Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Isra'ila ta fara ne a shekarar 1923 a matsayin jam'iyyar Yahudawan Ashkenazi kadai a Falasdinu. Tunda Yiddish ita ce harshen uwa (mame-loshn) na Yahudawan Ashkenazi a tarihi, kuma harshen da Yahudawan Gabashin Turai da yawa ke magana, sai aka kira jam'iyyar da suna a Yiddish: Palestinishe Komunistishe Partei. Yayin da 'Ibrananci na zamani' ke samun gagarumin tasiri, daga karshe jam'iyyar ta zama sananne a Isra'ila da sunanta na Ibrananci: Ha-Miflaga Ha-Komunistit Ha-Yisraelit. A lokacin Mandate na Falasdinu kuwa, sunanta a Larabci shi ne Hizb al-Shuyu'i al-Filastini (Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Falasdinu). A shekarar 1923 aka haifi Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Falasdinu (PCP) a matsayin hadin gwiwar masu tsattsauran ra'ayin Zionist na hagu da 'yan kwaminis wadanda ba Zionists ba daga cikin bakin haure Yahudawan Gabashin Turai zuwa Falasdinu.

The Israeli Communist Party began as an exclusively Jewish Ashkenazi party in Palestine in 1923. With Yiddish being the historical and literally the ‘mother language’ (mame-loshn) of the Ashkenazi Jews and being a language spoken by many East European Jews, the Communist Party was called in Yiddish: Palestinishe Komunistishe Partei. With the ‘new Hebrew’ being in ascendancy, the party became eventually known in Israel by its Hebrew name: Ha-Miflaga Ha-Komunistit Ha-Yisraelit. In Mandatory Palestine, however, its Arabic name was the Palestine Communist Party (al-Hizb al-Shuyu’i al-Filastini). In 1923, the PCP was born as a coalition of left-wing Zionist settlers and non-Zionist communists among the East European Jewish immigrants to Palestine.

A farkon kafuwarsa da kuma a shekarun farko, jam'iyyar galibi Yahudawa ce, kuma ta kasance karama amma kusan dukkanin mambobinta Yahudawan Gabashin Turai ne a yawancin lokacin Mandate na Falasdinu (Younis 2000: 117).

At its foundation and in its early years the party was predominantly Jewish and it remained small but overwhelmingly composed of East European Jews during much of Mandatory Palestine (Younis 2000: 117).

Ya mamaye jam'iyyar da 'yan Stalin a mafi yawan lokacin zamanin Mandate, amma a ƙarshen shekarar 1947, bayan goyon bayan da Tarayyar Soviet ta bayar ga Kudurin Raba Kasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, jam'iyyar ta karɓi sunan Sahayoniya ga ƙasar, 'Eretz Yisrael' (maimakon Falasdinu), kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samun taimakon soji daga Czechoslovakia ga Jihar Isra'ila a lokacin mafi tsanani na yaƙin 1948.31 Haka kuma a shekarar 1948 shugaban jam'iyyar, Meir Vilner, ya sa hannu kan 'Yarjejeniyar Samun 'Yanci' ta Sahayoniyawan Isra'ila (Megilat ha-ʿAtzmaut), wadda ta siffanta ƙasar a lokuta da dama da sunan Kasar Isra'ila (da harshen Ibrananci: Eretz Yisrael). A zamanin bayan Nakba, jam'iyyar ta inganta wani tunani na gama gari wanda ya taimaka wajen Isra'ilantar da 'yan ƙasar Falasɗinawa na Isra'ila, waɗanda ake kira 'Larabawan Isra'ila'.

Dominated by Stalinists throughout much of the Mandatory period, in late 1947, following the Soviet Union’s support for the UN Partition Resolution, the party embraced a Zionist designation for the country, ‘Eretz Yisrael’ (instead of Palestine) and were instrumental in securing military assistance from Czechoslovakia for the State of Israel during the toughest stages of the 1948 war.31 Also in 1948 the leader of the party, Meir Vilner, was a signatory to the Israeli Zionist ‘Independence Charter’ (Megilat ha-ʿAtzmaut), which repeatedly described the country as the Land of Israel (Hebrew: Eretz Yisrael). In the post-Nakba period the party promoted a collective memory which contributed to the Israelification of the Palestinian citizens of Israel, the so-called ‘Israeli Arabs’.

A wannan lokacin na farkon zamanin Mandate, Larabawan Falasdinu sun kafa ƙungiyar ma'aikata, inda suka kafa Jam'iyyat al-ʿUmmal al-ʿArabiyyah al-Filastiniyyah (Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Larabawa ta Falasdinu), babbar ƙungiyar ma'aikata ta Larabawan Falasdinu, wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1925 tare da hedikwata a Haifa, da rassa a Nazareth, Jaffa da Majdal ʿAsqalan. Daga 1937 zuwa 1947 sakatarenta janar shi ne Sami Taha (1916–1947) – an haife shi a ʿArrabah, wani gari kusa da Jenin, daga baya iyalinsa suka koma Haifa – wanda shi ne babban shugaban ma'aikatan Larabawan Falasdinu a zamanin Mandate (Lockman 1996: 259). An kashe shi a Haifa a ranar 12 ga Satumba, 1947.

At the same time, during this early Mandatory period, the Palestinian Arabs created a labour movement and set up the Palestine Arab Workers Society (Jam’iyyat al-ʿUmmal al-ʿArabiyyah al-Filastiniyyah), the main Palestinian Arab labour organisation, established in 1925 with headquarters in Haifa, and branches in Nazareth, Jaffa and Majdal ‘Asqalan. From 1937 to 1947 its general secretary was Sami Taha (1916–1947) – born in ‘Arrabah, a town near Jenin, his family later moved to Haifa – who was the main Palestinian Arab labour leader during the Mandatory period (Lockman 1996: 259). He was assassinated in Haifa on 12 September 1947.

A cikin shekarun 1920 zuwa 1930, 'yan gurguzu Yahudawan Falasdinu sun ci gaba da kyakkyawar dangantaka da Ƙungiyar Ma'aikatan Larabawan Falasdinu.

Throughout the 1920s and 1930s the Palestine Jewish communists maintained close relations with the Palestine Arab Workers Society.

A tsakiyar Yakin Duniya na Biyu, a shekarar 1943, Jam'iyyar Gurguzu ta Falasdinu, saboda matsin lamba na daidaita manufofinta na Gabas ta Tsakiya da na gwamnatin Stalin ta Rasha, ta shiga rikici da manyan manufofin vuguwar kishin kasar Falasdinu. Jam'iyyar ta rabu da mambobin Larabawan Falasdinu masu tsattsauran ra'ayin adawa da Yahudanci, wadanda suka kafa Kungiyar 'Yantar da Kasa ta Kasa a shekarar 1944. Yayin da take fadawa karkashin tasirin masu ra'ayin hagu na Yahudawa, kuma tana amincewa da ra'ayin Soviet cewa Yahudanci wani nau'i ne na kishin kasa na 'yan jari-hujja, PCP ta canza sunanta zuwa MAKEY, Jam'iyyar Gurguzu ta Eretz Yisrael ('Jam'iyyar Gurguzu ta Kasar Isra'ila') – bayan ta amince da Kudurin Rabon Kasa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Nuwamba 1947 – tana rungumar kalmar da ke tsakiyar tunanin Yahudawa. Wannan ne karo na farko da 'yan gurguzu na Falasdinu suka yi amfani da kalmar Yahudawa Eretz Yisrael ('Kasar Isra'ila'). Haka kuma, shugaban MAKEY, Meir Vilner-Kovner, na cikin wadanda suka sanya hannu kan Sanarwar 'Yancin Kai ta Isra'ila ta watan Mayu 1948, takardar da rubutun Ibraniyanci nata bai ambaci kalmar Falasdinu ba, sai dai Eretz Yisrael kawai. Takardar ta fara da maimaita wasu daga cikin tatsuniyoyin kafa Yahudanci:

In the middle of the Second World War, in 1943, the Palestine Communist Party, under pressure to accommodate the Middle Eastern policies of Stalinist Russia, came into conflict with the key aims of the Palestinian national movement. The party split with the more radical anti-Zionist Palestinian Arab members, who formed the National Liberation League in 1944. Coming under Zionist left-wing influences, and endorsing the Soviet notion that Zionism was a form of bourgeois nationalism, the PCP changed its name to MAKEY, the Communist Party of Eretz Yisrael (‘the Communist Party of the Land of Israel’) – after endorsing the UN Partition Resolution of November 1947 – embracing a term central to Zionist thinking. This was the first time the Palestine communists had used the Zionist term Eretz Yisrael (‘Land of Israel’). Furthermore, the leader of MAKEY, Meir Vilner-Kovner, was one of the signatories of the Israeli Declaration of Independence of May 1948, a document whose Hebrew text does not mention the term Palestine and talks only about Eretz Yisrael. The document begins with rehashing some of the founding myths of Zionism:

Ƙasar Isra'ila ita ce wurin haihuwar al'ummar Yahudawa.

[The Land of Israel] was the birthplace of the Jewish people.

A nan ne aka tsara asalin ruhinsu, addininsu da kuma siyasarsu.

Here their spiritual, religious and political identity was shaped.

A nan ne suka fara samun 'yancin kai, suka kuma kirkiro dabi'u na al'adu masu muhimmanci ga al'umma da kuma ga duniya baki daya, suka kuma ba duniya Littafi madawwami, Littafin Littattafai.32

Here they first attained statehood, created cultural values of national and universal significance and gave to the world the eternal Book of Books.32

Haka kuma, mafi muhimmanci, jam'iyyar ta shiga cikin jigilar makamai daga Czechoslovakia zuwa kungiyoyin sojan Sahayoniyya a shekarun 1948‒1949 – isar da makaman da suka sauya daidaiton soji a kasa a Falasdinu a 1948 sosai, kuma suka taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa kasar Isra'ila. Tun 1948 kuma, mambobin jam'iyyar Yahudawa suna aiki a cikin sojojin Isra'ila.

Also, crucially, the party was involved in arms shipments from Czechoslovakia to the Zionist military organisations in 1948‒1949 – deliveries which radically altered the military balance on the ground in Palestine in 1948 and proved significant for the establishment of the Israeli state. Since 1948 the Jewish members of the party have also served in the Israeli army.

Duk da sabanin manufofi da ke damunta, bayan 1948 jam'iyyar ta shiga siyasar majalisar dokokin Isra'ila, kuma aka fi sanin ta da MAKEY. Bayan wani rarrabuwa a cikin jam'iyyar a 1965, babban bangaren majalisa ya zama sananne da Rakah, gajarta ce ta New Communist List (Ibrananci: Reshima Komunistit Hadasha). A wannan lokaci jam'iyyar ta zama jam'iyyar Larabawan Falasdinawa galibi a cikin Layin Kore, tana da wakilci a Knesset (majalisar dokokin Isra'ila). A tarihi, musamman tun 1948, manufofin siyasar jam'iyyar sun fi mayar da hankali kan daidaito da hakkokin farar hula ga Falasdinawa a cikin Isra'ila. A yau jam'iyyar ana kiranta Hadash, gajarta ce ta Ibrananci Ha-Hazit Ha-Demokratit Le-Shalom (Gaban Dimokuradiyya don Zaman Lafiya da Daidaito; Larabci: al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqratiyyah lis-Salam wal-Musawah), tare da manufofin siyasa da ke ɗaukar matsayin mafita ta ƙasashe biyu.

Bedevilled by contradictory tendencies, after 1948 the party took part in Israeli parliamentary politics and became known as MAKEY. After another internal split in 1965, the main parliamentary faction became known as Rakah, an acronym for the New Communist List (Hebrew: Reshima Komunistit Hadasha). By this stage the party was a predominantly Palestinian Arab party within the Green Line with representation in the Israeli Knesset (parliament). Historically, and in particular since 1948, the party’s political platform largely focused on equality and civil rights for the Palestinians within Israel. Today the party is known as Hadash, a Hebrew acronym for Ha-Hazit Ha-Demokratit Le-Shalom (Democratic Front for Peace and Equality; Arabic: al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqratiyyah lis-Salam wal-Musawah), with a political platform committed to the two-state solution.