A cikin rubuce-rubuce bakwai da aka sani a kan allunan yumbu da rubutun cuneiform na Assyria daga lokuta daban-daban, Assyriyawa sun kira yankin da ke da alaƙa da Falasdinu ta yau da sunan 'Palashtu', 'Palastu' ko 'Pilistu', kuma sun kira mutanen da suka zauna a wannan yanki da Falasdinawa: 'pa-la-as-ta-a-a', tun daga Sarkin Assyria Adad-Nirari III (daga 811 BC zuwa 783 BC) a 'rubutun Nimrud' na 800 BC har zuwa Esarhaddon (wanda ya yi sarauta daga 681 zuwa 669 BC).

In seven known Assyrian clay tablet and Cuneiform inscriptions from different periods the Assyrians called the region connected with modern Palestine ‘Palashtu’, ‘Palastu’ or ‘Pilistu’, and called the people who lived in this region Palestinians: ‘pa-la-as-ta-a-a’, beginning with the King of Assyria Adad-Nirari III (from 811 BC to 783 BC) in the ‘Nimrud inscriptions’ in 800 BC through to Esarhaddon (who reigned 681 to 669 BC)

shekaru fiye da ɗari bayan haka (Room 2006: 285; haka kuma Smith, G. 1875: 115). An gano rubutun Nimrud a shekara ta 1854 ta hannun William Loftus a lokacin tonowarsa a Nimrud, wani babban birnin Assuriyawa na dā wanda asalinsa ake kira Kalhu. Nimrud, wanda yake kilomita 30 kudu da birnin Mosul na Iraƙi, birni ne mai muhimmanci ga Assuriyawa tsakanin kusan shekara ta 1250 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa zuwa shekara ta 610 kafin haihuwarsa. Suna cikin mafi kyawun rubutun Adad-Nirari III da aka yi nazari a kansu, domin sun ƙunshi bayanin yaƙe-yaƙen farko na Assuriyawa a Falasɗinu da Siriya. Rubutun Saba’a Stele, wato rubutun zamanin sarautar Asas-nirari III, Daniel Luckenbill (1881‒1927), masanin Assuriyawa ɗan Amurka kuma farfesa a Jami'ar Chicago, ya fassara shi kamar haka:

more than a century later (Room 2006: 285; also Smith, G. 1875: 115). The Nimrud inscriptions were discovered in 1854 by William Loftus in his excavations at Nimrud, a major ancient Assyrian city originally known as Kalhu. Located 30 kilometres south of the Iraqi city of Mosul, Nimrud was a strategic Assyrian city between approximately 1250 BC and 610 BC. They are among the best studied of the inscriptions of Adad-Nirari III, since they include a description of early Assyrian campaigns in Palestine and Syria. The text of the Saba’a Stele, the inscription of the reign of Asas-nirari III, was translated by Daniel Luckenbill (1881‒1927), an American Assyriologist and Professor at the University of Chicago, as:

A cikin shekara ta biyar (ta mulkina na hukuma) na zauna cikin girma a kan kujerata ta sarauta, na kira kasar (domin yaki). Na umarci rundunar Assuriya mai yawa ta yi tattaki zuwa kan Filistiya [Pa-la-áš-tu].

In the fifth year [of my official rule] I sat down solemnly on my royal throne and called up the country [for war]. I ordered the numerous army of Assyria to march against Philistia [Pa-la-áš-tu].

Na ketare Kogin Furat a lokacin ambaliyarsa. Dangane da sarakuna maƙiya da dama da suka yi tawaye a zamanin mahaifina Shamshi-Adad, suka kuma ƙi biyan harajinsu na yau da kullum, ko suka mamaye su, [kuma] bisa umarnin Asur, Sin, Shamash, Adad da Ishtar, wanda na dogara da allolinsu ... na karɓi dukan haraji ... waɗanda suka kawo zuwa Assuriya.

I crossed the Euphrates at its flood. As to the numerous hostile kings who had rebelled in the time of my father Shamshi-Adad and had wi[thheld] their regular [tributes], or overwhelmed them [and] upon the command of Asur, Sin, Shamash, Adad (and) Ishtar, my trust [in] gods ... I received all the tributes … which they brought to Assyria.

Na umarce [yin tattaki] zuwa kan ƙasar Dimashƙu [Ša-imērišu].

I ordered [to march] against the country Damascus [Ša-imērišu].

(Luckenbill 1926: 260‒261)

(Luckenbill 1926: 260‒261)

Rubutun ya ci gaba da cewa:

The inscription goes on:

Na mamaye yankin da ke daga gabar Kogin Yufiretis, da ƙasar Hatti, da ƙasar Amurru gaba ɗaya, da ƙasar Taya, da ƙasar Saidon, da ƙasar Humri, da ƙasar Edom, da ƙasar Palastu, har zuwa babban teku na faɗuwar rana. Na sanya haraji (da)

I subdued [the territory stretching] from the bank of the Euphrates, the land of Hatti, the land of Amurru in its entirety, the land of Tyre, the land of Sidon, the land of Humri, the land of Edom, the land of Palastu, as far as the great sea of the setting sun. I imposed tax (and)

tribute a kansu. (Grayson 1996: 212; duba kuma Luckenbill 1926; Smith, G. 1875: 115)

tribute upon them. (Grayson 1996: 212; see also Luckenbill 1926; Smith, G. 1875: 115)

Ana kuma ambaton Falasɗinawa a cikin Wasiƙun Nimrud, waɗanda suka ƙunshi rubutun kuneiform na wasiƙun sarauta daga zamanin mulkin Tiglath-pileser III da Sargon II na Assuriya. Wasiƙun sun haɗa da wasiƙar Qurdi-Ashur-lamur zuwa ga Tiglath-Pileser III, mai ranar kusan 735 BC:

The Palestinians are also mentioned in the Nimrud Letters, which contain Cuneiform texts of royal correspondence from the reigns of Tiglath-pileser III and Sargon II of Assyria. The correspondence includes the letter of Qurdi-Ashur-lamur to Tiglath-Pileser III, dated c. 735 BC:

Game da sarkin Taya, wanda sarki ya ce: 'Ku yi masa magana da kyau', dukkan tashoshin jiragen ruwa suna hannunsa. Mutanensa suna shiga da fita daga rumbunan ajiya yadda suka ga dama, suna kuma yin ciniki. Tsaunukan Lebanon suna hannunsa; suna hawa suna sauka yadda suka ga dama, suna kawo katako zuwa kasa. Akan katakon da suke kawowa zuwa kasa na sanya haraji. Na naɗa masu duba haraji akan ofisoshin kwastam na dukkan tsaunukan Lebanon, kuma suna lura da tashar jiragen ruwa. Na naɗa mai duba haraji ga waɗanda ke sauka zuwa ofisoshin kwastam da ke Sidon, amma mutanen Sidon sun kore shi. Sai na aika da rundunar Itu'a zuwa tsaunukan Lebanon. Sun tsoratar da mutanen, har daga baya suka aika da sako suka dauko mai duba harajin, suka kawo shi cikin Sidon. Na yi musu magana kamar haka:

Concerning the ruler of Tyre, about whom the king said: ‘Talk nicely to him’, all the wharves are at their disposal. His subjects enter and leave the warehouses at will, and trade. The Lebanon range is accessible to him; they go up and down at will and bring lumber down. On the lumber they bring down I impose a tax. I have appointed tax inspectors over the customs [houses] of the entire Lebanon range, [and] they keep the watch on the harbour. I appointed a tax inspector [for those who[ were going down into the custom houses which are in Sidon, [but] the Sidonians chased him away. Thereupon I sent the Itu’a contingent into the Lebanon range. They terrified the people, [so that] afterwards they sent a message and fetched the tax inspector [and] brought [him] into Sidon. I spoke to them in these terms:

"Ka sauko da katako, ka yi aikinka a kansa, [amma] kada ka kai shi ga Masarawa ko Falasdinawa [pa-la-as-ta-a-a] ko kuwa ba zan bari ka hau kan duwatsu ba." (An ambato daga Saggs 2001: 155‒157)

‘Bring down lumber, do your work on it, [but] do not deliver it to the Egyptians or Palestinians [pa-la-as-ta-a-a] or I shall not let you go up to the mountains’. (Cited in Saggs 2001: 155‒157)

Shekara arba'in bayan haka, tarihin Sennacherib, wani rikodi na gyare-gyare a babban birnin Assyria a kusan 694 BC, ya ambaci Falasdinawa.

Four decades later, the annals of the Sennacherib, a record of improvements in the Assyrian capital in c. 694 BC, mention the Palestinians.

Annals ta ambata "mutanen Kue da Hilakku, Pilisti da Tyre" ("Ku-e u Hi-lak-ku Pi-lis-tu u Sur-ri") (Luckenbill 1924: 104), yayin da wata rubutacciyar yarjejeniya ta Assyria game da magajinsa, yarjejeniyar Esarhaddon, a shekara ta 675 BC, ta bayyana du-u'-ri (Dor ko Tantur) "a cikin gundumar pi-lis-te" (Pilistu ko Peleset).

The annals speak of the ‘the people of Kue and Hilakku, Pilisti and Tyre’ (‘Ku-e u Hi-lak-ku Pi-lis-tu u Sur-ri’) (Luckenbill 1924: 104), while another Assyrian record of his successor, the treaty of Esarhaddon, in 675 BC identifies du-u’-ri (Dor or Tantur) ‘in the district of pi-lis-te’7 (Pilistu or Peleset).

Tablet na Assuriya da ya fi haka, Prism A na Sargon II, wani rubutu da ya kai kusan 717 BC, wanda ke bayyana yakin Sargon II, ya ambaci hadewar yankin Pilistu cikin Daular Assuriya. Pi-lis-te ko Pi-lis-tu ita ce sunan Assuriya ga Filistiyawa, yayin da Peleset kuma sunan Masar ne ga daya daga cikin abin da ake kira Jama'un Teku a zamanin sarakunan Ramesses II da Ramesses III. "Kasar Peleset" tana cikin wani rubutu daga zamanin Ramesses III. Amfanin da Masarawa suka yi da kalmar peleset yana nuni ga yankuna marasa iyaka, wadanda watakila sun hada da gabar teku ta kudu da ta tsakiya, amma kuma suna iya hada da yankunan cikin kasa.

An earlier Assyrian tablet, Sargon II’s Prism A, an inscription dating to c. 717 BC, which describes describes Sargon II’s campaigns, speaks of the incorporation of the region of Pilistu into the Assyrian Empire. Pi-lis-te or Pi-lis-tu is the Assyrian name for the Philistines, while Peleset is the Egyptian name for one of the so-called Sea Peoples throughout the reigns of Ramesses II and III. The ‘land of the Peleset’ is used in an inscription from the reign of Ramesses III. The Egyptian use of peleset refers to indefinite areas which possibly include the southern and central coast, but might also include areas inland.