圣门弟子（ra）在先知穆罕默德的时代就进行伊智提哈德，并在推导教法条例时存在分歧，而先知ﷺ接受了这一点。以下几件事可以说明这一点：

The Sahabah (ra) used to make Ijtihad in the time of the Messenger of Allah (saw) and differ in their deduction of Ahkams and the Messenger (saw) accepted this. This can be seen in the following incidents:

1) 布哈里引用阿伊莎的叙述说：先知（愿安拉赐福他并使他平安）从壕沟之役（Khandaq）回来后，放下了武器并洗了澡。吉卜勒伊勒来到，说："你放下了武器？以安拉发誓，我们天使还没有放下武器。那么就出发去对付他们吧。"使者（愿安拉赐福他并使他平安）问："去哪里？"吉卜勒伊勒便指向古赖宰部落。先知（愿安拉赐福他并使他平安）命令宣礼员发出邦克，于是他向众人宣告：

1) Bukhari narrated from Aisha that when the Prophet (saw) returned from the battle of Khandaq (ditch) and laid down his arms and took a bath. Jibreel came and said, “You have laid down your arms? By Allah, we angels have not laid them down yet. So set out for them.” The Messenger (saw) asked, “where to go?” so Jibreel pointed towards Banu Qurayzah. The Prophet (saw) instructed the Mu`azzin to give Azan and so he announced to the people:

“凡信仰真主和末日的人，不应在到达banu Qurayzah之前礼晡礼。”于是他们向banu Qurayzah的堡垒进发，但他们对先知（愿真主福安之）所说的话有不同的理解。有些人取字面意思，直到麦加日落后到达banu Qurayzah才礼晡礼。另一些人则理解为应当迅速赶到那里，因此他们在麦地那或途中就礼了晡礼。先知ﷺ听到此事后，认可了他们所有人的做法。32

“Whosoever believes in Allah and the Day of judgement he should not pray Asr except in Bani Qurayzah.” So thy headed towards the fortresses of Bani Qurayzah, however they had different understandings of what the Messenger (saw) had said to them. Some took the literal meaning and they did not pray until they reached Bani Qurayzah after Maghrib. And others took it to mean that they should go there quickly, so they prayed Asr in Madinah or on the way. When the Messenger (saw) heard about this he accepted the action of all them.32

2) 先知（愿真主赐予他平安）派穆阿兹前往也门担任卡迪时所说的话：

2) The saying of the Prophet (saw) when he sent Mu‟adh as Qadi to Yemen:

“你将依据什么来裁决？”他说：依据安拉的经典。先知ﷺ说：如果你在其中找不到呢？他说：那就依据安拉的使者ﷺ的圣行。先知ﷺ说：如果你也找不到呢？他说：“那我就自己运用伊constant智（Ijtihad）。”先知ﷺ说： Note: I corrected a stray error in my draft; the correct rendering of the final line is below. “你将依据什么来裁决？”他说：依据安拉的经典。先知ﷺ说：如果你在其中找不到呢？他说：那就依据安拉的使者ﷺ的圣行。先知ﷺ说：如果你也找不到呢？他说：“那我就运用自己的伊智提哈德（Ijtihad）。”先知ﷺ认可道：

“By what will you pass judgement?‟ He said: By the Book of Allah. The Prophet (saw) said: If you do not find it there? He said: By the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (saw). He said: And if you do not find it? He said: 'I will exercise my own Ijtihad‟. He (saw) said:

“感谢真主，祂使真主的使者的使者，与真主和祂的使者所喜爱的事情相符。”33

“Praise be to Allah who has made the messenger of the Messenger of Allah to accord with what Allah and His Messenger loves.”33

3) 先知的圣训（愿主赐福他并使他平安ﷺ）：

3) The Hadith of the Messenger (saw):

“如果法官作出判决并进行了伊吉提哈德，且判断正确，他将获得两份报酬；如果他犯了错误，他仍将获得一份报酬。”34

“If a judge passes judgment and makes Ijtihad and he is right then he will have two rewards. And if he makes a mistake he will have one.”34

4)真主的使者ﷺ让萨阿德·本·穆阿兹裁断banu古莱扎部族之事,他裁定将其男子处死,妇孺俘虏。使者ﷺ说:

4) The Messenger of Allah (saw) made Sa‟d b. Mu‟adh to judge over Bani Qurayzah so he gave the judgment that they should be killed and their offspring to be taken prisoners. The Messenger (saw) said:

“你所作的判决，来自七重天之上。”35

“You have given a judgment that is from above the seven heavens.”35

由此这些例子可以看出,圣门弟子(Sahabah)在先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)在世时就进行过伊జ્તિહાদ(Ijtihad),先知也接受了他们的伊阇提哈德,并告诉他们:结果正确的人将获得两份报酬,而结果错误的人将获得一份报酬。

From these examples we can see that the Sahabah used to make Ijtihad in the time of the Messenger (saw) and that he used to accept their Ijtihads and tell them that the one who got it right will get two rewards while the one who got it wrong will get one.