这一段经文只谈论信士，并且是对信士说的，specifically对那一群独特而幸福的信士。他们在树下向先知ﷺ立下誓约和承诺，有见证者真主在场，祂亲自见证这一誓约，并将祂的手放在他们的手上。

This part of the surah speaks only about and with the believers, with that unique and happy group of them who gave their pledges and commitments to the Prophet under the tree, in the presence of God, the witness who solemnized that pledge placing His hand over theirs.

那一精英群体听到了真主向祂的使者所降示的话语：“当信士们在树下向你宣誓效忠时，真主确已喜悦他们。祂知道他们内心所怀，便使安宁降临到他们身上，并以速胜作为对他们的酬报。”（第18节）他们也听到先知对他们说：“你们今天是世上最优秀的人。”[布哈里根据扎比尔·本·阿卜杜拉的转述而记载。] 我们在此看到的，是真主对祂的使者谈论这一精选群体的言辞。我们也看到真主对这一群体所说的话，向他们报告即将到来的战争胜利与征服的喜讯。

That elite group heard God’s words revealed to His Messenger: “ God was indeed wellpleased with the believers when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts and so He sent down tranquillity upon them, and rewarded them with a speedy victory. ” (Verse 18) They also listened to the Prophet as he said to them: “You are today the best people on earth.” [Related by al-Bukhari on the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah.] What we have here is a discourse about this select group as God speaks to His Messenger. We also have Gods words to this select group, giving them the happy news of forthcoming war gains and conquests.

真主也谈到了祂对他们的眷顾，在这次旅途中保护他们免受敌人的伤害，并谈到祂将来要为他们所做的事，借着祂所设立的、永不失效的法则，向他们保证必将获得胜利。祂严厉谴责穆斯林群体的敌人，阐明此次选择和平的智慧，并证实先知关于进入圣寺的梦境是真实的。祂向穆斯林保证，他们将平安地进入圣寺，无所畏惧；祂的宗教必将凌驾于地上的一切宗教之上。

God also speaks about the care He took of them, protecting them from their enemies, during this trip and what He will do for them in future, assuring them of victory by means of the laws He has set in operation, which never fail. He strongly condemns the enemies of the Muslim community, explains the wisdom behind choosing peace this time, confirming the truth of the Prophets dream about visiting the Sacred Mosque. He assures the Muslims that they will enter it in safety, fearing nothing, and that His faith will prevail over all religions on earth.

该章以一节经文作结，描述了这群信士，即先知的同伴，并提到他们的特征也记载于《讨拉特》和《福音书》之中，同时提到真主应许宽恕他们的罪过，并赐予他们伟大的回报。

The surah concludes with a verse describing this community of believers, the Prophets Companions, adding their descriptions to be found in the Torah and the Gospels, as well as His promise of forgiveness of their sins and granting them a great reward.

真主确实喜悦信士们在树下向你宣誓效忠。他知道他们内心所怀的，于是降下安宁临于他们身上，并以迅速的胜利和许多可得的战利品作为对他们的酬报。真主是全能的，是至睿的。（第18-19节）

God was indeed well pleased with the believers when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts and so He sent down tranquillity upon them, and rewarded them with a speedy victory, and with many war gains for them to take. God is Almighty, Wise. (Verses 18-19)

今天，距离那件事发生已经过去了一千四百年，我试图想象那个伟大的时刻：宇宙见证了至高者从天上发出的神圣宣告，真主对祂可信赖的使者宣布了关于穆斯林群体的消息。我想看到那一刻的整个宇宙，以及它的灵性如何回应这份最为尊贵的宣告，宣告所讲述的是宇宙中某个特定地点的一群人。我想感受那些极为喜悦的人们，当他们亲耳听到真主在谈论他们，告诉他们祂已对他们十分喜悦，并界定了他们所在的地点和他们为赢得祂的喜悦所做之事时，他们的心情如何：“当时他们在树下向你宣誓效忠。”（第18节）他们都是从先知ﷺ口中听到这些的，而先知ﷺ从不说假话，他是作为真主的特别启示来传达这一切的。

Today, fourteen hundred years after the event, I am trying to visualize the great moment when the universe witnessed the divine announcement from on high addressed by God Almighty to His trusted Messenger concerning the Muslim community. I want to see the whole universe at that great moment and its conscience as it responds to this most generous announcement, speaking of a group of people at a particular spot in this universe. I want to feel how those extremely happy people felt when they heard, with their own ears, that God was speaking about them, telling them that He was well pleased with them, defining the place where they were and what they had done in order to earn His pleasure: “when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree.” (Verse 18) They heard it all from the Prophet who never said anything but the truth, delivering it as a special message from God Almighty.

哦，我的主！那些幸福的人，在那极其喜悦的时刻，是如何领受那份神圣的启示的？这启示指向他们每一个人，对他们说："真主亲自对你说，你们在树下宣誓效忠时，祂很喜悦你们。祂知晓你们内心的感受，并降下安宁于你们。"当我们读到或听到真主的话："真主是信士的保护者"（2:257），或"真主与坚忍者同在"（2:153）时，我们可能会感到欣慰和安心，希望自己也能被列入其中。然而，那些人听到的，是真主在specifically地、个别地对他们说话，告诉他们每一个人，祂因他们心中所怀而喜悦他们。这确实是莫大的恩典！"当时，信士们在树下向你宣誓效忠，真主确实很喜悦他们。祂知道他们心中所想，便降下安宁于他们，并以即将到来的胜利作为报答。"（第18节） 祂知道，他们心中燃烧的热忱是为了信仰，而非为了自我或个人的荣耀。祂知道他们的誓言是真诚的，他们严格约束自己，以便在先知身后真心追随，遵从他的命令，并以耐心承受任何艰难。因此，"祂降下安宁于他们"。我们几乎能看到这份安宁从天上平静而庄重地降下，将平和与安慰倾注于那些充满行动热情的心灵之中。

O my God! How did they - those happy people - receive that divine communication at that ecstatic moment? It is a communication that points to every single one of them and says, “to you in person God is saying that He was well pleased with you as you pledged your allegiance under the tree. He was aware of your inner feelings and He bestowed tranquillity on you.” When we read or hear Gods statement: “God is the Patron of the believers” (2: 257) or, “God is with those who are patient” (2: 153) we may feel happy and reassured, hoping that we may be included among such. Those people, however, heard that God was speaking about them personally and individually, telling each of them that He was well pleased with them, knowing what was in their hearts. That is great indeed! “God was indeed well pleased with the believers when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts and so He sent down tranquillity upon them, and rewarded them with a speedy victory” (Verse 18) He knew that the passion they felt in their hearts was for their faith, not for their ego or for personal glory. He knew that their pledges were sincere, and that they were seriously restraining themselves so that they would stand behind the Prophet in all sincerity, obeying his orders, accepting any adversity with patience. Therefore, “He sent down tranquillity upon them” We almost see this tranquillity being lowered calmly and with dignity, pouring an air of peace and reassurance on those hearts that were full of enthusiasm for direct action.

现在这一章直接向信士们说话，谈到他们所甘愿接受的和约，或是胜利。

Now the surah addresses the believers themselves, speaking to them of the peace treaty, or victory, to which they resigned themselves:

真主已经应许你们（众人），你们将获得许多战利品。

God has promised you [people] many war gains that you shall achieve.

他使你们提前获得了这份胜利，并阻止了敌人的手伸向你们，以此作为对信士们的一个迹象。

He has hastened this gain for you and He has held back the hands of hostile people from you, so that this may become a sign for the believers.

他将引导你走上正路。还有其他的收获即将到来，而这些仍在你的能力之外。真主对它们拥有全部的掌控。真主对万物都有大能。（第20-21节）

He will guide you on a straight way. There are still other gains to come, which are still beyond your power. God has full control over them. God has power over all things. (Verses 20-21)

这是一则关于将要发生的喜讯的宣告,由真主赐予那些确信其为真实的信士。他们意识到,真主为他们预备了众多的收获,而他们后来活到了亲眼见证这一真实应许以最佳方式实现的那一天。真主在此告诉他们,祂已经加速了这一件事。这可能是指侯代比叶和议,正如伊本·阿拔斯所说,以强调它是一次胜利,事实也确是如此;也可能是指海拜尔之战,正如穆佳希德所说,因为海拜尔是侯代比叶和议之后最先带来战利品的战役。前一种观点或许更有分量。

This is an announcement of happy things to happen, given by God to the believers who accept it as certain. They realize that God has prepared for them numerous gains and they lived afterwards to see this true promise fulfilled in the best way. God says to them here that He has hastened this one, which may be a reference to al-Hudaybiyah, as stated by Ibn ‘Abbas, to emphasize its being a victory, as indeed it was, or it may be a reference to Khaybar, as Mujahid says, since Khaybar produced the first war gains after al-Hudaybiyah. The first view is perhaps much weightier.

真主也施恩于他们，制止了敌对势力的手。他确实阻止了古莱什人以及其他一直伺机攻击穆斯林的敌对群体的手。

God also granted them a favour when He restrained the hands of hostile forces. He indeed held back the hands of the Quraysh, as well as other hostile groups who were waiting for a chance to attack the Muslims.

尽管敌人的人数远远超过他们，信士们却忠于自己的誓约，尽到了自己的责任。因此，真主以约束和阻止敌人之手作为对他们的回报。

Their opponents outnumbered them by far, but the believers were true to their pledges, fulfilling their duties. Therefore, God rewarded them by restraining and holding back their enemies’ hands.

“以便这成为信士们的一个迹象”（第20节）。他们起初不喜欢这次相遇，觉得这要求太过分。真主将这次相遇描述为一个伟大的迹象，它将使他们看到祂为他们所定之事的结果，以及他们因顺从先知和服从祂的旨意而将得到怎样的回报。这样，他们将认识到这件事是伟大的，给他们带来许多益处，并且他们将得到双重的安慰。

“So that this may become a sign for the believers(Verse 20) This encounter, which they disliked at first, feeling it to be too much of a demand, is described by God as a great sign, which will enable them to see the results of what He has planned for them and how they will be rewarded for obeying the Prophet and submitting to His will. Thus, they will come to realize that it is great, bringing them much benefit, and they will be doubly reassured.

随后，这一章经文告诉信士们，他们的对手在真主面前处于什么地位。它解释了真主如何看待那些阻止信士进入祂的圣殿的不信者的行为，以及祂看待信士的方式与那些人截然不同：

The surah then tells the believers about their opponents’ position in Gods sight. It explains how God considers the unbelievers’ actions as they turn the believers away from His Sacred House, and how He looks at the believers in a totally different way from these others:

他们就是不信道的人，他们阻止你们进入禁寺，也阻止祭牲到达献祭的地方。如果没有信道的男人和女人，是你们不认识的，你们可能不知不觉地践踏了他们，从而无意中使你们因他们而蒙受罪过……真主愿意让谁进入他的恩惠之中，就让谁进入。假如他们（信士与不信士）分开，我必使他们中的不信道者遭受痛苦的刑罚。不信道的人在心中煽起愤怒，那是蒙昧时代的愤怒。然而，真主使他的使者和信士们获得安宁，并使敬畏的言辞成为他们必须遵守的准则。他们本来最有资格奉行它，也配得上它。

They were the ones who disbelieved, and who debarred you from the Sacred Mosque and prevented your offering from reaching its place of sacrifice. Had it not been for the fact that there were among them believing men and women unknown to you and whom you might have unwittingly trampled underfoot, and on whose account you would have unwittingly incurred guilt... God will admit to His grace whomever He wills. Had they stood apart, We would have inflicted on the unbelievers among them truly painful suffering. The unbelievers fanned fury in their hearts, the fury of ignorance. Meanwhile, God sent down tranquillity on His Messenger and on the believers, and made the word of piety binding on them. They were most worthy of it and deserved it well.

真主对万事无所不知。（经文25-26节）

God has full knowledge of all things. (Verses 25-26)

按照真主的衡量，他们确实是不信者，配得上这一可憎的描述："他们正是不信的人。"（第25节）

According to God’s measure, they are truly unbelievers, deserving this repugnant description: “They were the ones who disbelieved.” (Verse 25)

这一点被记录在他们名下，仿佛他们是这一类人中唯一的一群，他们确定是不信。因此，他们理应遭到真主的厌恶，因为真主憎恶不信和不信者。他们另一项可恶的行为，即把信士阻挡在禁寺之外，并禁止牲畜抵达其宰牲之地，也被记录在案："他们就是不信道的人，他们阻止你们进入禁寺，并阻止献牲到达其应宰之地。"（第25节）

This is recorded against them as if they are the only ones in this class, confirmed in disbelief. Hence, they deserve to be disliked by God who hates unbelief and unbelievers. Their other obnoxious deed of turning the believers away from the Sacred Mosque and forbidding the sacrificial animals from reaching their destination is also recorded: “ They were the ones who disbelieved, and who debarred you from the Sacred Mosque and prevented your offering from reaching its place of sacrifice.” (Verse 25)

这在伊斯兰教和伊斯兰教以前的传统看来都是严重的不端行为；按照自易卜拉欣以来在阿拉伯半岛为人所知的各种宗教，这也是严重的罪行，而易卜拉欣是他们伟大的祖先。

This amounted to gross misconduct according to Islamic and pre- Islamic traditions; it was gross according to all religions known in the Arabian Peninsula since the time of Abraham, their great ancestor.

我们已经了解到，这次旅途中有些圣门弟子因先知的梦而欣喜，知道先知的梦总会成真，但他们难以接受先知的梦在那一年不会应验，并担心自己会被阻止进入禁寺。然而，真主向他们保证，先知的梦是真实的。穆罕默德·本·麦斯莱迈带着马匹和武器先行，直到抵达距麦加约一日骑驼路程的马尔·扎赫兰。他在那里遇到了几名古莱氏人，他们看到眼前的情形十分焦虑。他们以为他即将违反和约攻打麦加，而和约规定双方十年内不得开战。当先知在马尔·扎赫兰扎营，能够望见禁寺内摆放的偶像时，他把穆斯林的全部武器，包括弓、箭和矛，送往一个名为巴顿·雅朱季的地方。随后，他与圣门弟子只将剑插在剑鞘中，向麦加进发，这正是他曾向麦加人许下的承诺。

We have already learnt that some of the Prophet’s Companions on this trip, who were delighted with his dream knowing that prophets’ dreams always come true, found it hard that his dream should not be fulfilled that year, and that they would be prevented entry to the Sacred Mosque. God assured them, however, that the Prophet’s dream was true Muhammad ibn Maslamah went ahead with horses and arms until he arrived at Marr al-Zahran, about one days travel, by camel, from Makkah. There he found a few men from the Quraysh who were greatly worried at what they saw. They thought that he was about to attack Makkah in violation of the peace treaty, which stipulated that there would be no war between the two sides for ten years. When the Prophet encamped at Marr al-Zahran where he could see the idols placed in the Sacred Mosque, he sent all the Muslims’ arms, including bows, arrows and spears to a place called Batn Ya’juj. He then marched towards Makkah with his Companions having only their swords in their sheaths, as he had promised the people of Makkah.

随后，古莱什人派遣米克拉兹·本·哈夫斯率领一个代表团去见先知。他们对他说："穆罕默德，自从你还是个小孩起，我们就从未见你毁约。"他问他们为何这样说。他们回答："你要带着全副武器进城，长矛、弓和箭。"先知说："我不会带着武器进城。我们已经把它们送到了巴特恩·雅朱吉去了。"米克拉兹·本·哈夫斯随即回答："这更符合我们所知道的你的忠诚。" 许多古莱什的贵族离开麦加，进入周围的山区；这是因为他们不愿看到穆斯林在前来城中朝拜时的情形。的确，那景象本身就令他们愤怒。其余的麦加人则或在街上，或在屋顶上，注视着先知和他的同伴进城，他们口中不断念诵着表示顺服真主的词句。

The Quraysh then sent Mikraz ibn Hafs at the head of a delegation to the Prophet. They said to him: “Muhammad, we have never known you to break a promise ever since you were a young child.” He asked why they were saying this. They replied: “You are trying to enter the city carrying all your arms; spears, bows and arrows.” The Prophet said: “I am not going to carry arms into the city. We have sent them to Batn Ya’juj.” Mikraz ibn Hafs then replied: “This is more like what we know of your faithfulness.” Many of the Quraysh nobility left Makkah and went into the surrounding mountains; this because they did not wish to look at the Muslims as they arrived at the city for worship. Indeed, the very sight infuriated them. The rest of the Makkans were either out in the streets or on rooftops looking at the Prophet and his Companions as they entered repeating their phrases that declared their submission to God.

先知ﷺ骑着他的母骆驼“卡斯瓦”，那是他前一年所骑的那头。他的同伴阿卜杜拉·伊本·拉瓦哈牵着母骆驼的缰绳，引导它前行。

The Prophet was riding his she-camel, al-Qaswa’, which he rode the previous year. His Companion, 'Abdullah ibn Rawahah, held the she- camel’s rein and guided its march.

本章以一节经文作结，描绘出先知的同伴们的卓越图景，表彰这一独特而幸福的群体——他们赢得了真主的喜悦，并且真主也将此事告知了他们。

The surah concludes with a verse that paints a superb picture of the community of the Prophet’s Companions, adding Gods commendation of that unique and happy group of people who earned His pleasure and who were also informed of that fact:

穆罕默德是真主的使者ﷺ；与他同在的人对不信道者坚定不移，彼此之间充满慈爱。你会看到他们鞠躬俯伏，在礼拜中叩头，求取真主的恩宠与喜悦。他们脸上带着叩头留下的印记。他们在《讨拉特》中的形象便是如此。而在《福音书》中，他们如同一粒种子，抽出嫩芽，使它壮实，变得粗壮，挺立在自己的茎上，令播种者欢喜。真主借着他们使不信道者愤怒。对于其中信道并行善的人，真主已应许他们赦宥和丰厚的报酬。（第29节）

Muhammad is God's Messenger; and those who are with him are firm and unyielding towards the unbelievers, full of mercy towards one another. You can see them bowing down, prostrating in prayer, seeking favour with God and His good pleasure. They bear on their faces the marks of their prostrations. This is how they are pictured in the Torah. And in the Gospels, they are like a seed that brings forth its shoot, strengthens it, grows thick and stands firm on its stem, delighting the sowers. Through them God will enrage the unbelievers. To those of them who believe and do righteous deeds God has promised forgiveness and a rich reward. (Verse 29)

这是《古兰经》卓越的文风所描绘的一幅非凡画面。

This is a remarkable picture drawn by the superior style of the Qur’an.

它包含了几幅快照，描绘了这个群体的主要状况，既有隐微之处，也有明显可见之处。其中一幅刻画了他们对不信道者以及彼此之间的态度。于是，他们"对不信道者刚强，相互之间却充满慈悲"。另一幅展示了他们在崇拜中的样子："你看见他们屈膝叩拜，俯首于礼拜之中"。第三幅揭示了他们内心所系和情感所在："追求真主的恩典与喜悦"。第四幅聚焦于崇拜在他们面容上留下的明显痕迹，因为他们将一切奉献给真主："他们脸上有叩拜留下的印记。这就是他们在《讨拉特》中的形象。"另有几个简短的画面，告诉我们他们在《福音书》中是如何被描述的："他们如同一粒种子，长出嫩芽，使它强壮，逐渐粗壮，挺立在它的茎上，使播种者欢喜；借助他们，真主要使不信道者愤怒。"这节经文首先确认了先知的地位，而古莱氏的谈判代表苏海勒·本·阿慕尔以及他当时所代表的不信道者否认了这一点："穆罕默德是真主的使者ﷺ。"随后，经文以独特的古兰经式风格，描绘出这幅美丽的图景。

It includes several snapshots depicting the groups main conditions, both subtle and clearly apparent. One shot portrays their attitude to the unbelievers and to one another. Thus, they are “firm and unyielding towards the unbelievers, full of mercy towards one another.” Another shows them as they are in worship: “ You can see them bowing down, prostrating in prayer” Yet a third image reveals what preoccupies their minds and characterizes their feelings: “ seeking favour with God and His good pleasure.” A fourth shot focuses on the apparent effect worship has on their faces as they dedicate all to God: “ They bear on their faces the marks of their prostrations. This is how they are pictured in the Torah.” A number of additional quick images tell us how they are described in the Gospels: “ They are like a seed that brings forth its shoot; strengthens it; grows thick; stands firm on its stem; delights the sowers; through them God will enrage the unbelievers.” The verse begins by confirming the Prophet’s status, denied by the Quraysh negotiator, Suhayl ibn ‘Amr, and the unbelievers he represented at the time: “Muhammad is God's Messenger.” The verse then goes on to paint its beautiful picture in the unique Quranic style.