Al-Vasiq bilan tajribasi
His Experience With Al-wathiq
Rabiʻ I 227 [January 842] oyida al-Mu'tasimning o'g'li Abu Ja'far Horun al-Vosiq xalifalikka o'tdi. Ibn Abu Du'od uni Qur'onning yaratilganligi masalasida odamlarni sinovdan o'tkazishni davom ettirishga ko'ndirgan bo'lsa-da, u Ahmad bilan yana to'qnashuvdan qochdi — yo uning zulmga bardosh berish qobiliyatini bilgani uchun, yo Ahmad jazolansa yuz berishi mumkin bo'lgan oqibatdan qo'rqqani uchun. Biroq u unga xat yozib: "Hech qachon bir joyda uchrashib qolmaylik, ehtiyot bo'l", dedi. Shunga ko'ra Ahmad al-Vosiqning hukmronligi davomida yashirinib yurdi.
In Rabīʿ I 227 [January 842], Abū Jaʿfar Hārūn al-Wāthiq, son of al-Muʿtaṣim, succeeded to the caliphate. Although Ibn Abī Duʾād persuaded him to continue putting people to the test over the createdness of the Qurʾan, he avoided another confrontation with Aḥmad, either because he was aware of his ability to withstand coercion or because he was afraid of what would happen if Aḥmad were punished. He did, however, write to him saying, “Take care that we never find each other in the same place.” Aḥmad accordingly went into hiding for the remainder of al-Wāthiq’s reign.
Bir necha oy davomida bir joydan ikkinchi joyga ko‘chib yurganidan so‘ng, Ahmad o‘z uyiga yashirinib oldi va al-Vosiq vafot etguncha o‘sha yerda qoldi. 72.1
After several months spent moving from one place to another, Aḥmad disappeared into his house, where he remained until al-Wāthiq died. 72.1
[Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī:] Qochib yurganida Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Hāniʾ al-Naysābūriy huzurida qoldi. 72.2
[Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī:] When he was a fugitive, Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal stayed with Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Hāniʾ al-Naysābūrī. 72.2
Muallif: Ishoqning otasi, Ibrohim ibn Honiʼ, ba'zan o'rniga boshqa nom bilan ham tilga olinadi, lekin uy bir va aynan o'sha.
[The author:] Isḥaq’s father, Ibrāhīm ibn Hāniʾ, is sometimes named instead, but the house is one and the same.
[Al-Baghawiy:] 28-yil boshida [842-yil oxirida] men Ahmad ibn Hanbalning Muoviya rivoyat qilgan hadisini tinglaganman, unda Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday deydilar: "Bu dunyoda balo va sinovdan boshqa hech narsa qolmaydi, shuning uchun sabr-toqatli bo'lishga tayyorlaning." 72.3
[Al-Baghawī:] At the beginning of ’28 [late in 842], I heard Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal recite the Hadith reported by Muʿawiyah where the Prophet, God bless and keep him, says, “Nothing remains in this present world but adversity and tribulation, so prepare yourselves to be steadfast.” 72.3
Keyin u: "Ey Xudo, Sening amringni qabul qildim", deb takror-takror aytdi.
Afterward he said, “God, I accept Your charge,” over and over.
Ibrohim ibn Honiy: Ahmad ibn Hanbal mening uyimda uch kun yashirinib yotdi. Keyin u: "Menga boshqa joy topib ber", dedi. 72.4
[Ibrāhīm ibn Hāniʾ:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal hid at my place for three days. Then he said, “Find me somewhere else to go.” 72.4
Men unga xavfsiz emasligini aytdim, lekin u turib oldi va menga kerakli narsani aytib berishini va'da qildi, agar men uning so'raganini qilsam. Shuning uchun men unga borishi uchun joy topdim. U ketayotganda dedi: "Xudoning Elchisi ﷺ uch kun g'orda yashirindi, so'ng boshqa joyga ko'chdi va yaxshi kunlarda uning namunasiga ergashib, yomon kunlarda ergashmaslik noto'g'ri."414
I told him it wasn’t safe, but he insisted, and promised to tell me something useful if I did as he asked. So I found a place for him to go. As he was leaving, he said, “The Emissary of God hid in a cave for three days and then moved elsewhere, and it’s wrong to follow his example in good times but not in bad.”414
Ibrohim ibn Honiy: Ahmad ibn Hanbal mening uyimda uch kecha yashirindi. Keyin u: "Menga boshqa biror joy toping", dedi. 72.5
[Ibrāhīm ibn Hāniʾ:] Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal hid at my place for three nights. Then he said, “Find me somewhere else to go.” 72.5
Men unga xavfsiz emasligini aytdim. U javob berdi: "PayG'ambar (s.a.v.) uch kun g'orda yashirinib, so'ngra boshqa joyga ko'chgan, va yaxshi paytda uning namunasiga ergashib, yomon paytda ergashmaslik noto'g'ri." Fath qo'shimcha qildi: Men bu rivoyatni Solih va Abdulloh uchun o'qidim, ular buni birinchi marta eshitayotganlarini aytdilar. Shuningdek, Ibrohimning o'g'li Ishoq uchun ham o'qidim, u esa otasi unga hech qachon bunday gap aytmaganini aytdi.
I told him it wasn’t safe. He replied, “The Prophet, God bless and keep him, hid in a cave for three days and then moved elsewhere, and it’s wrong to follow his example in good times but not in bad.” Fatḥ added: I recited this report for Ṣāliḥ and ʿAbd Allāh, who said it was the first they had heard of it. I also recited it for Ibrāhīm’s son Isḥāq, who said that his father had never said any such thing to him.
[Abū Zurʿah:] Men Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbaldan so'radim: u al-Mu'tasimning qilichidan va al-Vosiqning qamchisidan qanday omon qolganini. U javob berdi: "Har qanday yaraga rostgo'ylikni qo'llang, u bitadi."415 72.6
[Abū Zurʿah:] I asked Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal how he had escaped al-Muʿtaṣim’s sword and al-Wāthiq’s lash. He said, “Apply truthfulness to any wound, and it heals.”415 72.6
Qo'shimcha
Addendum
Rivoyat qilinishicha, al-Vosiq bir munozarani tomosha qilib, to‘g‘ri yo‘lga ishonch hosil qilgach, tafsh (mehnat) tergovini to‘xtatgan.416 72.7
It is reported that al-Wāthiq put an end to the Inquisition after watching a debate that persuaded him of the better course.416 72.7
[Al-Muhtadiy:] Otam al-Vosiq qachon kimnidir qatl qilmoqchi bo'lsa, biz majlisda hozir bo'lardik. Bir kuni bo'yoqlangan soqoli bor bir keksa odamni, oyoqlari zanjirlangan holda olib kelishdi. Otam Ibn Abu Du'od va uning hamrohlarini chaqirdi, so'ngra odamni oldinga olib kelishni buyurdi. 72.8
[Al-Muhtadī:] Whenever my father al-Wāthiq was going to execute anyone, we would attend the session. One day an elderly man with a dyed beard was brought in, weighed down with fetters. My father summoned Ibn Abī Duʾād and his associates, then had the man brought forward. 72.8
“Assalomu alaykum”, — dedi oqsoqol.
“Peace be upon you,” said the elder.
"Xudo sizga tinchlik bermasin!" — deb javob qaytardi otam.
“May God not grant you peace!” retorted my father.
“Amir al-mu’minin,” dedi keksa kishi, “sizni yomon tarbiyalashibdi. Olloh taolo aytadi: «Sizga kimdir salom bersa, undan yaxshiroq salom bering yoki hech bo‘lmaganda o‘sha salomni qaytaring»417. Sizesa, na salomimni qaytardingiz, na undan yaxshiroq salom berdingiz.” “Ko‘rinishidan, bizda bahsda mohir bir kishi bor ekan”, dedi Ibn Abu Du’od.
“Commander of the Faithful,” said the elder, “you’ve been poorly raised. God says «When you are greeted by anyone, respond with a better greeting or at least return it.»417 But you neither returned my greeting nor offered a better one.” “It seems we have a debater on our hands,” said Ibn Abī Duʾād.
"Unda bahslash, unda," dedi otam.
“Debate him, then,” said my father.
"Ey chol! Qur'on haqida nima deysan?" 72.9
“Old man! What do you say regarding the Qurʾan?” 72.9
“Bu olmaydi. Avval so‘rayman.” “Marhamat, so‘rang.” “Qur’on haqida nima deysiz?” “U yaratilgan narsa.” “Buni Payg‘ambar ﷺ, Abu Bakr, ʿUmar, ʿUsmon, ʿAli va Rosshid xalifalar bilganmilar yoki yo‘qmi?” “Ular bilishmagan.” Qariya hayqirdi: “Xudo bizni asrasin!” “Payg‘ambar ﷺ ham, Abu Bakr ham, ʿUmar ham, ʿUsmon ham, ʿAli ham, Rosshid xalifalar ham buni bilishmagan, lekin siz bilasiz!” Ibn Abu Du’od lol qoldi va xijolat bo‘ldi. “Bir daqiqa vaqt bering”, dedi u.