[穆罕纳∙伊本∙叶海亚:] 我看见叶尔古卜∙伊本∙易卜拉欣∙伊本∙萨德∙al-祖赫里在艾哈迈德出狱后亲吻他的额头和脸。我还看见苏莱曼∙伊本∙达乌德∙al-哈希米亲吻他的头和额头。70。1

[Muhannaʾ ibn Yaḥyā:] I saw Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Saʿd al-Zuhrī kissing Aḥmad on the forehead and the face after he was released from jail. I also saw Sulaymān ibn Dāwūd al-Hāshimī kissing his head and forehead. 70.1

[Al-Jarawī:] 我对al-Ḥārith ibn Miskīn说:“那个人”——指的是Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal——“正在被鞭打。来吧，我们去看他。” 70.2

[Al-Jarawī:] I said to al-Ḥārith ibn Miskīn: “That man”—meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—“is being flogged. Come on: let’s go to him.” 70.2

我们赶到时，他正好在被鞭打。事后他对我们说："他们打我之后，我倒在地上，听到那个人"——指伊本·阿比·杜阿德——"说：'信士的长官啊，他已经误入歧途，还要使别人也走入歧途。'"哈里斯说："优素福·本·欧麦尔·本·叶兹德告诉我，他引述马立克·本·艾奈斯的话说：祖赫利曾遭人恶意告发，随后被鞭打。有人告诉马立克，祖赫利曾被公开审讯，书本挂在他的脖子上，马立克说：'赛义德·本·穆萨figure伊卜被鞭打过，头发和胡须都被剃掉了。艾布·祖尼德和穆罕默德·本·孟凯迪尔也曾被鞭打。'"

We arrived just as he was being flogged. Later he told us, “After they beat me I fell down and I heard that one”—meaning Ibn Abī Duʾād—“saying, ‘Commander of the Faithful, he’s gone astray, and will lead others astray.’” Al-Ḥārith remarked: “Yūsuf ibn ʿUmar ibn Yazīd told me, citing Mālik ibn Anas, that al-Zuhrī was maliciously denounced to the authorities and then flogged. When he was told that al-Zuhrī had been subjected to a public inquisition with his books hanging around his neck, Mālik said, ‘Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab was flogged, and had his hair and beard shaved off. Abū l-Zinād and Muḥammad ibn al-Munkadir were also flogged.

“عمر بن عبد العزيز”曾说：“不要羡慕那些没有为伊斯兰受过苦的人。”而马立克甚至没有提到他自己。艾哈迈德对哈里斯所讲的这些话印象深刻。

ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz once said, “Do not envy anyone who hasn’t suffered for Islam.”’ And Mālik didn’t even mention himself.” Aḥmad was impressed with what al-Ḥārith told him.

[作者:] 人们自古以来就为了真主而经历磨难。

[The author:] People have always suffered through ordeals for the sake of God.

许多先知被杀；古代民族中，也有许多善良的人被杀、被焚烧，其中有人被锯成两半，却没有放弃他们的信仰。若不是我厌恶冗长、偏爱简明，我本可以列举我所知道的那些传闻及其传述链条。703

Many prophets were killed; and among the ancient nations, many good people were killed or immolated, with some of them being sawed in half without renouncing their faith. If not for my aversion to prolixity and my preference for brevity, I would list the reports I have in mind, along with their chains of transmission. 70.3

先知ﷺ曾被下毒,艾布·伯克尔也是如此。欧麦尔、奥斯曼和阿里被暗杀。哈桑被下毒,侯赛因、伊本·祖拜尔、达哈克·伊本·盖斯和努尔曼·伊本·巴希尔被暗杀。胡拜卜·伊本·阿迪被钉十字架处死。哈贾吉执行了对阿卜杜勒-拉赫曼·伊本·艾比·莱莱、阿卜杜拉·伊本·噶利布·胡丹尼、赛义德·伊本·朱拜尔、艾布·布赫塔里·塔伊、库迈勒·伊本·齐雅德和胡泰特·宰雅特的处决。他还将马汉·哈奈菲钉上十字架,在他之前,伊本·祖拜尔也被钉上了十字架。

The Prophet, God bless and keep him, was poisoned, as was Abū Bakr. ʿUmar, ʿUthmān, and ʿAlī were assassinated. Al-Ḥasan was poisoned, and al-Ḥusayn, Ibn al- Zubayr, al-Ḍaḥḥāk ibn Qays, and al-Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr were assassinated. Khubayb ibn ʿAdī was crucified. Al-Ḥajjāj executed ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Laylā, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ghālib al-Ḥuddānī, Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, Abū l-Bakhtarī l-Ṭāʾī, Kumayl ibn Ziyād, and Ḥuṭayṭ al-Zayyāt. He also crucified Māhān al-Ḥanafī, and before him Ibn al-Zubayr.

而且瓦西格处死并钉死了艾哈迈德·伊本·纳斯尔·胡宰伊。70。4

And al-Wāthiq killed and crucified Aḥmad ibn Naṣr al-Khuzāʿī. 70.4

在那些遭受鞭刑的伟大学者中，有阿卜杜·拉赫曼·伊本·阿比·莱拉，他被抽了四百鞭，随后被伊本·哈贾只处死。70.5

Among the great scholars who were flogged is ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Laylā, who was struck four hundred lashes and then executed by Ibn al-Ḥajjāj. 70.5

另一位是赛义德·本·穆萨尤卜（Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab），他因拒绝在麦地那向walīd宣誓效忠，被阿卜杜勒·马立克·本·marwān施以一百鞭。按照阿卜杜勒·马立克的命令，他被鞭打，在寒冷的日子里被浇上冷水，并被披上一件羊毛斗篷。407

Another is Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab, who was struck one hundred lashes by ʿAbd al- Malik ibn Marwān for refusing to swear allegiance to al-Walīd in Medina. At ʿAbd al- Malik’s orders, he was flogged, drenched with water on a cold day, and dressed in a woolen cloak.407

另一位是呼拜卜·伊本·阿布杜拉·伊本·祖拜尔，他被瓦利德下令，由欧麦尔·伊本·阿布杜勒·阿齐兹抽打一百鞭，只因他诵述了一段圣训，其中先知ﷺ说：“当阿布·阿绥的后裔达到三十人时，他们会把真主的仆人据为己有，并轮流掠夺祂的财库。”每当有人对欧麦尔说“恭喜！”，他便回答：“呼拜卜挡在我面前，我怎么能高兴得起来？”408

Another is Khubayb ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr, who was struck a hundred lashes by ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz at the command of al-Walīd, all for reciting a Hadith where the Prophet—God bless and keep him—says, “When the descendants of Abū l-ʿĀṣ reach thirty in number, they will make God’s servants their own, and take turns plundering His treasury.” Whenever ʿUmar was told, “Rejoice!” he would reply, “How can I rejoice with Khubayb blocking my way?”408

其他人还包括:Abū l-Zinād,被倭马亚王朝鞭笞;Abū ʿAmr ibn al-ʿAlāʾ,被倭马亚王朝抽打五百鞭;Rabiʿat al-Raʾy,被倭马亚王朝鞭笞;ʿAṭiyyah al-ʿAwfī,被al-Ḥajjāj抽打四百鞭;Yazīd al-Ḍabbī,被al-Ḥajjāj抽打四百鞭;Thābit al-Bunānī,被Ibn al-Jārūd鞭笞,Ibn al-Jārūd是Ibn Ziyād的代理人;ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAwn,被Bilāl ibn Abī Burdah抽打七十鞭;Mālik ibn Anas,因主张被迫发誓的人不受誓言约束,被al-Manṣūr抽打七十鞭;以及Abū l-Sawwār al-ʿAdawī和ʿUqbah ibn ʿAbd al-Ghāfir,两人都被鞭笞。70。6

Others include Abū l-Zinād, who was flogged by the Umayyads; Abū ʿAmr ibn al- ʿAlāʾ, struck five hundred lashes by the Umayyads; Rabiʿat al-Raʾy, flogged by the Umayyads; ʿAṭiyyah al-ʿAwfī, struck four hundred lashes by al-Ḥajjāj; Yazīd al- Ḍabbī, struck four hundred lashes by al-Ḥajjāj; Thābit al-Bunānī, flogged by Ibn al- Jārūd, the deputy of Ibn Ziyād; ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAwn, struck seventy lashes by Bilāl ibn Abī Burdah; Mālik ibn Anas, struck seventy lashes by al-Manṣūr for saying that a person who swears an oath under compulsion is not bound by it; and Abū l-Sawwār al- ʿAdawī and ʿUqbah ibn ʿAbd al-Ghāfir, who were both flogged. 70.6

艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒因此拥有一份令人敬畏的典范名单。409

Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal thus had a formidable list of exemplars.409

[Ṣāliḥ:] 我听父亲说："我宽恕那位已故之人对我的鞭打责任。"随后他又说："我刚读到经文'凡宽恕并改善者，他的报酬在真主那里'，并研究了它的含义。我引述哈希姆·伊本·卡西姆的话，他引述穆巴拉克·伊本·法达拉的话，后者引述某人听哈桑说：'在复活日，所有民族都将匍匐在全能、尊贵的真主面前。那时，只有真主欠其报酬的人才会被召唤起身。'"70。7

[Ṣāliḥ:] I heard my father say, “I exempt that dead man410 from liability for flogging me.” Then he said, “I just came across the verse «Whoever pardons and amends will find his reward with God»411 and looked into what it means. I cite Hāshim ibn Qāsim, who cites al-Mubārak ibn Faḍālah, who cites someone who heard al-Ḥasan say, ‘On the Day of Resurrection, all the nations will come crawling before God, mighty and glorious. Then only those to whom God owes a reward will be called upon to rise.’ 70.7

他说:"只有宽恕他人的人才会复活。""所以我决定免除已故者因鞭打我而应承担的责任。"随后他又说:"我宁愿不让真主因我的缘故惩罚任何人。"[艾哈迈德·伊本·西南:]我听说,艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒在穆尔泰绥姆击败巴巴克的那天,或在他攻占阿莫里姆的那天,原谅了穆尔泰绥姆。他说:"我免除他因鞭打我而应承担的任何责任。"70。8

“He said: ‘The only ones to rise will be those who forgave others.’ “So I decided to exempt the deceased from liability for flogging me.” Then he added, “I’d rather not have God torment anyone for my sake.” [Aḥmad ibn Sinān:] I heard that Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal forgave al-Muʿtaṣim the day he defeated Bābak, or the day he captured Amorium. He said, “I exempt him from any liability for flogging me.” 70.8

[艾哈迈德:] 瓦西格(Al-Wāthiq)派人给我传话,请我原谅穆阿台绥姆(al-Muʿtaṣim)鞭打我的事。我回复说:“我离开王宫的那一刻就已经原谅他了,因为先知ﷺ说过:‘复活日那天,唯有宽恕他人的人才会复起。’”70。9

[Aḥmad:] Al-Wāthiq sent me a message asking me to forgive al-Muʿtaṣim for flogging me. I responded, “I forgave him the moment I left the palace because of what the Prophet said: ‘None will rise on Resurrection Day except those who forgive.’” 70.9

[艾哈迈德:] 伊斯哈格·本·易卜拉欣问我是否愿意免除阿布·伊斯哈格[穆尔塔辛]的责任。我告诉他我已经免除了。我当时想到了这段圣训:“在复活日,会有人呼喊:‘唯有宽恕过他人的人才可以起身!’”我也想起了阿米尔·沙阿卜所说的:“宽恕一次,得两次的赏赐。” 70.10

[Aḥmad:] Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm asked if I would exempt Abū Isḥāq [al-Muʿtaṣim] from liability. I told him that I already had. I had been thinking about the Hadith that says: “On the Day of Resurrection a cry will sound: ‘Let none rise but those who have forgiven!’” I also remembered what al-Shaʿbī said, “Forgive once and be rewarded twice.” 70.10

[Al-Khiraqī:] 我曾在艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒家里过夜。每当他躺下时，他都会哭泣，一直哭到天亮。我问他为什么哭得这么厉害。他说："我在想，穆尔泰辛曾下令鞭打我。"

[Al-Khiraqī:] I once spent the night at Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal’s. Every time he lay down, he would weep, straight through until morning. I asked him why he had been weeping so much. He said, “I was thinking about how al-Muʿtaṣim had me flogged.

然后在课堂上，我们读到了这节经文：«以恶报恶，要与所受的恶相等。但谁宽恕并改善，谁的回报就在真主那里。»412 于是我俯身叩拜，决定原谅他。”70.11

Then during the lesson we came across the verse «Let harm be requited by an equal harm. But whoever pardons and amends will find his reward with God.»412 So I prostrated myself and decided to forgive him.” 70.11

[Ṣāliḥ:] 一个曾为受鞭刑者治疗的人来照料我的父亲。413 他对我们说：“我见过被抽打过一千鞭的人，但从未见过像这样严重的情况。”

[Ṣāliḥ:] A man who treated flogging victims came to look after my father.413 “I’ve seen people who’d been struck a thousand lashes,” he told us, “but nothing as bad as this.

“他们从前面和后面击打他。”70.15

They struck him from the front as well as behind.” 70.15

然后他拿起一件器械，探了探其中一些伤口。“它们没有刺穿任何地方。”他说。

Then he took an instrument and probed some of the wounds. “They didn’t puncture anything,” he said.

他开始经常前来为我的父亲治疗。一些殴打击中了他的脸部，他还曾被面朝下躺在地上好一段时间。有一次，那人说："我要取出一样东西。"他拿出一块金属，用它把皮肉翻开，同时用刀割去了一些。我的父亲忍受了这一切，始终赞颂真主，最终康复了。他在某些部位仍然感到疼痛，直到去世那天，背上的伤疤依然清晰可见。

He began to come regularly to treat my father. Some of the blows had struck him in the face, and he had been left lying face down for some time. At one point the man said, “There’s something I want to remove.” He took out a piece of metal and used it to fold back the flesh while cutting some of it away with a knife. My father bore it all, praising God the whole time, and eventually recovered. He continued to feel pain in certain places, and the scars were visible on his back until the day he died.

我听他说："以真主发誓，我已经尽了全力。我当时很害怕，我所希望的只是能够平安脱身，不求胜利，也不求失败。" [艾布·哈提姆：] 在艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒遭受鞭笞之后大约三年左右，我去拜见了他。7016

I heard him say, “By God, I have given all I could. I was afraid, and all I wished for was to come out of it even, not winning or losing.” [Abū Ḥātim:] I went to see Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal three or so years after he was flogged. 70.16

“你还觉得疼吗？”我问他。

“Do you still feel any pain?” I asked him.

他把右手放在左肘上,说:“这里。”仿佛在说,那里曾经脱臼,至今仍然疼痛。

He put his right hand on his left elbow and said, “Here,” as if to say that it had been dislocated and still hurt.

[伊ბ·蒙达尔的祖父：] 考验结束之后，我看见艾哈迈德坐在一个香炉前。他把缠在手上的一块布放在火上烤热，然后按在被打的那一侧。“艾布·贾法尔，”他转过身对我说，“那天没有人对我表现出比穆尔泰绥木更多的怜悯。”70.17

[Ibn Munādī’s grandfather:] After the ordeal was over, I saw Aḥmad sitting with a censer in front of him. He would take a rag he had wrapped around his hand and warm it over the fire then hold it to his side, where they had hit him. “Abū Jaʿfar,” he said, turning to me, “no one showed more compassion for me that day than al- Muʿtaṣim.” 70.17