阿布·哈尼法·努耳曼·本·萨比特·本·祖塔（公元80–150年/公元700–768年）出生于阿卜杜勒·马利克·本·marwan执政时期。伊玛目阿布·哈尼法经历了倭马亚王朝统治的52年，目睹了包括欧麦尔·本·阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹在内的十位倭马亚哈里发的执政，其时伊玛目年方十八。

Abu Hanifah al Nu‟man ibn Thabit ibn Zuta (80-150 A.H. / 700-768 C.E.) was born during the Khilafah of Abdul Malik bin Marwan. Imam Abu Hanifah lived through 52 years of Umayyad rule and witnessed the Khilafah of ten Umayyad Khulafa including that of Umar bin Abdul Aziz who ruled when the Imam was 18 years of age.

他还经历了阿拔斯王朝的十八年统治，包括萨法赫和曼苏尔的统治。他认识到倭马亚王朝对哈里发职位并无合法主张，但由于人们已向他们宣誓效忠（Bay‟ah），他并未起兵反抗。他对阿拔斯王朝也起初并未公开反对；然而，当他们开始迫害阿里（愿真主喜悦他）的后裔时，他便开始公开发声。伊玛目艾卜·哈尼法因此获得了"伟大的伊玛目"（Imam „Aazam）的称号。伊玛目沙斐仪曾说："人们在教法学（Fiqh）上都要依赖艾卜·哈尼法。"

He also saw 18 years of Abbasid rule, including that of Saffah and Mansoor. He realised that the Ummayyads had no claim on the Khilafah but he did not rebel against them since they were given the Bay‟ah. He also did not speak out against the Abbassids; however, he started doing so when they started harassing the descendants of Ali (ra). Imam Abu Hanifah earned the title of Imam „Aazam (the great Imam). Imam Shafi‟i used to say, “The people in Fiqh are dependent upon Abu Hanifah”.

他出生于库法一个知名的波斯家族,并在那里度过了大部分人生。他的父亲是阿里·本·阿比·塔利卜(愿真主喜悦他)的好友。创立库法学派的两位圣门弟子是阿里·本·阿比·塔利卜(愿真主喜悦他)和阿卜杜拉·本·麦斯欧德(愿真主喜悦他)。他们教导了舒赖哈、阿尔卡姆·本·盖斯、马斯吉德·本·阿尔-阿吉达等再传弟子。这些人又教导了易卜拉欣·安-纳哈仪、艾什-沙比。这两人又教导了哈马德·阿尔-拉维耶,他是艾布·哈尼法的老师。艾布·哈尼法跟随哈马德学习了18年,在哈马德于公元120年去世后接管了他的讲学圈(哈勒卡)。艾布·哈尼法还曾向伊玛目贾法尔·萨迪克求学。

He was born to a well-known Persian family in Kufah and spent most of his life there. His father was a good friend of Ali bin Abi Talib (ra). The two Sahabah (ra) who established the Kufah School were Ali bin Abi Talib (ra) and Abdullah bin Mas‟ood (ra). They taught Tabi‟een like Shurayh, Arqam bin Qais, Masjood bin al-Ajdah. They in turn taught Ibraheem An-Nakha‟ee, Ash-Sha‟bee. These two taught Hammaad Ar-Raawiyyah, who served as the teacher of Imam Abu Hanifah. Abu Hanifah studied with Hammaad for 18 years and took over his study circle (halaqah) after Hammaad‟s death in 120 A.H. Abu Hanifah also studied from Imam Jafar as-Sadiq.

阿布·哈尼法最著名的两位弟子是穆罕默德·本·哈桑·谢巴尼，以及阿布·优素福卡迪。阿布·优素福卡迪在哈伦·拉希德时期担任首席法官，并撰写了著名的《土地税书》（Al-Kharaj），该书详细阐述了伊斯兰的经济制度。阿布·哈尼法的每位弟子都成长为独立的穆查希德（Mujtahid），各自具备发展自身法源学（Usul al-Fiqh）的能力。然而，他们仍然保留了阿布·哈尼法的法源学，并被视为哈乃斐学派（Madhab of Abu Hanifah）的穆查希德。

Abu Hanifah‟s two most famous students were Muhammad bin al-Hasan al-Shaybani, and Qadi Abu Yusuf, who served as Chief Justice in the time of Haroon ar-Rashid and wrote the famous book called Al-Kharaj which detailed the Economic system in Islam. Each of Abu Hanifah‟s students developed into Mujtahids in their own right, with the ability of developing their own Usul al-Fiqh. However, they kept the Usul of Abu Hanifah and were considered Mujtahids of the Madhab of Abu Hanifah.

艾布·哈尼法是一名商人，职业是经营丝绸。年轻时他曾学习过“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”（经院神学），但后来放弃了。有一次他听到儿子哈马德在辩论“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”，便劝阻他不要这样做。儿子问他：您自己过去也常常辩论“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”，为何现在禁止我？艾布·哈尼法回答说：我过去辩论“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”时，是担心别人在某个问题上出错；而你辩论时，却是希望你的对手在某个问题上出错，以便抓住他的失误。凡是希望对手在“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”中出错的人，就意味着他希望对方成为卡菲尔（“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”处理的是信仰（阿给代）的问题），而希望对方成为卡菲尔的人，自己会先于对手成为卡菲尔。所以，不要辩论“伊勒姆·卡拉姆”。

Abu Hanifah was a trader by profession, specialising in silk. In his early life he studied „Ilm ul Kalaam, but abandoned it afterwards. Once he heard his son Hammaad, debating in „Ilm ul Kalaam, he discouraged him from doing so. His son asked him why he was prohibiting him when he himself used to debate in „Ilm ul-Kalaam. Abu Hanifah replied that he used to debate in „Ilm ul Kalaam while being afraid that others would be wrong in an issue. Whereas you are debating with the hope that your opponent would be wrong in an issue in order to exploit his mistake. He who wants his opponent to make a mistake in „Ilm ul Kalaam means that he wants him to be a Kafir („Ilm ul Kalaam deals with the issues of the „Aqeedah), and he who wants his opponent to be a Kafir will become a Kafir before his opponent. So do not debate in „Ilm ul Kalaam.

阿布·哈尼法著有许多著作,他的学生也撰写了许多重要的伊斯兰著作。阿布·哈尼法的著作包括《大教法》(Fiqh ul-Akbar)和《学者与学习者》(Al „Alim-wal-Muta‟allim)。

Abu Hanifah wrote many books, and his students also authored many important books on Islam. The books of Abu Hanifah include Fiqh ul-Akbar and Al „Alim-wal-Muta‟allim.

以下是他的追随者所著名的一些书籍，但不限于此：

Some of the famous books of those who followed his Madhab include, but are not limited to the following:

《哈拉只》（伊斯兰经济制度的教法学）—— 卡迪·艾布·尤素福著。

• Al Kharaj (Fiqh on Islamic Economic System) by Qadi Abu Yusuf.

《Al Mabsoot》，作者：As-Sarkhasee（Fiqh）

• Al Mabsoot by As-Sarkhasee (Fiqh)

《Bada'ee as-Sana'ee》，作者：Al-Kasaanee（教法学）

• Bada‟ee as-Sana‟ee by Al-Kasaanee (Fiqh)

《فتح القدير》 كمال بن الهمام（الفقه）

• Fathul Qadeer by Kamal ibn Humam (Fiqh)

《Kitab-ul Usul-ul Fiqh》，作者 Al Bazdawee（《Usul al-Fiqh》）

• Kitab-ul Usul-ul Fiqh by Al Bazdawee (Usul al-Fiqh)

《Kitab-ul-Aathar》，Yusuf bin Abu Yusuf（圣训）

• Kitab-ul-Aathar by Yusuf bin Abu Yusuf (Hadith)