An-Nawaviy o‘zining "Tahdhib" asarida, o‘z yozuvidan naql qilib, shunday degan: Bizning ulamolarimiz Abu Bakr as-Siddiqning ilmining kengligini uning so‘zlari bilan isbotlaganlar — Alloh undan rozi bo‘lsin. Bu ishonchli hadis Imom Buxoriy va Imom Muslim to‘plamlarida bor: "Alloh haqqi, namozni zakotdan ajratganlar bilan jang qilaman. Alloh haqqi, agar ular Alloh Rasuli ﷺ ga to‘lab kelgan bir arqon miqdoricha zakotni ham menga bermasalar, uni rad etganlari uchun ular bilan jang qilaman." Shayx Abu Ishoq o‘zining "Tabaqat" asarida bu va boshqa masalalarda dalil topgan: Abu Bakr as-Siddiq — Alloh undan rozi bo‘lsin — sahobalarning eng bilimlisi bo‘lgan, chunki ular hukmni anglay olmaganlarida, faqat u tushungan. Keyinchalik ular bilan bo‘lgan munozaralari tufayli uning so‘zi to‘g‘ri ekani ayon bo‘lgan va ular o‘sha fikrga qaytganlar.

An-Nawawi said, in his Tahdhib, and from his own writing I transmit: Our companions proved the vastness of his knowledge by his words, may Allah be pleased with him, in the well established hadith which is in the two Sahih collections, ‘By Allah, I will fight whoever distinguishes between salah and zakat. By Allah, if they refuse me as much as the halter of a camel which they used to pay to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, I will fight them over their refusal.’ Shaykh Abu Ishaq saw a proof, in this and other things, in his Tabaqat, that Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, was the most knowledgeable of the Companions, because they all failed to understand the judgement on this issue except for him, then it became clear to them because of his discussions with them that his words were the correct position, so they came back to that.

Bizga rivoyat qilinganki, Ibn Umardan so'rashdi: «Rasulullah ﷺ zamonida odamlarga kim fatvo berar edi?» U aytdi: «Abu Bakr va Umar, Alloh ulardan rozi bo'lsin. Ulardan boshqasini bilmayman.» Ikki shayx (al-Buxoriy va Muslim) rivoyat qilganki, Abu Sa'id al-Xudriy aytdi: Rasulullah ﷺ odamlarga murojaat qilib dedilar: «Alloh, barakali va yuksak, bir bandaga dunyo bilan Uning huzuridagi narsa o'rtasida tanlov berdi. Bu banda Alloh huzuridagini tanladi, Uning ulug'ligi yuksakdir.» Shunda Abu Bakr yig'lab yubordi va dedi: «Biz sizni ota-onamiz bilan fido qilamiz.» Uning yig'lashidan biz hayron bo'ldik, chunki Rasulullah ﷺ bir bandaga tanlov berilganidan xabar berayotgan edilar. Lekin tanlov berilgan zot Rasulullah ﷺ edilar, Abu Bakr esa bizning ichimizda eng bilimlisi edi. Rasulullah ﷺ dedilar: «Menga suhbati va molini eng ko'p sarflagan kishi Abu Bakrdir. Agar Rabbimdan boshqa birini yaqin do'st qilib olganimda, Abu Bakrni olgan bo'lardim. Lekin u Islom birodarligi va muhabbatidir.»

We have transmitted that Ibn cUmar was asked, ‘Who used to give fatwa for people at the time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace?’ He said, ‘Abu Bakr and cUmar, may Allah be pleased with them. I don’t know of anyone other than them.’ The two Shaykhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim) narrated that Abu Sacid al-Khudri said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, addressed people and said, Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, has given a slave the choice between the world and that which is with Him. That slave has chosen that which is with Allah, exalted is He.’ Then Abu Bakr wept and said, ‘We would ransom you with our fathers and mothers.’ We were astonished at his weeping because the Messenger of Allah informed about a slave who had been given a choice. But the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was the one given the choice, and Abu Bakr was the most knowledgeable of us. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘The most generous of people to me with his company and his wealth is Abu Bakr. If I were to take an intimate friend other than my Lord I would have taken Aim Bakr, but there is the brotherhood of Islam and its affection.

"Mening ko'zim cheksiz ... ochiq eshiklarning faqat Abu Bakr eshigi qoladi." — shu so'zlar an-Nawawiyning so'zlarining hammasi.

I ,ct no door remain open but for the door of Abu Bakr.’ ' I he above is all the words of an-Nawawi.

Ibn Kasir dedi: As-Siddiq, Allah ундан rozi bo‘lsin, sahobalar ichida Qur’onni eng yaxshi o‘qigan kishi edi, ya’ni u ulardan Qur’onni eng ko‘p biladigan kishi edi, chunki Allah uning ustiga salavot va salom bo‘lsin, uni sahobalarga namozda imom qilib qo‘ygan edi, Allah ularning hammasidan rozi bo‘lsin, va uning so‘zi bilan: “Allohning Kitobini eng yaxshi o‘qigan kishi odamlarga imom bo‘lsin.” At-Termiziy Oisha, Allah undan rozi bo‘lsin, dedi, deb rivoyat qilgan: Allohning Rasuli ﷺ dedilar: “Ichida Abu Bakr bo‘lgan qavmga boshqasi imom bo‘lishi joiz emas” (imom so‘zi ham yetakchilik, ham namozga imomlik ma’nosini bildiradi). U, shu bilan birga, Sunnatni eng ko‘p biluvchi kishi edi.

Ibn Kathir said: As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, was the best read of the Companions, meaning that he was the most knowledgeable of them in the Qur’an, because he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, put him forward as imam of the prayer for the Companions, may Allah be pleased with him and them, along with his words, ‘The best read in the Book of Allah will lead the people.’ At-Tirmidhi narrated that CA’ ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘It is not fitting for a people among whom is Abu Bakr that another than him should lead them (as imam\ the word having the meaning of both leading, and leading the prayer).’ He was, along with that, the most knowledgeable in the Sunnah.

Sahobalar bir necha marta unga murojaat qilganlarida, u Payg‘ambar ﷺ dan o‘zi yodlab olgan va ularga kerak bo‘lgan paytda, ularda yo‘q bo‘lgan sunnatlarni rivoyat qilib berar edi. Bu qanday bo‘lmasin, axir u Rasulullah ﷺ ga hamrohlikni ularning payg‘ambarlik vazifasi boshlanganidan to vafotlarigacha sabr-bardosh bilan davom ettirgan-ku!

When the Companions referred to him on several occasions, he produced transmissions of sunnahs from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he had memorised and which he produced at the moments when they were needed, and which they didn’t have. How could that not be when he had persevered in accompanying the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from the very beginning of his being sent until his death?

Shu bilan birga, u Allohning eng zehnli va eng anglovchan bandalaridan biri edi. Biroq, unga sanadi bilan yetib kelgan hadislar unchalik ko'p emas, buning sababi faqat uning umri qisqa bo'lgani va Payg'ambar ﷺ vafotidan so'ng tez vafot etgani edi. Agar u uzoq umr ko'rganida, uning rivoyatlari juda ko'p bo'lar edi.

Along with that he was one of the most intelligent of the slaves of Allah and one of the most comprehending. However, there are not many hadith traced back with a chain of transmission to him, only because of the short time he lived and the speed of his death after the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. If he had lived for long, his narrations would have been very extensive.

Hech bir rivoyat qiluvchi o‘zi naql qilgan hadisni rivoyat qilmasdan qoldirmagan. Lekin uning davridagi sahobalardan hech biri u bilan birga rivoyat qilgan narsalarini unda naql qilishga muhtoj bo‘lmagan, shuning uchun faqat o‘zlarida bo‘lmagan narsalarnigina undan naql qilganlar.

None of the transmitters left a hadith that he transmitted without narrating it. But none of the Companions from his time, needed to transmit from him what they shared with him in the narration of, so they only transmitted from him what they themselves didn’t have.

Abu’l-Qosim al-Bag‘aviy rivoyat qilishicha, Maymun ibn Mehron shunday degan:

Abu’l-Qasim al-Baghawi narrated that Maymun ibn Mihran said:

Abu Bakr, kimdir bir nizo uning oldiga olib kelinganda, Allohning Kitobiga qarab chiqardi. Agar u yerda ajrim chiqarish uchun asos topsa, nizolashayotganlar o'rtasida shu asosda hukm chiqarardi. Kitobda hech narsa topilmasa-yu, shu masala bo'yicha Allohning Rasuli ﷺ dan biror sunnatni bilsa, o'sha bilan hukm chiqarardi. Agar to'g'ri yo'lni topa olmasa, chiqib musulmonlardan so'rardi va shunday derdi: "Menga falon-falon ish keldi. Shu haqda Allohning Rasuli ﷺ biror hukm chiqarganini bilasizmi?" Ba'zan bir guruh uning atrofiga to'planardi, ularning har biri Allohning Rasuli ﷺ dan chiqqan bir hukmni eslatardi. Abu Bakr shunda derdi: "Payg'ambarimiz ﷺ dan (ilmni) saqlab, yodda tutadigan kishilarni orimizda qo'ygan Allohga hamdlar bo'lsin." Agar bu haqda Allohning Rasuli ﷺ dan sunnat topa olmasa, yetakchilarni va odamlarning eng yaxshilarini to'plab, ularning maslahatini so'rardi. Ular bir fikrga kelishsa, o'sha bo'yicha hukm chiqarardi. 'Umar, Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin, ham shunday qilardi. Agar Qur'on va Sunnatdan biror yo'l topa olmasa, Abu Bakr bu borada hukm chiqarganmi, shuni ko'rardi. Agar Abu Bakr shu masalada hukm chiqargan ekanini topsa, o'sha hukm asosida ajrim berardi. Aks holda musulmonlarning yetakchilarini chaqirardi va agar ular bir ovozdan kelishsa, o'sha asosda hukm chiqarardi.

Abu Bakr, when a dispute was brought to him, used to look in the Book of Allah. Then if he found there the basis for a judgement between the disputants he would give judgement on that basis. If there was nothing in the Book and he knew a Sunnah on that matter from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless and grant him and his family peace, he would give judgement by that. If he could not find the right way he would go out and ask the Muslims, and say, ‘Such and such has come to me, so do you know whether the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gave any judgement on that?’ Perhaps a group would gather around him, everyone of them mentioning a judgement of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. Abu Bakr would say, ‘Praise belongs to Allah Who has put among us those who preserve and memorise from our Prophet.’ If he was unable to find a Sunnah about it from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, he would gather the leaders and the best of the people and seek their counsel. If they would agree on a view he would give judgement by that. cUmar, may Allah be pleased with him, used to do that. If he was unable to find some way in the Qur’an and the Sunnah, he would look to see if Abu Bakr had given a judgement on it. If he found that Abu Bakr had already given judgement on it he would pass judgement on the basis of that judgement. If not, he would call the leaders of the Muslims and if they would agree unanimously on a matter he would give judgement on that basis.

As-Siddiq, Allohning unga rozi bo'lsin, shuningdek, arablarning, ayniqsa Quraysh nasablarini eng yaxshi biladigan kishi edi. Ansorlardan bir shayx aytdi: Jubayr ibn Mut'im Quraysh nasablari va umuman arablar nasablari bo'yicha Quraysh ichida eng bilimdon kishi edi va u shunday derdi: «Men nasablarni faqat Abu Bakr as-Siddiqdan olganman, Abu Bakr as-Siddiq esa arablarning nasabini eng yaxshi biluvchi edi.» Bundan tashqari, as-Siddiq tush ta'bir qilishda eng yuqori darajaga yetgan edi. U Allohning Rasuli ﷺ zamonida tushlarni ta'bir qilar edi.

As-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, was, along with that, the most knowledgeable in the genealogies of the Arabs, particularly of Quraysh. A shaykh of the Ansar said: Jubayr ibn Mutcim used to be the most knowledgeable of Quraysh in the genealogies of Quraysh and of the Arabs in general and he used to say, ‘I only took genealogies from Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, and Abu Bakr as-Siddiq was I be most learned in genealogy of the Arabs.’ Along with that, as-Siddiq had reached the limit in the Interpretation of dreams. He used to interpret dreams in the time of I he Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

Muhammad ibn Sirin — bu ilmda umumiy ittifoqqa ko'ra eng yetakchi zot — dedi: Abu Bakr Nabiydan ﷺ keyin bu ummatning tush ta'birini (tushdan ma'no chiqarishga) eng qodir kishi edi. Ibn Sa'd rivoyat qilgan.

Muhammad ibn Sirin, and he was the foremost in this knowledge by general consensus, said: Abu Bakr was the most able of this ummah after the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to draw u meaning (from a dream). Ibn Sacd narrated it.

Ad-Daylamiy "Musnad al-Firdavs"da, Ibn Asokir esa rivoyat qilib aytadilar: Samura aytdi: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dedilar: "Menga Abu Bakrga tush ta'birini aytish (va uni o'rgatish) buyurildi." Ibn Kasir dedi: U odamlarning eng ravshan va eng fasohatli kishilaridan biri edi. Az-Zubayr ibn Bakkar dedi: Men ilm ahlidan birining shunday deganini eshitganman: "Allohning Elchisi ﷺning sahobalaridan xutba o'qigan kishilarning eng fasohatlilari Abu Bakr va Ali ibn Abu Tolib bo'lgan, Alloh ikkalasidan ham rozi bo'lsin." Saqifa hadisida biz Umar roziyallohu anhuning so'zlarini keltiramiz. U Allohni odamlarning eng bilimlisi va Undan eng ko'p qo'rqqanlaridan biri edi. Uning bu haqdagi, tush ta'biri haqidagi ba'zi so'zlari va ba'zi xutbalarini alohida bo'limda bir joyga jamlaymiz.

Ad-Daylami narrated in Musnad al-Firdaws and Ibn cAsakir narrated that Samurah said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘I have been commanded to interpret the dream (and to tell it or teach it) to Abu Bakr.’ I bn Kathir said: He was one of the clearest and most eloquent of people. Az-Zubayr ibn Bakkar said: I heard one of the people of knowledge saying, ‘The most eloquent of those of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah who gave the khutbah were Abu Bakr and ' AI i ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with both of them.’ In the hadith of as-Saqifah we will relate the words of cUmar, may Allah be pleased with him. He was one of the most knowing of mankind of Allah and the most fearful of Him. Some of his words on that and on the interpretation of dream and some of his khutbahs we will place together in an independent section.

Bilimdonligi sahobalar orasida eng yuqori ekanligining dalillaridan biri Hudaybiya sulhi haqidagi hadisdir. Bunda Umar Allohning Rasulidan ﷺ: "Dinimizda nima uchun xorlikni qabul qilishimiz kerak?" deb so'radi. Payg'ambar ﷺ unga javob berdi. So'ngra u Abu Bakrning oldiga borib, Allohning Rasulidan ﷺ so'ragan savolini unga ham berdi va u ham xuddi Payg'ambar ﷺ javob bergani kabi, so'zma-so'z javob berdi. Buni al-Bukhoriy va boshqalar rivoyat qilganlar.

One of the proofs that he was the most knowledgeable of the Companions is the hadith of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah when 1 Umar asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ‘For what reason should we accept disgrace in our deenT I he Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, answered him. Then he went to Abu Bakr and asked him the same question that he had asked the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he answered him just as the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had answered him, word for word. Al-Bukhari and others narrated it.

Bundan tashqari, u sahobalar orasida o‘z qarashlarida eng o‘tkir va aql-zakovatda ularning eng komili edi. Tammom ar-Roziy o‘zining “Al-Favoid” asarida rivoyat qilgan, Ibn Asokir esa Abdulloh ibn Amr ibn al-Os shunday degan deb rivoyat qilgan: “Men Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday deganlarini eshitdim: “Jabroil menga kelib dedi: “Alloh sizga Abu Bakrning maslahatini so‘rashni buyuradi.”” At-Tabaroniy, Abu Nuaym va boshqalar rivoyat qilganki, Muoz ibn Jabal aytgan: Payg‘ambar ﷺ Muozni Yamanga yubormoqchi bo‘lganlarida, sahobalaridan bir qancha kishilar, jumladan Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Talha, az-Zubayr va Usayd ibn Hudayrning maslahatini so‘radilar. Odamlar gaplashdilar, har kimning o‘z fikri bor edi. U zot: “Sen nima deysan, Muoz?” dedilar. Men (Muoz) dedim: “Men Abu Bakr aytgan fikrga qo‘shilaman.” Payg‘ambar ﷺ dedilar: “Alloh osmonda Abu Bakr xato qilishini yoqtirmaydi.” Ibn Abu Usama o‘zining “Musnad” asarida rivoyat qilgan: “Alloh osmonda Abu Bakr as-Siddiq yerda xato qilishini yoqtirmaydi.” Sahl ibn Sa’d as-Oidiy aytgan: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dedilar: “Alloh Abu Bakr xato qilishini yoqtirmaydi.” Bu hadisni rivoyat qilgan barcha kishilar ishonchli kishilardir.

Along with that, he was the most penetrating of the Companions in his views and the most perfect of them in intellect. Tamam ar- Razi narrated in his Fawdidand Ibn cAsakir narrated that cAbdullah ibn cAmr ibn al-cAs said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, ‘Jibril came to me and said, “Allah orders you to seek the counsel of Abu Bakr.’” At-Tabarani, Abu Nucaym and others narrated that Mucadh ibn Jabal told that when the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanted to send Mucadh to the Yemen he sought the counsel of men of his companions among whom were Abu Bakr, cUmar, cAli, Talhah, az-Zubayr and Usayd ibn Hudayr. The people talked and every man had his own view. He said, ‘What do you think, Mucadh?’ I (Mucadh) said, ‘I think the same as that which Abu Bakr said.’ The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Allah dislikes in the heaven that Abu Bakr should make a mistake.’ Ibn Abi Usamah related it in his Musnad, ‘Allah, in the heaven, dislikes that Abu Bakr as-Siddiq should make a mistake on the earth.’ Sahl ibn Sacd as-Sacidi said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Allah dislikes that Abu Bakr should make a mistake.’ The men who transmitted it are all trustworthy.