[Al-Muṭṭawwiʿī:] Men bir marta birovning Ahmad ibn Hanbaldan Payg'ambar ﷺ sahobalarining martabalari haqida so'raganini eshitdim, u shunday javob berdi: "Ular Ibn Umarning hadisiga ko'ra tartiblanishi kerak. Xalifalik masalasiga kelsak, tartib Safinah hadisida berilganidek: birinchi Abu Bakr, so'ng Umar, so'ng Usmon, so'ng Ali." 20.24
[Al-Muṭṭawwiʿī:] I once heard someone ask Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal about the relative merits of the Prophet’s Companions, and he answered, “They should be ranked according to the Hadith of Ibn ʿUmar.137 As far as the caliphate is concerned, the order is the one given in the Hadith of Safīnah: first Abū Bakr, then ʿUmar, then ʿUthmān, then ʿAlī.” 20.24
“Bu rivoyatni Hashraj naql qilganmi?” “Yo‘q, Hammod ibn Salama naql qilgan.” [Muallif:] Bu savol paydo bo‘ldi, chunki Hammod ibn Salama ham, Hashraj ibn Nubatah ham Safinah hadisini naql qilgan, ammo Hashraj ishonchliligi shubhali, Hammod ibn Salama esa namunali rovi hisoblanadi.
“Was that report transmitted by Ḥashraj?” “No, by Ḥammād ibn Salamah.” [The author:] This question arose because both Ḥammād ibn Salamah and Ḥashraj ibn Nubātah transmitted the Hadith of Safīnah, but Ḥashraj is of dubious reliability while Ḥammād ibn Salamah is an exemplar.
[ʿAbdullāh:] Men otamdan Abū Bakr va ʿUmarning jannatda ekanligi haqidagi guvohlik to‘g‘risida so‘radim. U shunday dedi: «Bu to‘g‘ri. Men Saʿīd ibn Zayd rivoyat qilgan hadisga amal qilaman: “Men guvohlik beraman, Nabiy ﷺ jannatda, va uning to‘qqiz sahobasi ham jannatda”». Nabiy ﷺ esa shunday degan: “Jannatdagi odamlar yuz yigirma saf bo‘lib turadilar, ulardan sakson safni mening ummatim to‘ldiradi”. Agar uning sahobalari bu ro‘yxatga kirmasa, unda kim kiradi?» 20.25
[ʿAbd Allāh:] I asked my father about the testimony that Abū Bakr and ʿUmar are in the Garden. He said, “It’s true. I follow the Hadith of Saʿīd ibn Zayd, which says, ‘I testify that the Prophet is in the Garden, and so are his nine Companions.’ And the Prophet, God bless and keep him, said, ‘The people in the Garden stand in a hundred and twenty rows, of which eighty are filled by members of my community.’ If his Companions aren’t included, then who would be?” 20.25
[Al-Maymūnī:] Ahmad ibn Hanbal menga dedi: "Abul Hasan, agar sen Payg'ambarning sahobalari haqida biror yomon gap aytayotganini eshitsang, uning islomiga shubha qil." 20.26
[Al-Maymūnī:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal said to me, “Abū l-Ḥasan, if you hear anyone saying anything bad about the Companions of the Prophet, God bless and keep him, then you should doubt his Islam.” 20.26
[Aḥmad:] Xudo Elchisi ﷺ kasallanib qolganlarida, Abu Bakrni namozga imomlik qilish uchun yubordilar, holbuki, Qur'onni undan yaxshiroq o'qiydiganlar ham bor edi.
[Aḥmad:] When God’s Emissary, God bless and keep him, fell ill, he sent Abū Bakr to lead the ritual prayer even though there were others who were better readers.
Maqsad xalifa kim bo'lishi kerakligini ko'rsatish edi. 20.27
The point was to show who the caliph should be. 20.27
[Ahmad:] Bu ummatning Payg'ambardan keyingi eng yaxshi kishisi Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, so'ngra Umar ibn al-Xattob, so'ngra Usmon ibn Affon bo'ldilar. Biz bu uch kishini Payg'ambar ﷺ ning sahobalari qilganidek birinchi o'ringa qo'yamiz, bu borada hech qanday ixtilof yo'q.
[Aḥmad:] The best member of this community, after the Prophet, was Abū Bakr the Righteous, then ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, then ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān. We put those three first, as the Companions of God’s Emissary did, with no difference of opinion.
Keyin Shūrā kengashining besh a'zosi keladi: ʿAlī, al-Zubayr, Ṭalḥah, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAvf va Saʿd. Ulardan istalgani xalifa bo'lishi mumkin edi va ularning barchasi ibrat namunasidir. Bu Ibn ʿUmarning quyidagi rivoyati bilan izohlanadi: «Alloh Elchisi ﷺ hayot ekanlarida, sahobalari ko'p bo'lgan vaqtda, biz ularni sanaganimizda: Abu Bakr, ʿUmar va ʿUsmon, deb aytib, shu bilan to'xtar edik».
20.28
Next come the five members of the Shūrā Council: ʿAlī, al-Zubayr, Ṭalḥah, ʿAbd al- Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf, and Saʿd. Any one of them could have been caliph, and all of them are exemplars. This follows the report where Ibn ʿUmar says, “While God’s Emissary, God bless and keep him, was alive, and his Companions were numerous, we used to list them by saying Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, and ʿUthmān, and then stopping.” 20.28
Shuradan keyin Badr jangida qatnashgan Muhojirlar keladi, so'ngra o'sha jangda qatnashgan Ansorlar, ularning hijrat qilgan yoki Islomni qabul qilgan vaqtlariga ko'ra tartibda. Ulardan keyin sahobalar keladi, ya'ni elchi yuborilgan avlodning sahobalari.
After the Council members come the Emigrants who fought at Badr, then the Helpers who fought there, in order of their emigration or acceptance of Islam. After these come the Companions—that is, of the generation the Emissary was sent to.
Kimki uning suhbatida bir yil, yoki bir oy, yoki bir kun, yoki bir soat bo'lgan yoki uni ko'rgan bo'lsa, u sahobiy hisoblanadi. U Payg'ambar ﷺ bilan qancha vaqt birga bo'lgani, Islomni qachon qabul qilgani va uning so'zini qanchalik tez-tez eshitgani yoki unga qanchalik ko'p qarab turgani bilan baholanib, hurmat qilinadi.
Anyone who was in his company for a year, or a month, or a day, or an hour, or saw him, counts as a Companion, to be honored according to the length of time he spent with him and how soon he started, or how often he heard him speak, or looked at him.
Ushbu avlodning eng kam martabali a'zosi ham o'zini ko'rmagan avlod a'zolarining hech biridan ustundir. Alloh huzuriga borganlarida, Payg'ambarga ergashgan, uni ko'rgan va uning so'zlarini eshitgan kishilar, hatto keyingi avlod kishilari qanday yaxshi amallar qilgan bo'lsalar ham, sahobiy bo'lganliklari sababli ulardan ko'ra ko'proq fazilatga ega bo'ladilar. Kim biror sahobani kamsitsa, uning qilgan biror ishi uchun yoqtirmasa yoki uning kamchiliklarini sanab o'tirsa, u barcha sahobalarni ularga nisbatan hech qanday ichki noroziliksiz duo qilmaguncha, xavfli bid'atlarning tarafdori bo'lib qoladi. 20.29
The least distinguished member of that generation is more distinguished than any member of the generation that never saw him. When they meet God, those who joined the Prophet, saw him, and heard him speak will have greater merit by virtue of their being his Companions than any member of the next generation, even if the latter should have done all manner of good deeds. Anyone who disparages a Companion, or dislikes him for something he may have done, or lists his faults, remains a supporter of dangerous novelties138 until he blesses them all, without any ill feeling. 20.29