥmad’s house.

“‘丢人！’他对我说，‘你难道看不出你在打扰艾哈迈德吗？’”“‘可是他从来没对我说过什么！’”“‘你最好把那些鸟给我，不然就有你好看！’”“他一直缠着我，直到我把鸟交给了他。然后他把鸟宰了，并拆掉了鸽棚。”［哈伦·本·苏夫扬：］当艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒决定把穆塔瓦基勒赏给他的钱施舍出去时，我去见他，他给了我两百迪拉姆。38.15

“‘Shame on you!’ he said to me. ‘Can’t you see that you’re disturbing Aḥmad?’ “‘But he never said anything to me!’ “‘You’d better give me those birds, or else!’ “He kept after me until I gave him the birds. Then he slaughtered them and tore down the dovecote.” [Hārūn ibn Sufyān:] When Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal decided to give away the money that al-Mutawakkil had given him, I went to see him and he gave me two hundred dirhams. 38.15

“我还需要更多。”我对他说。

“I need more,” I told him.

“这就是全部了，”他说，“不过我告诉你，我这样做：我给你三百，你可以把它施舍出去。”我拿了钱之后说：“艾哈迈德，我一个迪拉姆也不会施舍给任何人。”他只是笑了笑。

“That’s all there is,” he said, “but I tell you what I’ll do. I’ll give you three hundred and you can give it away.” After I took the money I said, “Aḥmad, I’m not giving a single dirham away to anyone.” All he did was smile.

[Al-Anmāṭī:] 有一次我去艾哈迈德家，他提到一段圣训，我想把它记下来。他面前放着墨水瓶，我便问能否借用。3816

[Al-Anmāṭī:] Once I was at Aḥmad’s and he mentioned a Hadith I wanted to write down. He had his inkwell in front of him, and I asked if I could use it. 38.16

“当然，”他粗声粗气地说，“不必拘礼！”203

“Of course,” he said gruffly. “No need to stand on ceremony!”203

[ʿAbd Allāh:] 有人问我父亲，他为什么不多与人交往。3817

[ʿAbd Allāh:] Someone asked my father why he didn’t spend more time with people. 38.17

“因为我讨厌说再见，”他说。

“Because I hate saying good-bye,” he said.

[易卜拉欣·哈尔比：]艾哈迈德若受到邀请，便会参加婚礼、喜宴和割礼仪式，并吃席间所供应的食物。3818

[Ibrāhīm al-Ḥarbī:] Aḥmad would attend marriages, weddings, and circumcisions if invited, and eat what he was served there. 38.18

我曾听他对艾哈迈德·伊本·哈夫斯·沃基ʿī说："我非常喜欢你，艾布·阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼。"随后他背诵道："我们听雅哈亚转述，引自陶尔，引自哈比布·伊本·欧拜德，引自米格达姆，先知ﷺ说：'当你们中有人对另一人心怀喜爱时，应当告诉他。'"[哈伦：]有一夜，艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒敲响了我的门。38.19

I once heard him say to Aḥmad ibn Ḥafṣ al-Wakīʿī, “I’m very fond of you, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān.” Then he recited, “We heard Yaḥyā report, cit ing Thawr, citing Ḥabīb ibn ʿUbayd, citing al-Miqdām, that the Prophet—God bless and keep him— said, ‘When one of you feels affection for another, he should tell him.’” [Hārūn:] One night Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal came knocking on my door. 38.19

"是谁？"我问道。

“Who is it?” I asked.

“是艾哈迈德，”他说。

“It’s Aḥmad,” he said.

我急忙走到门口。他向我道晚安，我也回了他同样的问候。随后我问他是否有什么不对劲。

I rushed to the door. He wished me a good evening and I did likewise. Then I asked him if something was wrong.

“是的，”他说，“我一直很担心你。” “为什么？” “今天我从你身边经过时，你坐在树荫下诵读圣训，而那些拿着笔和笔记本的人却坐在太阳底下。不要再那样做了！讲授的时候，要和听你讲的人坐在一起。” [阿尔-马蒂斯：] 我曾经在艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒家里，当时他们正在诵读圣训。

“Yes,” he said. “I’ve been worried about you.” “Why?” “Today, when I walked by you, you were reciting Hadith sitting in the shade while the people holding the pens and notebooks were sitting in the sun. Don’t do that again! When you teach, make sure to sit with the people who are listening to you.” [Al-Maṣṣīṣī:] I was once at Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal’s when they were reciting Hadith.

穆罕默德·本·叶哈雅·纳沙布尔（Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā l-Naysābūrī）引述了一则弱传，艾哈迈德说："不要引用这样的圣训。"38.20

Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā l-Naysābūrī recited a weak report, and Aḥmad said, “Don’t cite reports like that.” 38.20

穆罕默德·本·叶海亚面露窘色,但艾哈迈德接着说:“我那样说,只是出于对你的尊敬。”[艾哈迈德·本·哈凯姆:] 艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒曾来到库法学习圣训。他经常前去听瓦基尔·本·贾拉赫的讲授,从他那里听到了大量的圣训。38.21

Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā looked abashed, but then Aḥmad said, “I said that only out of respect for you.” [Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥakam:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal came to Kufa to study Hadith. He came regularly to hear Wakīʿ ibn al-Jarrāḥ and heard a great many reports from him. 38.21

[伊沙克·本·哈尼ʾ：] 有一次我们与马鲁迪一同在艾哈迈德家中，还有穆罕纳ʾ·本·叶哈雅·沙米。门被敲响，有人喊道：“马鲁迪在这里吗？” 38.22

[Isḥāq ibn Hāniʾ:] We were once at Aḥmad’s house with al-Marrūdhī and Muhannaʾ ibn Yaḥyā l-Shāmī. There was a knock on the door and someone called out, “Is al-Marrūdhī here?” 38.22

由于al-Marrūdhī不想让任何人知道他在哪里,Muhannaʾ ibn Yaḥyā把手指放在自己的手掌上,并回话说:“al-Marrūdhī不在这里。

Since al-Marrūdhī didn’t want anyone to know where he was, Muhannaʾ ibn Yaḥyā put his finger on the palm of his hand204 and called back, “Al-Marrūdhī’s not here.

“他在这里到底会做什么呢？”艾哈迈德笑了起来，似乎并不反对。

What would he be doing here anyway?” Aḥmad laughed and did not seem to disapprove.