Yin Almundahana da Dukiyar Ganima, Kudin Musulmi ko Zakka
Misappropriating Spoils of War, Muslim Funds or Zakat
Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki yana cewa, { Idan ka ji tsoron cin amana daga wata ƙungiya, ka mayar musu da alkawarinsu (domin ku zama daidai), gama Allah ba ya son maciya amana.} (8:58)
Allah Most High says, { If thou fearest treachery from any group, throw back (their covenant) to them, (so as to be) on equal terms: for Allah loveth not the treacherous.} (8:58)
Ya kuma ce, {Babu wani Annabi da zai taɓa yin ha'inci. Duk wanda ya yi ha'inci, a Ranar Alkiyama zai mayar da abin da ya handame, sa'an nan kuma kowace rai za a cika mata abin da ta aikata, ba za a zalunce su ba.} (2:161)
He says too, {No Prophet could ever act dishonestly. If any person acts dishonestly he shall, on the Day of Judgement, restore what he misappropriated, then shall every soul receive its due whatever it earned.} (2:161)
Abu Hurairah ya ji Manzon Allah ﷺ yana ambaton Ghulul, yana jaddada girmansa, yana kuma bayyana cewa babban zunubi ne, yana cewa: "Kada ku yi Ghulul, domin ba zan so ganin wani daga cikinku a ranar Alkiyama yana dauke a wuyansa da raƙumi mai yin ruri ba. Irin wannan mutum zai ce: 'Ya Manzon Allah! Ka yi mini ceto wurin Allah!' Sai in ce: 'Ba zan iya taimakon ka ba, domin na isar da saƙon Allah gare ka.' Haka nan ba zan so ganin wani mutum yana dauke a wuyansa da doki mai yin hargowa ba. Irin wannan mutum zai ce: 'Ya Manzon Allah! Ka yi mini ceto wurin Allah!' Sai in amsa: 'Ba zan iya taimakon ka ba, domin na isar da saƙon Allah gare ka.'"
Abu Hurairah heard the Prophet (pbuh) mentioning Ghulul, emphasizing its magnitude, and declaring that it was a grave sin, saying, "Do not commit Ghalul, for I would not like to see anyone amongst you on the day of Judgement, carrying over his neck a camel that will be grunting. Such a man will say,"O Allah's Apostle! Intercede with Allah for me!" and I will say," I cannot help you for I conveyed Allahs’ message to you. Nor would I like to see a man carrying over his neck a horse that will be neighing. Such a man will be saying," O Allahs' Apostle! Intercede with Allah for me!" and I will reply," I cannot help you, for I conveyed Allahs' message to you".
Kuma ba zan so in ga wani mutum yana ɗauke a wuyansa da tunkiya tana ihu ba, ko wanda yake ɗauke a wuyansa da rai mai kuka ba, ko wanda yake ɗauke a wuyansa da tufafi suna kaɗawa ba, ko wanda yake ɗauke a wuyansa da zinariya da azurfa ba. Irin waɗannan mutane za su ce, "Ya Manzon Allah! Ka roƙe mana Allah ceto!" Sai in ce, "Ba zan iya taimaka muku ba, domin na isar muku da saƙon Allah ﷺ."1
Nor should I like to see a man carrying over his neck a sheep that will be bleating, or one carrying over his neck a crying soul, or one carrying over his neck clothes which will be fluttering, or one carrying over his neck gold and silver. Such men will be saying,' 0 Allah's Apostle! Intercede with Allah for us, and I will say," I cannot help you for I conveyed Allah's message to you.”1
Duk wanda ya dauki wani abu daga cikin wadannan nau'ikan ganima kafin a raba su ga mayaka, ko wani abu daga dukiyar baitulmalin Musulmi ba tare da izinin Imam ba, ko wani abu daga asusun zakka wanda aka tanada domin talakawa, zai zo ranar Alkiyama yana dauke da shi a wuyansa.
Whosoever takes from these kinds of the spoils before they are distributed among the fighters or something from the Muslim's common treasury without the Imam's permission, or something from the Zakat fund which is assigned to the poor, will come on the Day of Judgement carrying it on his neck.
Annabi ﷺ ya ce, "Ku mayar da (komai) har zaren da allura, ku guji Ghalul, domin yana kunyatar da mutum (wanda ya aikata shi) a Ranar Alƙiyama."2
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Render back (even) the thread and the needle, and shun Ghalul, for it puts man (who commits it) to shame on the Day of Judgement.”2
Annabi ﷺ ya naɗa wani mutum mai suna "Ibn Al-Lutaibah don karɓar Zakka. Sa'ad da ya dawo, ya ce, "Wannan (watau Zakkar) na ku ce, kuma wannan an ba ni ta kyauta:" sai Annabi ﷺ ya hau mimbari ya yi huɗuba, yana cewa, "Na rantse da Allah, duk wanda ya ɗauki wani abu daga dukiyar Zakka (ba bisa ka'ida ba), zai haɗu da Allah yana ɗauke da shi a wuyansa a Ranar Tashin Alƙiyama.
The Prophet appointed a man named "Ibn Al-Lutaibah for collecting the Zakah. When he returned he said, "This (i.e. the Zakah) is for you and this has been given to me as a present: whereupon, the Prophet ascended the pulpit and gave a sermon, saying, "By Allah, whoever takes something from the resources of the Zakat (unlawfully) will meet Allah carrying it on his neck on the Day of Resurrection.
Lallai, ina iya sanin wani daga cikinku da zai zo ya sadu da Allah yana dauke a wuyansa da raƙumi mai yin kuka, ko saniya mai yin ruri, ko tumaki mai yin ihu. Sai Annabi ﷺ ya ɗaga hannayensa har muka ga fararen hammatarsa, ya ce sau uku: "Ya Allah! Shin ban isar da saƙonka a gare su ba?"3
Verily, I may know one of you who will meet Allah carrying on his neck a camel what will be grunting, or a cow that will be mooing, or a sheep that will be bleating. Then the Prophet raised his hands till we saw the whiteness of his armpits, and he said thrice "0 Allah! Have I not conveyed your message (to them)?”3
Abu Hurairah ya ruwaito cewa: "Sa'ad da muka ci Khaibar, ba mu sami zinariya ko azurfa a matsayin ganima ba, sai dai mun sami kaya, abinci da tufafi. Sa'an nan muka tafi tare da Manzon Allah ﷺ zuwa kwarin "Al-Qira", a wannan lokaci Manzon Allah ﷺ yana da wani bawa nasa mai suna "Rifa'ah bn Yazid", wanda wani mutum da ke da kuturta ya ba shi kyauta."
Abu Hurairah narrated, "When we conquered Khaibar, we gained neither gold nor silver as booty, but we gained goods, food and clothes. Then we departed with Allah's apostle to the valley of " Al-Qira", and at that time Allah's apostle had a slave of his called "Rifa'ah lbn Yazid who had been presented to him by a man who had leprosy.
Yayin da bawan yake sauka daga sirdin manzon Allah, sai wata kibiya (wanda ya harba ba a san shi ba) ta zo ta same shi. Mutane suka ce, "Taya shi murna da shahada!" Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce, "A'a, na rantse da wanda raina yake a hannunsa, lallai ya dauki wani zani (ba bisa ka'ida ba) a ranar Khaibar daga cikin ganima kafin a raba ta, kuma yanzu ya zama wuta mai ci tana konawa." Da mutumin ya ji haka, sai wani mutum ya kawo wa Annabi ﷺ igiyar takalma guda ko biyu, ya ce, "Wadannan abubuwan ne da na dauka (ba bisa ka'ida ba)." Sai Annabi ﷺ ya ce, "Wannan igiya ce, ko kuwa wadannan igiyoyi biyu ne, na wuta."
While the slave was dismounting the saddle of Allah's apostle, an arrow (its thrower was unknown) came and hit him. The people said, " Congratulations to him on his martyrdom". Allah's apostle said," No, by him in whose hand is my soul, he had a sheet (of cloth) which he had taken (illegally) on the day of Khaibar from the booty before its distribution and has become a flame of fire burning him.” On hearing that, a man brought one or two leather straps of shoes to the Prophet and said, "These are the things I took (illegally)” “This is a strap, or these are two straps, of fire", the Prophet said.” 1
Abdullahi ɗan ʿAmr ya ruwaito cewa: "Akwai wani mutum da yake kula da iyalan Annabi ﷺ da dukiyoyinsa, ana kiransa 'Karkarah'. Mutumin ya mutu, sai Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce: 'Yana cikin wutar Jahannama.' Mutane suka je su duba shi, sai suka tarar a wurinsa da wata riga da ya sace daga cikin ganimar yaƙi."2
`Abdullah Ibn ' Amr related, "There was a man who looked after the family and the belongings of the Prophet was called "Karkarah." The man died and Allah's apostle said," He is in the Hell fire. The people then went to look at him and found in his place a cloak he has stolen from the war booty.”2
Zaid Ibn Khalid AI-Juhani ya ruwaito cewa: "Wani mutum ya sace wani abu daga cikin ganimar Khaibar. Saboda haka, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ki yin sallar jana'iza a kansa, sai ya ce wa sahabbansa: "Ku yi sallah a kan abokin ku," (ni kuwa ba zan yi masa ba, domin ya yi sata (daga cikin ganimar yaƙi) a hanyar Allah)." Zaid ya ƙara da cewa: "Sai muka bincika kayan wannan mutum, muka tarar da wasu 'ya'yan pear na Yahudawa a cikinsu, waɗanda darajarsu ta kai dirhami biyu."
Zaid Ibn Khalid AI-Juhani narrated, "A man has stolen something from the booty of Khaibar. As a result, the Prophet refused to observe the funeral prayer for him and said to his companions " Observe prayer for your fellowman, (and I would never observe it for him because he has stolen (from the booty obtained from war) in the way of Allah" Zaid added, "We, then, searched that man, luggage and found therein some of the Jews pear's which were worth two drachmas.” 3
Imam Ahmad ya ruwaito, "Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ki yin sallar jana ga kowa sai wanda ya yi satar ganima, da wanda ya kashe kansa." Annabi ﷺ ya ce, "Kyautukan da ake bai wa ma'aikatan gwamnati nau'i ne na Ghulul." Kuma akwai hadisai da yawa na Annabi ﷺ a kan wannan magana, wasu daga cikinsu an ambace su a babin "Zalunci".4
Imam Ahmad related, "Allah's apostle avoided prayer for none but the one who had stolen from the war booty and the one who had committed suicide. The Prophet said, "The gifts presented to official employees are a sort of Ghulul." And there are numerous Prophetic traditions related to this point, and some of them are mentioned in the chapter of "Injustice"4
Zalunci, gabaɗaya, za a iya raba shi zuwa nau'i uku:
Injustice, generally speaking, may be classified into three categories:
a) Lalata dukiyar mutum da tashin hankali.
a) To violently spoil one's property.
b) Yin zalunci ta hanyar kashe mutane, dukansu ko raunata su ba bisa adalci ba.
b) To act tyrannically by unjustly killing, beating or wounding people.
c) Don zagi, la'ana, zage da cin zarafin mutane cikin tsananin tashin hankali. Annabi, yayin da yake a "Mina", ya yi hudubar da ta ƙare da cewa:
c) To aggressively insult, curse, slander and ill-treat people. The Prophet, while being at "Mina" gave a sermon that ended:
Ya ku mutane! Dukiyoyinku da mutuncinku suna da tsarki ga juna kamar yadda wannan rana, wannan wata, da wannan gari suke da tsarki.” da kuma: sallah ba ta inganta ba sai da alwala, kuma sadaka ba ta halatta daga Ghalul ba.” 5
"0 People! Your belongings, and your honor are sacred to each other as sacred as this day, this month, and this city.” and: prayer is invalid without ablution, and charity is unlawful from Ghalul.” 5
1 Muslim ne ya ruwaito shi.
1 Reported by Muslim.
2 An ruwaito shi daga Abu Dawud.
2 Reported by Abu Dawud.
3 Al-Bukhari da Muslim ne suka ruwaito shi.
3 Reported by A1-Bukhari and Muslim.
.
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1 Al-Bukhari ne ya ruwaito shi.
1 Reported by Al-Bukhari.
2 Al-Bukhari ne ya ruwaito shi.
2 Reported by A1-Bukhari.
Abu Dawud ne ya ruwaito shi.
3 Reported by Abu Dawud.
Musnad na Imam Ahmad.
4 Musnad of Imam Ahmad.
Ruwaitar Al-Bukhari ce.
5 Reported by AI-Bukhari.