1.8 Uning Allohning Elchisiga mol-dunyosini sarflagani va sahobalar orasida eng saxiysi bo'lgani haqida
1.8 His Spending His Wealth On The Messenger Of Allah And That He Was The Most Generous Of The Companions
Alloh, ulug'lanmish Zot, shunday deydi: {Va undan (do'zaxdan) chetga qaytariladi}
Allah, exalted is He, says, And he will be averted from it (the Fire)
Kimning itoati eng qo'rquvli bo'ladi: o'z molini poklanish uchun beradigan kishimi (Qur'on 92:17-21), suraning oxirigacha?
who has the most fearful obedience, the one who gives his wealth purifying himself (Qur’an 92: 17-21) to the end of the surah.
Ibn al-Jawziy dedi: Ular bir ovozdan, bu oyat Abu Bakr haqida nozil bo‘lgan, deb ittifoq qilganlar.
Ihn al-Jawzi said: They agree unanimously that this was revealed about Abu Bakr.
Ahmad rivoyat qilishicha, Abu Hurayra aytdi: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dedilar: "Hech bir mol menga Abu Bakrning moli kabi foyda bermagan." Abu Bakr yig'lab yubordi va dedi: "Men va mening molim siz uchungina emasmi, ey Allohning Elchisi?" Abu Ya'la rivoyat qilishicha, Oisha, Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin, xuddi shunday hadisni marfu' hadis sifatida rivoyat qilgan. Ibn Kasir dedi: Shunga o'xshash hadis Ali, Ibn Abbos, Anas, Jobir ibn Abdulloh va Abu Sa'id al-Xudriy rivoyatlarida ham keltirilgan, Alloh ularning barchasidan rozi bo'lsin.
Ahmad narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘No wealth ever benefited me as did the wealth of Abu Bakr.’ Abu Bakr wept and said, ‘Are I and my wealth for any but you, Messenger of Allah?’ Abu Yacla narrated that cA’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, narrated the like of it as a marfuc hadith. Ibn Kathir said: And it is narrated in hadith of cAli, Ibn cAbbas, Anas, Jabir ibn cAbdullah and Abu Sacid al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with all of them.
Al-Khatib uni Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab'dan mursal hadis sifatida rivoyat qilgan va shunday qo'shgan: «Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Abu Bakrning mol-mulkidan xuddi o'zining mol-mulkidan foydalangandek foydalanardilar». Ibn Asokir turli yo'llar orqali rivoyat qilgan: Oisha, Alloh u kishidan rozi bo'lsin, va Urva ibn az-Zubayr aytdilar: Abu Bakr, Alloh u kishidan rozi bo'lsin, Islomni qabul qilgan kuni, uning qo'lida kirq ming dinor bor edi (boshqa rivoyatda — kirq ming dirham), va u ularni Allohning Elchisi ﷺ uchun sarflagan.
Al-Khateeb narrated it from Sacid ibn al-Musayyab as a mursal hadith and added, ‘And the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless and grant peace to him and his family, used to make use of the wealth of Abu Bakr as he did of his own wealth.’ Ibn cAsakir narrated by various routes that cA’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, and cUrwah ibn az-Zubayr said: Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, accepted Islam on the day that he did and he had forty thousand dinars (and in a wording - forty t housand dirhams) and he spent them on the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.
Abu Saʿid ibn al-Aʿrabiy rivoyat qilishicha, Ibn Umar, Alloh ikkalasidan ham rozi bo‘lsin, shunday degan: Abu Bakr Islomni qabul qilgan kuni, Alloh undan rozi bo‘lsin, uning uyida qirq ming dirham bor edi. Keyin u Madinaga hijrat qildi va uning qo‘lida besh ming dirhamdan boshqa narsa qolmagan edi. U bu pulning hammasini qullarni ozod qilishga va Islom ishiga yordam berishga sarflagan edi.
Abu Sacid ibn al-Acrabi narrated that Ibn cUmar, may Allah be pleased with both of them, said: Abu Bakr accepted Islam, may Allah be pleased with him, on the day that he did, and in his house t here were foijty thousand dirhams. Then he emigrated to Madinah and he had nothing but five thousand dirhams. He had spent all of that on freeing slaves and helping the cause of Islam.
Ibn Asokir rivoyat qilishicha, Oisha (roziyallohu anho) aytdi: Abu Bakr yetti kishini ozod qildi, ularning har biri Alloh yo‘lida azob chekayotgan edi.
Ibn cAsakir narrated that cA’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said that Abu Bakr freed seven (slaves) each one of whom was being tortured for the sake of Allah.
Ibn Shohin as-Sunnada, al-Bag'aviy o'zining tafsirida va Ibn Asokir rivoyat qilishicha, Ibn Umar aytgan: Men Nabiy ﷺ bilan birga edim, Abu Bakr as-Siddiq ham u zot bilan birga edi. U kishi ko'kragi ustidan nayza bilan ilib qo'yilgan katta (qo'pol echki terisidan tikilgan) past-baland ust kiyimda edi. Shunda Jabroil alayhis-salom unga tushib dedi: "Muhammad, Abu Bakrni ko'rayapman, u ko'kragi ustidan nayza bilan ilib qo'yilgan katta (qo'pol echki terisidan tikilgan) past-baland ust kiyimda, bu qanday?" U zot ﷺ dedilar: "Jabroil, u Fath (Makkaning Islomga ochilishi) oldidan mol-mulkini menga sarf qilgan." U dedi: "Alloh unga salom yuboradi va shunday deyishni buyuradi: "Sen Mendan shu faqirligingdan rozimisan yoki norozimi?" Abu Bakr dedi: "Men Rabbimdan norozimanmi? Men Rabbimdan roziman. Men Rabbimdan roziman. Men Rabbimdan roziman." Bu hadis g'arib (g'ariyb) bo'lib, uning isnodi juda zaif. Abu Nu'aym xuddi shunday rivoyatni Abu Hurayradan va Ibn Mas'uddan keltirgan, ularning isnodlari ham zaif. Ibn Asokir Ibn Abbos hadisidan unga o'xshash rivoyatni keltirgan.
Ibn Shahin narrated in as-Sunnah, al-Baghawi in his tafsir and Ibn cAsakir that Ibn cUmar said: I was with the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and Abu Bakr as-Siddiq was with him, and he had on a large (coarse goatskin) cloak which he had fastened over his breast with a skewer, and then Jibril, peace be upon him, descended upon him and said, ‘Muhammad, how is it that I see Abu Bakr and he has on a large (coarse goatskin) cloak which he has fastened over his breast with a skewer?’ He said, ‘Jibril, he spent his wealth upon me before the Opening (of Makkah to Islam).’ He said, ‘Allah sends greetings of peace to him and says to say to him, “Are you pleased with Me in this poverty of yours or displeased?” Abu Bakr said, ‘Am I displeased with my Lord? I am pleased with my Lord. I am pleased with my Lord. I am pleased with my Lord.’ It is unusual (ghareeb) and its isnad is very weak. Abu Nucaym narrated the same from Abu Hurayrah and Ibn Mascud and their isnads are also weak. Ibn cAsakir narrated the like of it from a hadith of Ibn cAbbas.
Al-Khatib rivoyat qilgan, isnodi ham zaif bo‘lgan holda, Ibn Abbos, Alloh ulardan ikkalasidan rozi bo‘lsin, Payg‘ambardan ﷺ shunday rivoyat qiladi: u dedi: “Jibril, alayhissalom, menga tushdi va u o‘zining ustiga qo‘pol matodan katta bir parcha o‘ralgan edi. Men unga dedim: “Jibril, bu nima?” U dedi: “Alloh, Uning ulug‘ligi bor bo‘lsin, farishtalarga buyurdiki, ular osmonda tikishsin, xuddi Abu Bakr yerda tikkanidek.” Ibn Kasir dedi: Bu juda rad etilishi kerak bo‘lgan (munkar)dir. Agar bu va undan oldingi rivoyatni ko‘p kishilar naql qilmaganida edi, ularni butunlay chetlab o‘tish yaxshiroq bo‘lardi.
Al-Khateeb narrated with an isnad which is also weak that Ibn cAbbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, related from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, that he said, ‘Jibril, peace be upon him, descended upon me and he had on a large piece of coarse cloth fastened on him, so I said to him, “Jibril, what is this?” He said, “Allah, exalted is He, has ordered the angels that they should fasten in the heaven as Abu Bakr fastens on earth.’” Ibn Kathir said: This is very much to be rejected (munkar)A. If it were not that many people hand down this one and the one before it, it would be better to completely avoid them.
Abu Dovud va at-Termiziy rivoyat qilishicha, Umar ibn al-Xattob aytdi: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ bizni sadaqa berishga buyurdilar. Shu paytda mening molim bor edi, shuning uchun dedim: "Agar Abu Bakrdan oshib ketish mumkin bo'lsa, bugun uni ortda qoldiraman", va molimning yarmini olib keldim. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dedilar: "Oila a'zolaringga nima qoldirding?" Men dedim: "Xuddi shuncha qoldirdim." Keyin Abu Bakr o'zida borini olib keldi. Payg'ambar ﷺ dedilar: "Abu Bakr, oila a'zolaringga nima qoldirding?" U dedi: "Ular uchun Alloh va Uning Elchisini qoldirdim." Men dedim: "Hech qachon hech narsada undan oshib keta olmayman." At-Termiziy dedi: "[Bu hadis] hasan sahih." Abu Nuaym "al-Hilya" kitobida al-Hasan al-Basriydan rivoyat qilishicha, Abu Bakr sadaqasini yashirincha Payg'ambar ﷺ huzuriga olib kelgan va: "Allohning Elchisi, bu mening sadaqam, Alloh esa menga (yana) qaytarib berishi mumkin", degan. So'ngra Umar sadaqasini oshkora olib kelib dedi: "Allohning Elchisi, bu mening sadaqam, men Allohdan (yana) qaytarib olishim mumkin." Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dedilar: "Ikki sadaqangiz o'rtasidagi farq, so'zlaringiz o'rtasidagi farq kabidir." Uning isnodi a'lo, ammo bu mursal.
Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi narrated that cUmar ibn al-Khattab said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered us to give sadaqah and that agreed with the property that I had so I said, ‘Today I will outdo Abu Bakr if I am ever to outdo him,’ and I brought half of my wealth. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘What have you left for your family?’ I said, ‘I have left the like of it.’ Then Abu bakr came with everything that he had, and he said, ‘Abu Bakr, what have you left for your family?’ He said, ‘I have left for them Allah and His Messenger.’ I said, ‘I will never ever outdo him in anything.’ At-Tirmidhi said, ‘[This hadith\ is hasan sahih! Abu Nucaym narrated in al-Hilyah that al-Hasan al-Basri said that Abu Bakr came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with his sadaqah and concealed it. He said, ‘Messenger of Allah, this is my sadaqah, and, Allah can return to me (for more).’ ' I hen cUmar came with his sadaqah openly and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, this is my sadaqah and I can return to Allah (for more).’ ' I he Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘The difference between your two sadaqahs is the same as the difference between your words.’ Its isnad is excellent, but it is a rnursal.
At-Termiziy rivoyat qilgan: Abu Hurayra aytdi: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ aytdilar: "Biz kimga bir narsa qarz bo‘lgan bo‘lsak, uni qaytarganmiz, faqat Abu Bakrdan tashqari, chunki u bizga shunday ehsonlar qilganki, Allah uni Qiyomat kuni mukofotlaydi. Hech kimning boyligi Abu Bakrning boyligi menga foyda keltirganchalik foyda keltirmagan." Al-Bazzor rivoyat qilgan: Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Alloh undan rozi bo‘lsin, aytdi: Men otam Abu Quhafa bilan Payg‘ambar ﷺ huzuriga keldim. U zot aytdilar: "Men uning oldiga kelguncha shayxni (qariyani) qo‘yib turishing kerak edi." Men aytdim: "Balki, to‘g‘risi, u sizning oldingizga kelishi kerak." U zot aytdilar: "Biz u kishini o‘g‘li tufayli qilgan ehsonlarimiz uchun hurmat qilishni afzal ko‘ramiz." Ibn Asokir rivoyat qilgan: Ibn Abbos aytdi: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ aytdilar: "Menga Abu Bakrdan ko‘ra ko‘proq ehson qilgan hech kim yo‘q. U menga o‘zini va boyligini baxshida etdi hamda qizini menga nikohlab berdi."
At-Tirmidhi narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘We have never been under obligation to anyone but that we have repaid him, except for Abu Bakr, for he has put obligations on us which Allah will repay him for on the Day of Rising. No-one’s wealth has ever benefited me as has Abu Bakr’s wealth.’ Al-Bazzar narrated that Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, said: I came with my father Abu Quhafah to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, who said, ‘You should have left the shaykh until I could come to him.’ I said, ‘Rather it is more correct that he should come to you.’ He said, ‘We would rather be protective of him for the favours for which we are obliged to his son.’ Ibn cAsakir narrated that Ibn cAbbas said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘No-one has shown greater favour to me than Abu Bakr. He shared himself and his wealth with me and he married me his daughter.’
4. Munkar — hatto isnadlari sahih bo‘lgan hadislarda ham, hadisning mazmuni ma’lum bo‘lgan Qur’on oyatlariga, boshqa mashhurroq hadislarning matnlariga yoki dinning ma’lum qoidalariga zid kelishini anglatadi.
4. Munkar means, even in the cases of hadith which have sound isnads, that the content of the hadith contradicts known ayat of the Qur’an or the texts of other better known hadith or known principles of the deen.