正如你无疑知道的，一个人的品性在青少年时期就已显现；一生的开端，大致可以看出它可能的结局。就艾哈迈德而言，虔诚与好学从一开始就在他身上显现出来。因此，他的老师们赞扬他，并给予他优先的地位。10.1

As you doubtless know, a person’s character is manifest even in youth; the way a life begins gives a good idea of how it is likely to end. In Aḥmad’s case, piety and love of learning were evident in him from the beginning. As a result, his teachers praised him and granted him precedence. 10.1

[Al-Nasāʾī:] 当艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒（Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal）走近一位圣训传述者时，他会征求在场的学者们的同意才去采集圣训，因为他们会因他而听到这些传述。10.2

[Al-Nasāʾī:] When Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal would approach a Hadith transmitter, he would ask the men of learning who were present for their permission to gather Hadith, since they would be hearing the reports because of him. 10.2

在赞扬他的老师中有以下几位。

Among the teachers who praised him are the following.

[伊本·赞朱瓦赫:] 我记得看见艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒前来拜访正在礼拜的叶齐德·伊本·哈伦。叶齐德礼拜完毕后，转向艾哈迈德问道：“你对借用之物的看法是什么？”10.3

[Ibn Zanjuwayh:] I remember seeing Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal come to visit Yazīd ibn Hārūn, who was performing the ritual prayer. After finishing his prayer, Yazīd turned to Aḥmad and asked, “What’s your position on things lent for use?” 10.3

“借用者应当承担赔偿责任。”耶济德说：“我们引述哈贾吉，哈贾吉引述哈凯姆：‘不承担赔偿责任。’”艾哈迈德随即背诵道：“先知ﷺ曾向绍夫万·本·乌麦叶借了几件铠甲。绍夫万问：‘您要对这些铠甲负责吗？’先知ﷺ说：‘借用者对所借之物应当负责。’”63

“The borrower is liable for them.” “We cite Ḥajjāj,” said Yazīd, “citing al-Ḥakam: ‘Not liable.’” Aḥmad replied by reciting: “The Prophet, God bless and keep him, borrowed some suits of armor from Ṣafwān ibn Umayyah. Ṣafwan asked, ‘Are you liable for them?’ and the Prophet, God bless and keep him, said, ‘The borrower is liable for what he borrows.’”63

于是，叶齐德（Yazīd）采纳了艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒（Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal）的观点。

Having nothing to say in reply, Yazīd adopted Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal’s view.

[Ibn Sālim:] 我们当时坐在叶齐德·本·哈伦的圣训讲座中，叶齐德对他的书记员开了一句玩笑。艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒那边传来一声清嗓子的声音，叶齐德拍着自己的额头喊道：“你们怎么不早告诉我艾哈迈德在这儿，好让我不开玩笑呢？”10.4

[Ibn Sālim:] We were sitting in Yazīd ibn Hārūn’s Hadith-circle and Yazīd made a teasing remark to his amanuensis. From Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal came a clearing of the throat, and Yazīd, striking himself on the forehead, cried, “Why didn’t you tell me Aḥmad was here so I wouldn’t joke?” 10.4

[伊本·西纳恩:] 我从未见过叶兹德·伊本·哈鲁尼对任何人像对伊本·罕百勒那样敬重，也从未见过他对任何人那样尊崇。我们聚在一起讲述圣训时，他总是让艾哈迈德坐在他身边。他在艾哈迈德面前保持着庄重的仪态，从不与他开玩笑。有一次艾哈迈德生病，叶兹德甚至骑马前往他家探望。10.5

[Ibn Sinān:] I never saw Yazīd ibn Hārūn regard anyone with as much reverence or show anyone as much honor as he did Ibn Ḥanbal. He used to seat Aḥmad beside him when we gathered for Hadith. He maintained a dignified bearing in his presence and wouldn’t tease him. Once when Aḥmad fell ill Yazīd even rode to his house to visit him. 10.5

[Al-Marrūdhī:] 我问艾哈迈德，叶海亚·伊本·哈伦为何在他生病时来探望他。他回答说：10。6

[Al-Marrūdhī:] I asked Aḥmad how it happened that Yazīd ibn Hārūn visited him when he was ill. He replied: 10.6

[艾哈迈德：]那是在瓦西特。我常坐在他身旁听他讲授圣训，他认得我是谁。有一天，他诵读道：“叶哈雅·伊本·赛义德说：‘我听萨利姆·伊本·阿卜杜拉说……’”我对他说：“不是‘我听萨利姆说’，而是‘我听说萨利姆说……’。”亚齐德走进屋里，拿出他的笔记，果然原文写的是“萨利姆说”。他问是谁纠正了他，其他人告诉他是我。

[Aḥmad:] It was in Wāsiṭ. I used to sit near him while he taught Hadith, and he knew who I was. One day he recited, “Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd said, ‘I heard Sālim ibn ʿAbd Allāh say …’” “It doesn’t say ‘I heard Sālim say,’” I told him. “It says, ‘I heard that Sālim said …’” Yazīd went inside and brought out his notes, and sure enough the text read “that Sālim said.” He asked who had corrected him and the others told him it was me.

“你写错的地方要改正。”他这样对我们说。此后每当他落座时，便会说：“伊本·罕百勒！过来这边。” 有一次我生病了，叶兹德来探望我。我得的是麦地那龙线虫病。当时我并不住在现在的这所房子里，那时住在这里的是我的叔叔们。我已经搬了出去，我们搬去的那所房子在外面。65

“Correct what you’ve written,” he told us. After that, whenever he would take his seat he would say, “Ibn Ḥanbal! Come over here.” Once when I got sick Yazīd came to visit me. I had guinea worm.64 I wasn’t staying in this house we’re in now—at that time it was my uncles who lived here. I had moved out. The house we moved to was outside.65

[伊本·阿布·奥恩与伊本·希沙姆：] 有一次，礼拜即将开始时，我们听到伊本·欧莱叶说：“艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒在这里吗？叫他上前来！”10.7

[Ibn Abī ʿAwn and Ibn Hishām:] Once when the ritual prayer was starting we heard Ibn ʿUlayyah saying, “Is Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal here anywhere? Tell him to come forward!” 10.7

[ibn al-Mubārak:] 有一次我在伊斯玛仪·本·乌莱耶家里，有人说了一句话，让我们中的一些人笑了起来。伊本·罕百勒也在场。后来我们去见伊斯玛仪，发现他面带怒色。10.8

[Ibn al-Mubārak:] Once when I was at Ismāʿīl ibn ʿUlayyah’s someone made a remark that made some of us laugh. Ibn Ḥanbal was there too. Later we went to Ismāʿīl and found him looking angry. 10.8

“你怎么还笑得出来，”他问道，“艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒还在那里呢？”

“How could you laugh,” he asked, “with Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal there?”

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] 我从未见过比艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒更聪慧、更谨慎的人。109

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] I never saw anyone more astute or more scrupulous66 than Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. 10.9

[穆罕默德·伊本·阿里：]艾布·伯克尔·穆罕默德·伊本·阿班说：“艾哈迈德、伊斯哈格和我一同从阿卜杜勒·拉扎克处学习。若有别人向他提问，他便会说：‘我不是为你们诵读圣训，我只为这三人而诵。’”10.10

[Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī:] Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Abān said, “Aḥmad, Isḥāq, and I studied with ʿAbd al-Razzāq. If anyone else asked him a question, he would say, ‘I’m not reciting Hadith for you. I’m reciting only for the sake of these three.’” 10.10

他所说的“这三位”，指的是艾哈迈德、伊斯哈格和伊本·阿班。

By “these three” he meant Aḥmad, Isḥāq, and Ibn Abān.

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] 我从未教过像艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒那样的人。10.11

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] I have never taught anyone like Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. 10.11

［ʿAbd al-Razzāq:］我从未教过像艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒这样的人。10.12

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] I never taught anyone the like of Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. 10.12

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] 四位伟大的圣训学者从伊拉克来到我们这里。其中一位是al-Shādhakūnī，他对圣训的记忆最为坚韧。一位是Ibn al-Madīnī，他精通各种圣训传述的差异。一位是Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn，他对传述人的情况最为透彻地了解。还有一位是Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal，他最擅长将这三种学问融会贯通。10.13

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] Four of the great scholars of Hadith came to us from Iraq. There was al-Shādhakūnī, who had the most tenacious memory for Hadith. There was Ibn al- Madīnī, who had mastered the differences between reports. There was Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn, who had the most thorough knowledge of the transmitters. And then there was Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, who was the best at putting all three kinds of learning together. 10.13

Abū Yaʿqūb 补充道:“在使者ﷺ之后,没有人像ʿAbd al-Razzāq那样有这么多人远道而来向他求学。”[ʿAbd al-Razzāq 说:]我曾向三个人传授圣训,他们是如此值得,以至于我即便从此不再教任何人,也毫不在意。一位是Ibn al-Shādhakūnī,他的记忆力极为出众;一位是Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn,他对传述者了如指掌;还有一位是Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal,他的弃绝之心是如此深刻。10.14

Abū Yaʿqūb added: “After the Emissary, no one had more people travel to learn from him than did ʿAbd al-Razzāq.” [ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] I’ve taught Hadith to three men so worthy that I don’t care if I never teach anyone else. There was Ibn al-Shādhakūnī, who had such a retentive memory; Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn, who knew the transmitters so well; and Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, who renounced so much. 10.14

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] 如果那个人——指艾哈迈德——能活下来，即使我们其他人都死了，也没有关系。10。15

[ʿAbd al-Razzāq:] If that man—meaning Aḥmad—survives, it won’t matter that the rest of us are gone. 10.15

[Wakīʿ:] 在所有来过库法的人中，那位年轻人——即艾哈迈德·本·哈奈白——是最优秀的。1019

[Wakīʿ:] Of all those who ever came to Kufa, that young man—meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—was the best. 10.19

[Ibn Shammās:] 我请瓦基尔教我们他从哈里贾·本·穆斯ʿab那里学到的圣训。10.20

[Ibn Shammās:] I asked Wakīʿ to teach us the Hadith he had learned from Khārijah ibn Muṣʿab. 10.20

“我不会的，”他说，“艾哈迈德·本·汉百勒叫我不要这样做。” 哈夫斯·本·吉雅ษ·纳赫阿伊 （Ḥafṣ ibn Ghiyāth al-Nakhaʿī） [伊本·吉雅ษ：] 在所有到过库法的人中，那位年轻人——即艾哈迈德·本·汉百勒——是最优秀的。10.21

“I won’t,” he said. “Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal told me not to.” ḤAFṢ IBN GHIYĀTH AL-NAKHAʿĪ [Ibn Ghiyāth:] Of all those who ever came to Kufa, that young man—meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—was the best. 10.21

[Al-Bukhārī:] 我在巴士拉时，传来艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒遭受鞭笞的消息。艾布·沃利德惊叹道：“如果此人生活在以色列子孙的时代，他们会把他奉为传奇人物。” 10.22

[Al-Bukhārī:] I was in Basra when the news came that Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal had been flogged. Abū l-Walīd exclaimed, “If that man had lived in the days of the Children of Israel, they would have made him a legend.” 10.22

[伊本·马赫拉德：] 我当时在艾卜·韦利德·泰雅里西家里，这时收到一封来自艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒的信。我听他说：“在两座城市里——”即巴士拉和库法——“没有一个人比艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒更受我喜爱，也没有一个人比他更值得我敬仰。”10。23

[Ibn Makhlad:] I was at Abū l-Walīd al-Ṭayālisī’s when a letter came from Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. “There’s no one in the two towns”—meaning Basra and Kufa—“dearer to me than Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal,” I heard him say, “or anyone I admire more.” 10.23

[Ḥamdān ibn ʿAlī:] Abū l-ʿAwāmm al-Bazzāz(布料商)告诉我说:“有一次我们在Abū l-Walīd家里,忽然听到有人说:‘Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal来了!’ 10.24

[Ḥamdān ibn ʿAlī:] Abū l-ʿAwāmm al-Bazzāz (the draper) told me, “Once we were at Abū l-Walīd’s when we heard them saying, ‘Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal’s here!’ 10.24

“Abū l-Walīd,原本正坐得舒适,立刻跳了起来,随后一言不发,直到Aḥmad坐下。Aḥmad请他诵述一些圣训,他便诵述了。”我认为[al-Bazzāz]补充道,Abū l-Walīd转身面向Aḥmad。

“Abū l-Walīd, who had been sitting at ease, sprang up and then said nothing at all until Aḥmad had sat down. Aḥmad asked him to recite some Hadith, and he did.” I think [al-Bazzāz] added that Abū l-Walīd turned to face Aḥmad.

“我记得，”al-Bazzāz接着说，“我当时想”——也就是对自己说——“我们都是资深的学者，但Abū l-Walīd唯独对Aḥmad表示尊重！”

“I remember,” continued al-Bazzāz, “saying”—to himself, that is—“that all of us are senior men of learning, but the only one that Abū l-Walīd treats with deference is Aḥmad!”

[伊本·萨马阿:] 我们在麦加伊本·艾布·欧麦尔·阿德尼家中。除他之外，我们都在谈论艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒。谈了一阵之后，他打破沉默，说道："能够公正评价艾哈迈德的人，已经不在我们中间了。

[Ibn Samāʿah:] We were at Ibn Abī ʿUmar al-ʿAdanī’s in Mecca. All of us except for him were talking about Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. After we had gone on for a while he broke his silence and said, “Those who could give Aḥmad his due are no longer with us.

当他前去向侯赛因·朱尔菲学习圣训时，他带了一封信——也就是一封推荐信。“但朱尔菲说：‘艾哈迈德，我们之间不需要中间人。你可以用任何你想用的名义来求我，但你比你所提到的任何人都更优秀。’” 10.25

When he went to study Hadith with Ḥusayn al-Juʿfī, he brought a letter”—that is, a letter of recommendation. “But al-Juʿfī said, ‘Aḥmad, there’s no need to put a patron between us. You can appeal to me using whatever name you want, but you’re a better man than anyone you name.’” 10.25

[伊本·艾比·哈提姆:] 我听艾哈迈德·本·西南·卡塔坦（即棉花商）转述说，他看见艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒走近阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼·本·麦赫迪——或许是艾哈迈德站起身离开聚会的时候——听到伊本·麦赫迪说：“论对苏夫扬·萨奥里圣训的熟悉程度，没有人比那位先生更了解。”10.26

[Ibn Abī Ḥātim:] I heard Aḥmad ibn Sinān al-Qaṭṭān (the cotton merchant) report that he saw Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal approaching ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Mahdī—or perhaps it was when Aḥmad had gotten up and left the circle—and heard Ibn Mahdī say, “No one knows the Hadith transmitted by Sufyān al-Thawrī better than that man there.” 10.26

[伊本·麦赫迪:] 每当我看到伊本·罕百勒，我都情不自禁地想起苏福扬·al-Thawrī。10.27

[Ibn Mahdī:] Every time I look at Ibn Ḥanbal I can’t help thinking of Sufyān al- Thawrī. 10.27

[伊本·沙玛斯：] 我们在阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼·伊本·马赫迪那里，艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒刚刚离开——或者正要离开——阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼说：“谁想知道althawrī（阿勒·赛里）脑中都装着什么，就该去问那个人。” 10.28

[Ibn Shammās:] We were at ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Mahdī’s when Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal had just left—or was approaching—and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān said, “Anyone who wants to know what al-Thawrī carried in his head should ask that man there.” 10.28

[伊本·迈赫迪：]“那个孩子”——指的是艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒——“在他母亲腹中时，就几乎已是一个典范。”1029

[Ibn Mahdī:] “That boy”—meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—“was almost an exemplar while still in his mother’s womb.” 10.29

“我从未有过像艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒那样优秀的学生。”10.30

[Al-Qaṭṭān:] “I never had another student as good as Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal.” 10.30

[Al-Qaṭṭān:] 我最优秀的两位学生是艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒和叶哈雅·伊本·麦因。1031

[Al-Qaṭṭān:] My two best students were Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn. 10.31

[Al-Qaṭṭān:]“我从未有过像艾哈迈德·本·汉百勒和叶哈雅·本·迈因那样优秀的学生。”10.32

[Al-Qaṭṭān:] “I never had another student as good as Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn.” 10.32

[Al-Karābīsī:] 当艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒前往巴士拉时，伊本·沙沙库尼心生不满，并就他对亚哈亚·本·赛义德·古塔ān说了些关于他的话，后者说：“让我看看他。”10.33

[Al-Karābīsī:] When Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal went to Basra, Ibn al-Shādhakūnī came to resent him, and made some remark about him to Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd al-Qaṭṭān, who said, “Let me have a look at him.” 10.33

看见他之后,al-Qaṭṭān对Ibn al-Shādhakūnī说:"可耻啊,Sulaymān!你不怕真主吗?你说的可是我们的一位学者。"[Al-Qaṭṭān:]在从巴格达来的人当中,没有谁比Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal更让我珍视的了。10.34

After he had seen him, al-Qaṭṭān said to Ibn al-Shādhakūnī, “Shame on you, Sulaymān! Have you no fear of God? That’s one of our sages you’re talking about.” [Al-Qaṭṭān:] Of the ones who came from Baghdad, no one was dearer to me than Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. 10.34

[伊本·麦迪尼:] 叶海亚、艾哈迈德和赫拉夫前来跟随伊本·赛义德·古塔ān学习。他问我叶海亚是谁。10.35

[Ibn al-Madīnī:] Yaḥyā, Aḥmad, and Khalaf came to study with Ibn Saʿīd al- Qaṭṭān. He asked me who Yaḥyā was. 10.35

“那是叶哈雅·本·马因。”我告诉他。

“That’s Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn,” I told him.

“那个呢？”“那是赫拉夫。”“那个呢？”“艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒。”他说：“如果他们中有哪一个是（那个人），那就是他。”［艾哈迈德：］我从未见过像叶海亚·本·赛义德那样的人。10.36

“What about that one?” “That’s Khalaf.” “What about that one?” “Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal.” “If any of them is the one,” he said, “it’s him.” [Aḥmad:] I never met anyone else like Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd. 10.36

[ʿAbd Allāh:] 一群圣训学者曾聚集在艾布·阿辛·达哈克·本·马赫拉德的讲席旁。10.37

[ʿAbd Allāh:] A group of Hadith-men once gathered at the circle of Abū ʿĀṣim al- Daḥḥāk ibn Makhlad. 10.37

“你们都自称有宗教理解，”他说，“可你们之中有谁真正具备这种理解吗？”说完，他开始斥责他们。

“All of you claim to have religious understanding,” he said, “but do any of you have it?” With that he began to rebuke them.

“我们中有人这样做。”他们说。

“One of us does,” they said.

“谁？”“他在路上了。”我父亲到达时，他们说：“就是他！”Abū ʿĀṣim看着他说：“到前面来。”“我不喜欢跨过别人。”他说。

“Who?” “He’s on his way.” When my father arrived, they said, “That’s him!” Abū ʿĀṣim looked at him and said, “Come up front.” “I don’t like to step over people,” he said.

“现在这才是一个懂道理的人！”阿布·阿绥姆说，“给他让个地方！”众人让开，他走了进来。阿布·阿绥姆请他坐在自己面前。

“Now there’s a man who understands!” said Abū ʿĀṣim. “Make room for him!” They moved aside and he came in. Abū ʿĀṣim asked him to sit in front of him.

然后他问了他一个问题，他便回答了。他又问了另一个问题，他也回答了，接着又问了第三个，然后又问了许多，他都一一作了回答。

Then he asked him a question, which he answered. He asked him another question, and he answered that one too, and then a third, and then many, and he answered them all.

“这是一种海洋生物，”Abū ʿĀṣim 说道，“不是陆地上的动物！”或者他可能说的是：“这是一种海洋生物，但它能在陆地上行走！”68

“This is a sea creature,” said Abū ʿĀṣim, “not a land animal!” Or he may have said, “This is a sea creature that walks on land!”68

[Abū ʿĀṣim：] 艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒来拜访我。我听到人们说：“本·罕百勒来了！本·罕百勒来了！”10。38

[Abū ʿĀṣim:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal came to see me. I heard people saying “Ibn Ḥanbal’s here! Ibn Ḥanbal’s here!” 10.38

“让我见见这位伊本·汉巴勒，”我说，他们便把他指给我看。

“Show me this Ibn Ḥanbal,” I said, and they pointed him out.

“喂，你！”我说，“我有一件事要跟你算账。你来到我们的城镇，却不来拜见，让我们好好款待你，表达应有的欢迎。”他说：“Abū ʿĀṣim（阿布·阿绥姆），如果你肯教我一些圣训，那就已经足够让我感激了。”我看得出他谦逊、诚恳、举止得体，是一个会全力以赴的人。

“You there!” I said. “I have a bone to pick with you. You came to my town and didn’t present yourself so we could show you the welcome you deserve.” “Abū ʿĀṣim,” he said, “you’ll be doing more than enough if I can trouble you to teach some Hadith.” I could see that he was modest, earnest, and well-mannered, and would go as far as any man.

[Abū l-Yamān:] 我过去以为艾哈迈德·伊本·汉百勒与阿尔塔阿·伊本·敏迪尔相似。69 10.41

[Abū l-Yamān:] I used to think Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal resembled Arṭaʾah ibn al- Mundhir.69 10.41

[Yaḥyā ibn Ādam:] 艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒是我们的榜样。10。42

[Yaḥyā ibn Ādam:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal is our exemplar. 10.42

[一人说：]苏莱曼·本·哈尔卜曾对我说：“去问艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒他对这个问题的看法，因为他是我们的榜样。”10。43

[A man:] Sulaymān ibn Ḥarb once said to me, “Ask Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal what he says about this problem, because he’s our exemplar.” 10.43

[穆哈里米:] 我听到尔萨·伊本·阿凡说:“叶哈亚·伊本·马因和阿布·赫塞玛”——以及他提到的其他人——“都曾来听我父亲讲圣训。后来艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒来了,也听他讲圣训。他离开后,我父亲对我说:‘他抵得上他们所有人’,指的是艾哈迈德的学识之渊博。”10.44

[Al-Mukharrimī:] I heard ʿĪsā ibn ʿAffān say: “Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn and Abū Khaythamah”—and others he mentioned—“all used to come and hear Hadith from my father. Then Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal came and heard Hadith from him. After he left, my father said to me, ‘He was worth the lot of them,’ referring to how much Aḥmad knew.” 10.44

[Abū ʿUthmān:] 我听到海赛姆·本·贾米勒说：“如果那个年轻人”——指的是艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒——“活得够久，他将成为一代人中真主对伊斯兰教的证明。” 10.45

[Abū ʿUthmān:] I heard al-Haytham ibn Jamīl say: “If that young man”—meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—“lives long enough, he’ll be God’s proof of Islam for a whole generation.” 10.45

[伊本·阿布·哈瓦里:] 我听到海赛姆·本·贾米尔说:“每个时代都有一个人作为他那一代人的伊斯兰证据。富大יל·本·伊亚德是他所处时代的证据,我认为,如果那个年轻人”——指艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒——“活得足够长,他将成为他所处时代的证据。”10.46

[Ibn Abī l-Ḥawārī:] I heard al-Haytham ibn Jamīl say, “Every age has a man who serves as a proof of Islam to his generation. Fuḍayl ibn ʿIyāḍ is the proof for his time, and I think that if that young man”—meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal—“lives long enough, he’ll be the proof for his.” 10.46

[Yūsuf ibn Muslim:] Haytham ibn Jamīl 曾在引述 Hushaym 的一段圣训时出错。10.47

[Yūsuf ibn Muslim:] Haytham ibn Jamīl once made an error while reciting a Hadith citing Hushaym. 10.47

有人对那段传述的诵读方式有所不同。他被告知说：“有些人对那段传述的读法不一样。”

“Some people recite that report differently,” he was told.

“像谁？”“艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒。” 海赛姆说：“我希望我的寿命短一些，他的寿命长一些。” [阿萨德·沙沙卜：]我听到海赛姆·本·哈米勒说：“我希望真主使艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒的寿命延长，使我的寿命缩短。”10.48

“Like who?” “Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal.” “I wish my life could be shorter,” said al-Haytham, “and his longer.” [Asad al-Khashshāb:] I heard al-Haytham ibn Jamīl say, “I wish God would make Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal’s life longer and mine shorter.” 10.48

然后他转向在场的一个人，说道："请告诉我：你为什么说我有什么对穆斯林有益的东西要传授？"

Then he turned to a man who was present and said, “Tell me: Why did you say that I had anything useful to impart to Muslims?”

[阿尔-拉马迪:] 我记得有一次我们在阿布·努阿伊姆处与艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒、叶哈雅·本·马因一同学习。那些日子里，每当阿布·努阿伊姆举行圣训讲授，艾哈迈德总是坐在他的右边，叶哈雅坐在他的左边。有一天，叶哈雅拿着一张纸来找我，纸上写着阿布·努阿伊姆的几段传述，而在这些传述之间的空白处，他又抄录了其他人的传述。

[Al-Ramādī:] I remember one occasion when we were at Abū Nuʿaym’s studying with Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn. In those days, when Abū Nuʿaym held Hadith sessions, Aḥmad used to sit on his right and Yaḥyā on his left. One day Yaḥyā came to me with a piece of paper on which he had written some of Abū Nuʿaym’s reports and then, in the spaces between them, copied out reports transmitted by others.

“当轮到我们的时候，”他说，“把纸条交给Abū Nuʿaym，让他念出来。”10.49

“When it’s us there,” he said, “Give Abū Nuʿaym the paper and have him read it.” 10.49

当集会结束、众人陆续离去时,他把那张纸递给了他。70 阿布·努艾姆通读了整张纸,然后盯着我看了一阵,最后又看向艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒和叶哈雅·伊本·马因。

When the session ended and people were leaving, he handed him the paper.70 Abū Nuʿaym read the whole thing, then stared at me for a while, and finally looked at Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn.

“这家伙，”他一边说，一边朝艾哈迈德比了比手势，“他对自己的宗教太认真了，不会干这种事。至于你，”他看着我说，“你也不是那种会干这种事的人。干这事的，”他接着说，“肯定就是这一个，”说着朝叶海亚踢了一脚，把他从台阶上踹了下去。“你想骗谁？”他大喊道。

“This fellow here,” he said, gesturing toward Aḥmad, “takes his religion too seriously to do something like this. As for you,” he said, looking at me, “you don’t do this sort of thing. The one who did it,” he continued, “must be this one,” and gave Yaḥyā a kick that knocked him off the stoop. “Who are you trying to fool?” he cried.

叶海亚站起身来，亲吻了艾布·努阿伊姆。“愿真主以伊斯兰的名义回报你！”他说，“你正是应当传授圣训的人。我只是在考验你。”[伊本·曼苏尔：]当艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒和叶海亚·本·马因前去跟随阿卜杜·拉扎克学习时，我跟随他们做他们的仆人。我们回到库法之后，叶海亚对艾哈迈德说：“我想考验一下艾布·努阿伊姆。”10.50

Yaḥyā picked himself up and kissed Abū Nuʿaym. “May God reward you on behalf of Islam!” he said. “You are just the sort of man who should teach Hadith. I was only testing you.” [Ibn Manṣūr:] When Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn went to study with ʿAbd al-Razzāq, I went along with them as their servant. After we returned to Kufa, Yaḥyā said to Aḥmad, “I want to test Abū Nuʿaym.” 10.50

“不，你不能这样做，”艾哈迈德说，“这个人是可靠的。”“这件事我必须做，”叶哈雅说。他拿出一张纸，写下了他从艾布·努阿伊姆那里听来的三十条圣训。每十条之后，他都夹进一条从别人那里听来的圣训。然后他们去拜见了艾布·努阿伊姆。

“No you don’t,” said Aḥmad. “The man can be trusted.” “This is something I have to do,” said Yaḥyā. Taking a piece of paper, he wrote out thirty reports he had heard from Abū Nuʿaym. After every ten, he slipped in a report he had heard from someone else. Then they went to see Abū Nuʿaym.

[Al-Marwazī:] 我听到古太白·本·赛义德说：“在我们这一代，最好的人是伊本·穆巴拉克和那位年轻人。”10。51

[Al-Marwazī:] I heard Qutaybah ibn Saʿīd say, “In our generation the best men are Ibn al-Mubārak and that young fellow.” 10.51

“哪个年轻人？”艾布·伯克尔·拉齐问道。

“Which young fellow?” asked Abū Bakr al-Rāzī.

“伊本·罕百勒。”“他是伊拉克资深的学者，你却称他为年轻人？”“我遇见他时，他还年轻，”古太白说。

“Ibn Ḥanbal.” “He’s the senior man of learning in Iraq, and you’re calling him a young fellow?” “He was young when I met him,” said Qutaybah.

[Qutaybah:] 艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒和伊斯哈格·伊本·拉胡韦赫是世上仅有的两位楷模。10。52

[Qutaybah:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal and Isḥāq ibn Rāhawayh are the only two exemplars in the world. 10.52

53

53

[Qutaybah:] 如果你发现某人敬重伊本·罕百勒，你就可以确定他坚守逊奈。10.53

[Qutaybah:] If you find that someone admires Ibn Ḥanbal, you can be sure that he upholds the sunnah. 10.53

[Qutaybah:] 如果你发现某人敬重伊本·罕百勒，你就可以确信他坚守逊奈，并站在大众一边。72 10.54

[Qutaybah:] If you find that someone admires Ibn Ḥanbal, you can be sure that he upholds the sunnah and stands with the community.72 10.54

[Qutaybah:] 如果你发现有人敬仰伊本·罕百勒，你可以确信他走在正道上。10.55

[Qutaybah:] If you find that someone admires Ibn Ḥanbal, you can be sure that he’s on the path. 10.55

[Qutaybah:] 如果艾哈迈德生活在赛吾里、马立克、奥扎伊和莱斯·本·赛阿德的时代，他必定会是他们之中的翘楚。10.56

[Qutaybah:] If Aḥmad had lived in the time of al-Thawrī, Mālik, al-Awzāʿī, and al-Layth ibn Saʿd, he would have been the foremost among them. 10.56

[伊本·沙布维赫：] 我听到古太白说：“如果艾哈迈德生活在赛乌里、马立克、奥扎伊和莱斯·本·赛阿德的时代，他会是他们之中的翘楚。”10。57

[Ibn Shabbuwayh:] I heard Qutaybah say, “If Aḥmad had lived in the time of al- Thawrī, Mālik, al-Awzāʿī, and al-Layth ibn Saʿd, he would have been the foremost among them.” 10.57

“你会把艾哈迈德列入再传弟子之列吗？”我问道。

“You’d rank Aḥmad with the Successors?” I asked.

“与他们中最伟大的那位一道”，古太白说。

“With the greatest of them,” said Qutaybah.

艾哈迈德·本·罕百勒也受到许多学者的赞扬，这些学者的地位与他的老师相当，而他并未向他们学习。其中一位是阿布·穆希尔·达马希基。10.62

Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal was also praised by many men of learning, equal in rank to his teachers, with whom he did not study. One was Abū Mushir al-Dimashqī. 10.62

伊本·阿拔斯说：我曾问阿布·穆希尔，他是否认识能够保护我们社群宗教的人。

[Ibn al-ʿAbbās:] I asked Abū Mushir if he knew anyone who could keep our community’s religion safe.

“我想不出还有谁，”他回答道，“除了东方的一位年轻人”，指的是艾哈迈德·伊本·罕百勒。

“I can’t think of anyone,” he replied, “except one young man out east,” meaning Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal.

【作者】如蒙真主应允，本书中还会出现许多类似的记载。

[The author:] A good many more reports like this will appear—God willing—in the course of this book.